Chronic venous insufficiency in patients with absence of the inferior vena cava.

Objective: Up until now, knowledge of absence of the inferior vena cava (AIVC) is limited to case reports and small case series, usually reported shortly after diagnosis. To characterize long-term evolution of outcomes of patients with AIVC, we performed a survey of current practice in Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg (Benelux).

Methods: Vascular surgeons and phlebologists in the Benelux area were asked to complete a questionnaire on medical history and treatment of each patient in follow-up at their practice with a diagnosis of AIVC.

Botulinum toxin type A as an adjuvant treatment modality for extensive Hailey-Hailey disease.

Background: Extensive Hailey-Hailey disease is often resistant to conventional topical and systemic therapies. The systemic and ablative therapies have many side effects and/or high recurrence rates. Therefore, an alternative safe and effective treatment is needed.