Protocol for the implementation and referral of the ecofit physical activity intervention within Diabetes Alliance Program Plus among regional, rural and remote people with type 2 diabetes in a primary care setting.

Background: This paper outlines the protocol for the ecofit implementation-effectiveness trial, a multi-component mobile Health (mHealth) intervention that aims to increase resistance and aerobic physical activity in primary care-based adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study will be conducted as part of the Diabetes Alliance Program Plus (DAP+), a large-scale integrated health service intervention in a large health district in Australia. The ecofit program has previously demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness in insufficiently active people with (or at risk of) T2D and community dwelling-adults, respectively.

A position statement on screening and management of prediabetes in adults in primary care in Australia.

Prediabetes has a high prevalence, with early detection essential to facilitate optimal management to prevent the development of conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Prediabetes can include impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and elevated HbA1c. This position statement outlines the approaches to screening and management of prediabetes in primary care.

Acute effects of viral respiratory tract infections on sputum bacterial density during CF pulmonary exacerbations.

Background: Airway proliferation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria is thought to trigger CF exacerbations and may be affected by the presence of viral infections.

Methods: A 2-year prospective study was conducted on 35 adults with CF. P.

Methylglyoxal: (active agent of manuka honey) in vitro activity against bacterial biofilms.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) biofilms are associated with poor chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) disease control following surgery. Manuka honey (MH) has been shown to be both an effective in vitro treatment agent for SA and PA biofilms and nontoxic to sinonasal respiratory mucosa. Methylglyoxal (MGO) has been reported to be the major antibacterial agent in MH.

Infection with transmissible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clinical outcomes in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Context: Studies from Australia and the United Kingdom have shown that some patients with cystic fibrosis are infected with common transmissible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence of infection with transmissible strains of P. aeruginosa and whether presence of the organism was associated with adverse clinical outcomes in Canada.

Effectiveness of honey on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.

Objectives: Biofilms formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) have been shown to be an important factor in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). As well, honey has been used as an effective topical antimicrobial agent for years. Our objective is to determine the in vitro effect of honey against biofilms produced by PA and SA.

A retrospective analysis of biofilm antibiotic susceptibility testing: a better predictor of clinical response in cystic fibrosis exacerbations.

Background: Bacteria grow as biofilms within CF airways. However, antibiotic susceptibility testing is routinely performed on planktonically-growing bacteria. This study assessed whether CF patients infected with multiresistant organisms had improved clinical outcomes if given antibiotics that inhibited their biofilm-grown bacteria.

Epidemiological investigation and glycotyping of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis by mass spectrometry: association with multiple drug resistance.

The aim of the present investigation was to develop a novel approach for rapid identification and differentiation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clones from Canadian cystic fibrosis patients by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. We screened P. aeruginosa isolates for lipopolysaccharide structure and presence/absence of alginate and correlated these findings with antibiotic resistance patterns.

Infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria and pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis.

Background: Studies have shown that cystic fibrosis (CF) patients who are chronically infected with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria may potentially acquire new strains of B cepacia. Our objective was to determine whether pulmonary exacerbations of CF are associated with acquisition of new B cepacia strains or with B cepacia strain replacement.

Methods: Thirty-six patients from seven centers who were chronically infected with B cepacia complex bacteria were prospectively followed up over a 38-month period.

Multiple combination antibiotic susceptibility testing of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilms.

Haemophilus influenzae is a cause of otitis media with effusion (OME). Animal models demonstrate growth of H. influenzae biofilms in OME, which may explain why OME does not respond well to conventional antibiotic therapy.

Multiple combination bactericidal testing of staphylococcal biofilms from implant-associated infections.

Standardized susceptibility testing fails to predict in vivo resistance of device-related infections to antimicrobials. We assessed agents and combinations of antimicrobials against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus (methicillin-resistant S.

Combination antibiotic susceptibility testing to treat exacerbations of cystic fibrosis associated with multiresistant bacteria: a randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.

Background: We did a randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial to prospectively assess whether use of combination antibiotic susceptibility testing improved clinical outcomes in patients with acute pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis who were infected with multiresistant bacteria.

Methods: 251 patients with cystic fibrosis who were chronically infected with multiresistant gram negative bacteria gave sputum at 3-month intervals for conventional culture and sensitivity tests and for combination antibiotic susceptibility tests using multiple combination bactericidal antibiotic testing (MCBT). Patients who developed an exacerbation of pulmonary disease were randomised to receive a 14-day course of any two blinded intravenous antibiotics chosen on the basis of either results from conventional sputum culture and sensitivity testing or the result of MCBT.

Adult cystic fibrosis exacerbations and new strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

We hypothesized that in adults with cystic fibrosis, the acquisition of a new strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be associated with a pulmonary exacerbation. Eighty-four patients who were chronically infected with P. aeruginosa were prospectively followed from eight centers over a 26-month period.

Age-related disparity in functional activities of human group C serum anticapsular antibodies elicited by meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

Serum bactericidal activity confers protection against meningococcal disease, but it is not known whether vaccine-induced anticapsular antibodies that lack bactericidal activity are protective. We developed an infant rat challenge model using a naturally occurring O-acetylated strain of Neisseria meningitidis group C and a strain that was negative for O acetylation (OAc). Rats 4 to 7 days of age inoculated intraperitoneally (i.

Single and combination antibiotic susceptibilities of planktonic, adherent, and biofilm-grown Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates cultured from sputa of adults with cystic fibrosis.

Evidence suggests that Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria form biofilms within the airways of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). The objective of this study was to determine whether clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa recovered from adults with CF have similar susceptibilities to individual antibiotics and to antibiotic combinations when grown as adherent monolayers or as biofilms compared to when they are grown using planktonic methods.