[Influence of anterior fracture line on anterior cortical reduction loss after cephalomedullary nail fixation in intertrochanteric fractures].

Objective: To investigate the position of the anterior fracture line in AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) type A2 unstable intertrochanteric fractures and its impact on the incidence of anterior cortical reduction loss after cephalomedullary nail fixation.

Methods: A clinical data of 95 patients with intertrochanteric fractures who met the selection criteria between April 2020 and February 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with cephalomedullary nail fixation, and the intra- and post-operative imaging data were complete.

[Off target of distal interlocking screw in short cephalomedullary nail fixation for intertrochanteric femur fractures].

Objective: To analyze the causes and treatment of off target of the distal interlocking screws when short cephalomeduallry nails were installed through jig-guided targeting device, and to put forward the technical points to prevent off target.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 9 patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated between July 2014 and June 2023 was conducted, in which off target occurred during the insertion of the distal interlocking screw by jig-guided targeting device in short cephalomedullary nailling (<24 cm). There were 1 male and 8 females, with an average age of 82.

Importance of the Posterior Plate in Three-Column Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis and Clinical Validation.

Objective: Dual-plate fixation was thought to be the gold standard for treating complicated bicondylar tibial plateau fractures, yet it was found to be hard to accommodate the posterior column in three-column fractures. Currently, column-specific fixation is becoming more and more recognized, but no comprehensive investigation has been performed to back it up. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate the importance of posterior column fixation in the three-column tibial fractures by a finite element (FE) analysis and clinical study.

[Research progress on valgus impacted proximal humeral fractures].

Objective: To review the advancement made in the understanding of valgus impacted proximal humeral fracture (PHF).

Methods: The domestic and foreign literature about the valgus impacted PHF was extensively reviewed and the definition, classification, pathological features, and treatment of valgus impacted PHFs were summarized.

Results: PHF with a neck shaft angle ≥160° is recognized as a valgus impacted PHF characterized by the preservation of the medial epiphyseal region of the humeral head, which contributes to maintenance of the medial periosteum's integrity after fracture and reduces the occurrence of avascular necrosis.

The remnant axial cortical length of the proximal femur in pertrochanteric fractures: a three-dimensional computed tomography study and its clinical implications.

Background: Cortical buttress are important factors for postoperative stable reconstruction of per/inter-trochanteric fractures. The study aimed to measure the remnant axial cortical length (RACL) of the proximal circumference of the femur, and to determine which part of the RACL can be used reliably to postoperatively sustain the head-neck fragment as a cortical support pattern.

Methods: Eighty patients with trochanteric hip fractures admitted from January 2015 to January 2016 were included in a retrospective study.

Two-Part Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures with Bisection of the Lesser Trochanter: An Irreducible Fracture Pattern.

Objective: To introduce the clinical features of and surgical techniques for a rare type of irreducible pertrochanteric femur fracture pattern with bisection of the lesser trochanter.

Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, 357 patients with per/intertrochanteric femur fractures underwent surgery by closed reduction and internal fixation, of whom 12 patients were identified with rare preoperative imaging features, the lesser trochanter was almost equally bisected. The main fracture pathoanatomy of these cases included: The anterior fracture line passed along the intertrochanteric line to the medial lesser trochanter and bisected it into 2 equal parts from mid-level of the lesser trochanteric protrusion.

[Three-dimensional finite element analysis of exo-cortical placement of humeral calcar screw for reconstruction of medial column stability].

Objective: To explore the biomechanical stability of the medial column reconstructed with the exo-cortical placement of humeral calcar screw by three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Methods: A 70-year-old female volunteer was selected for CT scan of the proximal humerus, and a wedge osteotomy was performed 5 mm medially inferior to the humeral head to form a three-dimensional finite element model of a 5 mm defect in the medial cortex. Then, the proximal humeral locking plate (PHILOS) was placed.

Choline acetyltransferase and vesicular acetylcholine transporter are required for metamorphosis, reproduction, and insecticide susceptibility in Tribolium castaneum.

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) are essential enzymes for synthesizing and transporting acetylcholine (ACh). But their functions in metamorphosis, reproduction, and the insecticide susceptibility were poorly understood in the insects. To address these issues, we identified the orthologues of chat and vacht in Tribolium castaneum.

Testis-specific serine protease PRSS54 regulates acrosomal granule localization and sperm head morphogenesis in mice†.

Serine proteases (PRSS) constitute nearly one-third of all proteases, and many of them have been identified to be testis-specific and play significant roles during sperm development and male reproduction. PRSS54 is one of the testis-specific PRSS in mouse and human but its physiological function remains largely unclear. In the present study, we demonstrate in detail that PRSS54 exists not only in testis but also in mature sperm, exhibiting a change in protein size from 50 kDa in testis to 42 kDa in sperm.

Surgical exposure to posterolateral quadrant tibial plateau fractures: an anatomic comparison of posterolateral and posteromedial approaches.

Background: Management of posterolateral tibial plateau quadrant fractures can be challenging, and two posterior approaches were frequently used for exposure, reduction, and fixation: posterolateral approach and posteromedial approach. The purpose of this study was to compare their deep anatomical structure and analyze their limits and the risk of injury to important structures during surgical dissection of two approaches.

Method: Five lower limb specimens were used in this study.

PRSS37 deficiency leads to impaired energy metabolism in testis and sperm revealed by DIA-based quantitative proteomic analysis.

