Teaching Pediatric Straddle Injury Repair with Use of a 3D Printed Model.

Study Objective: To determine the utility of a 3D vulvar model for teaching pediatric straddle injury repair.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Two academic hospitals.

Menstrual bleeding patterns in adolescents using etonogestrel (ENG) implant.

Background: Etonogestrel (ENG) implant is an effective method of contraception. The implant is designed to provide contraceptive efficacy for 3 years with a relatively quick return of fertility upon its removal. Menstrual irregularities are not uncommon on long-acting progestins and can often be the factor for discontinuation or removal.

The intestinal microbiota affect central levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor and behavior in mice.

Background & Aims: Alterations in the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract (dysbiosis) are believed to contribute to inflammatory and functional bowel disorders and psychiatric comorbidities. We examined whether the intestinal microbiota affects behavior and brain biochemistry in mice.

Methods: Specific pathogen-free (SPF) BALB/c mice, with or without subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or chemical sympathectomy, or germ-free BALB/c mice received a mixture of nonabsorbable antimicrobials (neomycin, bacitracin, and pimaricin) in their drinking water for 7 days.

Chronic gastrointestinal inflammation induces anxiety-like behavior and alters central nervous system biochemistry in mice.

Background & Aims: Clinical and preclinical studies have associated gastrointestinal inflammation and infection with altered behavior. We investigated whether chronic gut inflammation alters behavior and brain biochemistry and examined underlying mechanisms.

Methods: AKR mice were infected with the noninvasive parasite Trichuris muris and given etanercept, budesonide, or specific probiotics.

Consumer-clinician co-taught training about borderline personality disorder.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to provide further outcome data on a novel consumer-clinician co-taught borderline personality disorder training program.

Method: Participants (n=216) who attended consumer-clinician co-taught borderline personality disorder training had their ratings of the training compared to ratings of participants who attended the previous clinician-only borderline personality disorder training.

Results: Mean training ratings of the consumer-clinician co-taught borderline personality disorder trainings were 37 percentile points higher (77th vs 40th percentile) than the ratings of the previous clinician-only borderline personality disorder training, which already had evidence of effectiveness.

Consumer-clinician co-taught borderline personality disorder training: a pilot evaluation.

This paper describes a consumer-clinician co-taught borderline personality disorder training programme for clinicians, of whom the largest group were nurses, working in mental health and substance use fields. A pilot evaluation of 73 participants attending the training rated the training as superior to evaluations of an earlier clinician-only-taught training. This study of a novel co-taught training programme found that the consumer input added substantial value.

Medication decision-making by adults with borderline personality disorder.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe an effective construct for medication decision-making by adults diagnosed with borderline personality disorder.

Conclusion: A collaborative decision-making process with an emphasis, wherever possible, on the decision-making of the adult diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, provides a relationship structure promoting effective medication decision-making.

Family group decision making and disproportionality in foster care: a case study.

Research on the disproportionate number of children of color in the child welfare system suggests that we should focus on key decision points such as investigations, substantiations, and placements to understand how experiences of children vary by race and ethnicity. This article describes one community's efforts to use Family Group Decision Making in placement decisions to reduce disproportionality in foster care by diverting children from regular foster care services and keeping them within their extended families.

Increasing numbers of admissions to the adult burns service at the Royal Adelaide Hospital 2001-2004.

Background: The purpose of the study was to illustrate the increasing trend in the number of adult burns patients admitted to the Royal Adelaide Hospital and attempt to explain it and to describe the burn patients admitted to the Royal Adelaide Hospital in terms of age, sex, origin, cause and burn size, particularly since the increasing trend began, in an effort to identify a particular group or burn cause, which may make up a large proportion of the increasing numbers.

Methods: A retrospective review of 1548 acute burn-injured patients using information from the burns unit database between 1996 and 2004 was carried out.

Results: Of 1841 total admissions, 1548 were admitted for acute burn injury.

Professionally indicated short-term risk-taking in the treatment of borderline personality disorder.

Objective: To define and explore the rationale for professionally indicated short-term risk-taking in treating adults with borderline personality disorder, and discuss prerequisites for the approach, clinical implementation and medicolegal contexts.

Conclusion: When prerequisites are met and clinical and medicolegal practice is sound and thorough, taking short-term risk, as part of a comprehensive treatment, is a legitimate professional consideration in working with some adults with borderline personality disorder.

Premature birth and later insulin resistance.

Background: Term infants who are small for gestational age appear prone to the development of insulin resistance during childhood. We hypothesized that insulin resistance, a marker of type 2 diabetes mellitus, would be prevalent among children who had been born prematurely, irrespective of whether they were appropriate for gestational age or small for gestational age.

Methods: Seventy-two healthy prepubertal children 4 to 10 years of age were studied: 50 who had been born prematurely (32 weeks' gestation or less), including 38 with a birth weight that was appropriate for gestational age (above the 10th percentile) and 12 with a birth weight that was low (i.

Amiodarone-induced neonatal hypothyroidism: a unique form of transient early-onset hypothyroidism.

Amiodarone is an iodine-rich drug used to treat cardiac dysrhythmias. The structure of amiodarone resembles that of thyroxine, and treatment with amiodarone may alter thyroid function. The effects of antenatal amiodarone use on fetal/neonatal thyroid function have only been addressed in a limited number of patient reports.

The endocrine consequences for very low birth weight premature infants.

The aims of this study were: (1) to determine whether premature and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) children have alterations to the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-IGF binding protein axis and (2) to evaluate growth in premature children. Three groups of children were evaluated: (i) premature children of 36 weeks gestation, which included AGA and SGA subgroups; and (iii) children born at term and AGA with normal childhood heights and weights. Fasting plasma IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and IGF-II (all expressed as microgm/L) were drawn on available subjects.

Evaluation of HOMA and QUICKI as measures of insulin sensitivity in prepubertal children.

Background: Simple fasting sample methods to measure insulin sensitivity (SI) such as homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) have been widely promoted in adult studies but have not been formally evaluated in children. The aim of this study was to compare HOMA and QUICKI to the minimal model as measures of SI in prepubertal children.

Method: The study population consisted of twins (n = 44), premature (n = 17), small for gestational age (SGA) (15), and normal (n = 3) prepubertal children.

Reduced insulin sensitivity during growth hormone therapy for short children born small for gestational age.

Objectives: To examine the influence of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy on insulin sensitivity in short children born small for gestational age (SGA).

Study Design: Twelve short (height standard deviation score, -3.2 +/- 0.