Addressing Systemic Inequities: An Evaluation of the Resilience Catalysts in Public Health Program.

Context: Resilience Catalysts (RC) in Public Health provides local health departments (LHDs) with a process and technical assistance (TA) to operationalize the Community Health Strategist (CHS) role, foster equity, and support community resilience through policy, practice, and program change across multiple sectors.

Objectives: This evaluation sought to (1) identify essential elements of the RC process and TA that help LHDs address the systemic drivers of adversity and inequity, and (2) expand understanding of RC's preliminary impact and inform implications for theory, practice, and funding in the post-COVID context.

Design: The mixed-methods evaluation incorporated online surveys and semi-structured interviews.

Does proactive care in care homes improve survival? A quality improvement project.

Background: NHS England's 'Enhanced Health in Care Homes' specification aims to make the healthcare of care home residents more proactive. Primary care networks (PCNs) are contracted to provide this, but approaches vary widely: challenges include frailty identification, multidisciplinary team (MDT) capability/capacity and how the process is structured and delivered.

Aim: To determine whether a proactive healthcare model could improve healthcare outcomes for care home residents.

IT-assisted comprehensive geriatric assessment for residents in care homes: quasi-experimental longitudinal study.

Background: Frailty interventions such as Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) can provide significant benefits for older adults living with frailty. However, incorporating such proactive interventions into primary care remains a challenge. We developed an IT-assisted CGA (i-CGA) process, which includes advance care planning (ACP).

Virtual simulation in healthcare education: a multi-professional, pan-Canadian evaluation.

Background: As we experience a shortage of healthcare providers in Canada, it has become increasingly challenging for healthcare educators to secure quality clinical placements. We evaluated the impact of virtual simulations created for the virtual work-integrated learning (Virtu-WIL) program, a pan-Canadian project designed to develop, test, and offer virtual simulations to enrich healthcare clinical education in Canada. Evaluation was important since the virtual simulations are freely available through creative commons licensing, to the global healthcare community.

Adolescents' Physical Activity and Psychological Adjustment Across the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus dramatically changed daily life and created many obstacles for adolescents to engage in physical activity (PA). This study tracked rates of self-reported PA and examined its impact on adjustment among adolescents during the first 14 months of the pandemic. Canadian adolescents (N = 1068, 14-18 y, meanage = 16.

Lockdown, bottoms up? Changes in adolescent substance use across the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic notably altered adolescent substance use during the initial stage (Spring 2020) of the pandemic. The purpose of this longitudinal study is to examine trajectories of adolescent substance use across the pandemic and subsequent periods of stay-at-home orders and re-opening efforts. We further examined differences as a function of current high school student versus graduate status.

Community Resilience: A Dynamic Model for Public Health 3.0.

Objective: To establish a model for Public Health 3.0 in order to define and measure community resilience (CR) as a method to measure equity, address structural racism, and improve population health.

Design: To develop the CR model, we conducted a literature review in medicine, psychology, early childhood development, neurobiology, and disaster preparedness and response and applied system dynamics modeling to analyze the complex interactions between public systems, policies, and community.

Uploading Risk: Examining the Social Profile of Young Adults Most Susceptible to Engagement in Risky Social Media Challenges.

The aim of this study was to determine the social profile of individuals who are most at risk of engaging in risky social media challenges (RSMCs). Young adults ( = 331, 56.3 percent female) aged 18-25 years ( = 21.

What Does Adolescent Substance Use Look Like During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Examining Changes in Frequency, Social Contexts, and Pandemic-Related Predictors.

Purpose: The overarching goal of this study was to provide key information on how adolescents' substance use has changed since the corona virus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic, in addition to key contexts and correlates of substance use during social distancing.

Methods: Canadian adolescents (n = 1,054, M = 16.68, standard deviation = .

The Pathfields Tool: a frailty case-finding tool using primary care IT-implications for population health management.

Background: older people living with frailty benefit from targeted interventions which improve health and independence. However, it has been challenging within primary care to systematically identify patients living with frailty.

Methods: primary care IT was re-programmed to create a 'Pathfields High Risk Cohort' (PHRC, patients felt likely to have undiagnosed frailty) and invite clinicians to opportunistically assess and diagnose frailty.

The Moderating Role of Clique Hierarchical Organization on Resource Control by Central Clique Members.

Accessing resources in peer groups is essential for youth's survival and reproduction. To date, little is known about the behavioral strategies used by socially prominent preadolescent and early adolescent resource controllers in peer cliques, groups of individuals who hang out together during free time at school. Theory suggests that clique hierarchical organization should influence forceful resource control behavior of central (prominent) clique members, but evidence is mixed.

Social sensitivity and social, school, and psychological adjustment among children across contexts.