Our previous studies have reported that a putative trypsin-like serine protease, PRSS37, is exclusively expressed in testicular germ cells during late spermatogenesis and essential for sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct and sperm-egg recognition via mediating the interaction between PDILT and ADAM3. In the present study, the global proteome profiles of wild-type (wt) and Prss37 mice in testis and sperm were compared employing data independent acquisition (DIA) technology. Overall, 2506 and 459 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in Prss37-null testis and sperm, respectively, when compared to control groups.

Calcar fracture gapping: a reliable predictor of anteromedial cortical support failure after cephalomedullary nailing for pertrochanteric femur fractures.

Background: Maintaining anteromedial cortical support is essential for controlling sliding and decreasing postoperative implant-related complications. However, adequate fracture reduction with cortical support in immediate postoperative fluoroscopy is not invariable in postoperative follow-ups. This study was conducted to investigate the risk factors leading to anteromedial cortical support failure in follow up for pertrochanteric femur fractures treated with cephalomedullary nails.

Sub-Classification of AO/OTA-2018 Pertrochanteric Fractures Is Associated With Clinical Outcomes After Fixation of Intramedullary Nails.

Background: The new edited AO/OTA-2018 classification of pertrochanteric fractures was revised and no longer based on the status of lesser trochanter. This paper aimed to explore the clinical and technical outcomes among the subgroups (31A1 and 31A2) of the new classification treated with cephalomedullary nails.

Methods: A retrospective research of 154 patients diagnosed with pertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA-2018 31A1.

The molecular mechanisms underlying acrosome biogenesis elucidated by gene-manipulated mice†.

Sexual reproduction requires the fusion of two gametes in a multistep and multifactorial process termed fertilization. One of the main steps that ensures successful fertilization is acrosome reaction. The acrosome, a special kind of organelle with a cap-like structure that covers the anterior portion of sperm head, plays a key role in the process.

Dissecting the PRSS37 interactome and potential mechanisms leading to ADAM3 loss in PRSS37-null sperm.

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 3 (ADAM3) is a sperm membrane protein critical for sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct and sperm-egg binding in mice. Disruption of PRSS37 results in male infertility concurrent with the absence of mature ADAM3 from cauda epididymal sperm. However, how PRSS37 modulates ADAM3 maturation remains largely unclear.

Analysis of risk factors for thrombosis of the left atrium/left atrial appendage in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Objectives: Left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology is a powerful predictor of thrombogenesis of the left atrium (LA) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, it remains unknown whether LAA morphology is useful for stroke risk stratification in patients with NVAF.

Methods: A total of 555 atrial fibrillation patients were divided into thrombus and non-thrombus groups according to transoesophageal echocardiography.

[Research progress on intra-articular screw penetration in proximal humeral fracture treated with locking plate].

Objective: To review the research progress on intra-articular screw penetration in proximal humeral fracture treated with locking plate.

Methods: The domestic and foreign literature about the proximal humeral fracture treated with locking plate was extensively reviewed. The incidence of screw penetration and risk factors were summarized from both primary and secondary screw penetrations, and the reasons of the intra-articular screw penetration and the technical solutions to avoid the penetration were analyzed.

ADGRA1 negatively regulates energy expenditure and thermogenesis through both sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in male mice.

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A1 (ADGRA1, also known as GPR123) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) family and is well conserved in the vertebrate lineage. However, the structure of ADGRA1 is unique and its physiological function remains unknown. Previous studies have shown that Adgra1 is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), indicating its important role in the transduction of neural signals.

[Effectiveness of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for high plane intertrochanteric femur fractures].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) in treatment of high plane intertrochanteric femur fractures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 33 patients who underwent closed reduction and PFNA fixation for high plane intertrochanteric femur fracture between January 2016 and June 2019. There were 12 males and 21 females with an average age of 75.

Optimal vacuum erectile device therapy regimen for penile rehabilitation in a bilateral cavernous nerve crush rat model.

Background: Vacuum erectile device (VED) therapy has been widely used in penile rehabilitation after radical prostatectomy; however, there is no consensus on the best regimen.

Objectives: To explore an optimal VED therapy regimen in bilateral cavernous nerve crush (BCNC) rat model.

Materials And Methods: Adult male rats were used to measure the effects of different durations (1-30 min) of VED treatment on penile length, penile blood gas analysis, and adverse effects.

Treatment of Isolated Posterolateral Tibial Plateau Fracture with a Horizontal Belt Plate through the Anterolateral Supra-Fibular-Head Approach.

The posterolateral tibial plateau fracture was not easy to be exposed and fixed with usual techniques. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical stability and clinical outcome of the isolated posterolateral tibial plateau fracture fixed with a single horizontal belt plate through the anterolateral supra-fibular-head approach. Fracture models were created by 18 synthetic tibias and fixed with three different fixation modes.

A new fluoroscopic view for evaluation of anteromedial cortex reduction quality during cephalomedullary nailing for intertrochanteric femur fractures: the 30° oblique tangential projection.

Background: Anteromedial cortex-to-cortex reduction is a key parameter for stable reconstruction of the fracture fragments during the intertrochanteric fracture fixation. This paper introduces the oblique fluoroscopic projection as a novel method to evaluate the quality of anteromedial cortical apposition.

Methods: Three proximal femur specimens were marked with steel wires along five anatomic landmarks: Greater trochanter, Lesser trochanter, Intertrochanteric line, Anterolateral tubercle and the Anteromedial cortical line.

Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil and Transcriptome Analysis of in Response to Oil Exposure.

Red flour beetle () is one of the most destructive pests of stored cereals worldwide. The essential oil (EO) of (mugwort) is known to be a strong toxicant that inhibits the growth, development, and reproduction of . However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of EO on remain unclear.