Microcalcification in the arterial wall and its relationship to the ultrasound criteria of maturation of the arteriovenous fistula.

Introduction:: A functioning and reliable arteriovenous fistula is a lifeline for individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease. The success and failure to arteriovenous fistula maturation have been frequently related to patient and surgeon factors.

Method:: In total, 138 participants with stage IV and V chronic kidney disease were included in this prospective observational study.

Autogenous forearm loop arteriovenous fistula creation.

Introduction: Arteriovenous fistula is a lifeline for end-stage kidney disease patients on dialysis. The quality of the vein and artery to be used plays a crucial role in attaining a functioning, reliable and long-lasting arteriovenous fistula. The aim of the study is to present an alternative for haemodialysis access to preserve the upper arm vasculature for future use - the forearm loop arteriovenous fistula.