This study examined relations of social sensitivity to social, school, and psychological adjustment in rural Chinese, urban Chinese, and Canadian children. Participants were 4th to 6th grade students (Mage = 11 years) in China (n = 593 and 443 for the rural and urban samples) and Canada (n = 325). A self-report measure of social sensitivity was developed for the study.

A New Framework for Addressing Adverse Childhood and Community Experiences: The Building Community Resilience Model.

Objective: We propose a transformative approach to foster collaboration across child health, public health, and community-based agencies to address the root causes of toxic stress and childhood adversity and to build community resilience.

Methods: Physicians, members of social service agencies, and experts in toxic stress and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were interviewed to inform development of the Building Community Resilience (BCR) model. Through a series of key informant interviews and focus groups, we sought to understand the role of BCR for child health systems and their partners to reduce toxic stress and build community resilience to improve child health outcomes.

Chest radiographic features of human metapneumovirus infection in pediatric patients.

Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) was identified in 2001 and is a common cause of acute respiratory illness in young children. The radiologic characteristics of laboratory-confirmed HMPV acute respiratory illness in young children have not been systematically assessed.

Objective: We systematically evaluated the radiographic characteristics of acute respiratory illness associated with HMPV in a prospective cohort of pediatric patients.

Peer Groups as a Context for School Misconduct: The Moderating Role of Group Interactional Style.

Peer group interactional style was examined as a moderator of the relation between peer group school misconduct and group members' school misconduct. Participants were 705 students (M  = 11.59 years, SD = 1.

Social Sensitivity and Adjustment in Chinese and Canadian Children.

This study examined relations of social sensitivity to socioemotional and school adjustment in Chinese and Canadian children. Participants were fourth- to eighth-grade students (Mage  = 12 years) in China (n = 723) and Canada (n = 568). Data were obtained from multiple sources.

Affiliation with Socially Withdrawn Groups and Children's Social and Psychological Adjustment.

This 1-year longitudinal study examined the effects of membership in socially withdrawn peer groups on children's social and psychological adjustment in a sample of 979 children (417 boys, 562 girls, M age = 11.84 years). Data on children's social and psychological adjustment and problems were collected from peer nominations and self-reports in the fall and spring of a single academic year.

A rare accessory muscle in the hand--the flexor digitorum superficialis indicis.

Accessory muscles are easily overlooked during imaging evaluation. Although usually discovered incidentally, they are occasionally symptomatic. With increasing utilization of cross-sectional imaging, the radiologist should be prepared to readily identify these anomalous muscles.

Bullying Predicts Reported Dating Violence and Observed Qualities in Adolescent Dating Relationships.

The relationship between reported bullying, reported dating violence, and dating relationship quality measured through couple observations was examined. Given past research demonstrating similarity between peer and dating contexts, we expected that bullying would predict negative dating experiences. Participants with dating experience (n = 585; 238 males, M(age) = 15.

A novel approach to supporting relationship-centered care through electronic health record ergonomic training in preclerkship medical education.

Problem: How can physicians incorporate the electronic health record (EHR) into clinical practice in a relationship-enhancing fashion ("EHR ergonomics")?

Approach: Three convenience samples of 40 second-year medical students with varying levels of EHR ergonomic training were compared in the 2012 spring semester. All participants first received basic EHR training and completed a presurvey. Two study groups were then instructed to use the EHR during the standardized patient (SP) encounter in each of four regularly scheduled Doctoring (clinical skills) course sessions.

Medication management for nurses working in long-term care.

In long-term care (LTC), the complexity of residents' conditions and their treatment requirements present challenges for nurses managing medications. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore medication management as described by licensed nurses working in LTC. A total of 22 licensed nurses from 2 LTC facilities located in the Canadian province of Ontario participated in 4 focus groups.

Second opinion interpretations by specialty radiologists at a pediatric hospital: rate of disagreement and clinical implications.

Objective: The objective of our study was to identify whether a substantive difference exists between the imaging interpretations of radiologists at outside referring institutions and those of radiologists at a tertiary care children's hospital and whether such reinterpretation affects the clinical management of pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective chart review examined the diagnostic imaging reports of all pediatric patients referred to a tertiary care freestanding children's hospital over a 17-month period (January 1, 2009-May 31, 2010); 773 examinations met the inclusion criteria. The original and second interpretations were compared.

The role of peer group aggression in predicting adolescent dating violence and relationship quality.

Past research has shown that adolescent peer groups make a significant contribution to shaping behavior but less is known about the role of peer groups in adolescent dating relationships. This longitudinal study examined the contribution of aggressive peer group norms on relationship quality and dating violence among dating adolescents. At the beginning of the school year (T1) and 6 months later (T2), participants (n = 1,070; M(age) = 15.