A dynamic, multilevel process evaluation of a produce prescription program at a federally qualified health center: 2017-2021 description, implementation, and infrastructure.

The "Food as Medicine" (FAM) movement encourages public health and medical professionals to recognize the importance of dietary patterns and food access. The purpose of this work was to describe patient and physician engagement with a produce prescription (PRx) program to improve access to fresh vegetables in a healthcare setting. A Federally Qualified Health Center, regenerative farm, and academic institution partnered for the PRx program (2017-21).

Defining contemporary roles of the pharmacy educator: The essential first step in developing equitable faculty teaching workload.

Introduction: Faculty workload policy has gained increased attention recently given the growing amount of faculty burnout leading to decreased productivity, worsened faculty morale, and impaired retention. Faculty are one of the most valuable resources of an academic institution; thus, it is essential that a clear picture of the "jobs to be done" are defined and valued.

Perspective: The approach of a task force charged with developing a teaching workload policy is described.

Key considerations for developing an equitable faculty teaching workload.

Purpose: Faculty teaching workload has become a focus for many academic institutions given the increasing amount of faculty burnout and need for equitable distribution of effort. Many gaps exist in faculty workload guidance which contribute to decreased faculty productivity, lack of appropriate recognition, faculty burnout, and subsequently, retention of faculty. A task force was created to develop teaching workload guidance and to outline minimum teaching expectations at our school of pharmacy.

The Complicated Middle of the Academic Deanery.

The complicated and ever-growing roles of assistant and associate deans (A-deans) can often be compared to those of middle managers. With responsibilities that are rapidly expanding and often unclear or overlapping with other personnel, A-deans may face identity crises. Additionally, because they are often not at the full professor level, they may experience difficulty achieving promotion.

Cross-Sector Partnerships for Improved Cooking Skills, Dietary Behaviors, and Belonging: Findings from a Produce Prescription and Cooking Education Pilot Program at a Federally Qualified Health Center.

Participant engagement, psychosocial factors, and dietary behaviors are important components of "Food as Medicine" and cooking education programs. The purpose of this study is to describe a multidisciplinary cooking program at a Federally Qualified Health Center in central Texas. During biannual harvest seasons (2022-2023), patients participated in four or six weekly 1.

Validity evidence for a virtual multiple mini interview at a pharmacy program.

Background: Numerous health professions schools have transitioned to virtual admissions interviews in recent years. While some research suggests that virtual multiple mini-interviews (vMMIs) are feasible, acceptable, and more affordable, there is a paucity of research concerning the validity of this approach. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of vMMIs and explore differences in performance between vMMI and in-person MMIs.

An Exploration of the Relationship Between Pharmacy School Admission Variables and PGY1 Pharmacy Residency Program Match.

Objective: To explore the relationship between pharmacy school admission variables and matching to a postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pharmacy residency program.

Methods: Demographic data, academic indicators, and application review scores were collected for the 2017-2020 Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) graduating classes. Multiple mini-interview (MMI) scores were collected for the 2018-2020 PharmD graduating classes.

The role of self-regulation strategies in physical activity behavior change: results from an exercise prescription program at a Federally Qualified Health Center.

Physical activity (PA) improves quality of life and prevents chronic disease, yet many adults are inactive. Planning with health care providers in the form of exercise "prescriptions" may increase PA, but the role of individual psychosocial factors within exercise prescription programs is not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the role of self-regulation strategies (e.

Increasing access to the profession: Admissions lessons learned from the pandemic.

Introduction: The disruptions induced by the COVID-19 pandemic have forced quick and significant changes to recruitment and admissions practices in colleges of pharmacy. This process has helped to identify barriers and challenges for prospective students. At the University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, some changes were already under consideration prior to the pandemic, such as moving to test-optional admissions and allowing remote interviews, while new considerations included offering the entire recruitment and admissions process remotely.

The Relationship Between a Multiple Mini-interview and Situational Judgment Test for Admissions.

To explore the relationship between a multiple mini-interview (MMI) and situational judgment test (SJT) designed to evaluate nonacademic constructs. A 30-question ranked-item SJT was developed to test three constructs also measured by MMIs during a pharmacy school's admissions process. First-year pharmacy students were invited to complete the SJT in fall 2020.

Interested in situational judgment tests? Preparing pharmacy educators for potential challenges.

Purpose: There is a growing interest in situational judgment tests (SJTs) for assessments and the authors offer their insights to help others develop and utilize these instruments while navigating common challenges.

Description: This manuscript provides important considerations to those interested in SJTs using the "What? So What? Now What?" reflection framework. The authors offer their experience developing, implementing, and evaluating SJTs designed to measure empathy, adaptability, and integrity.

Telephone-based support for physical activity: Results and lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Physical activity is essential to maintain physical and mental well-being. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person physical activity opportunities were limited. This paper describes a telephone-based physical activity support strategy among racially/ethnically diverse patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Content, costs, and characteristics of United States prepharmacy curricula.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to examine pharmacy prerequisites and estimate the costs prospective students may incur to complete those requirements.

Methods: Prepharmacy requirements for doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) degree programs in the United States (US) (n = 137) were sourced from school websites in 2018. Credit hour costs for community colleges, public four-year institutions, and private four-year institutions were collected.

Evaluation of a Council Structure and Meeting Format for Pharmacy Student Government in the Co-Curriculum.

To evaluate student perceptions of a transformed pharmacy student government structure and meeting format. The structure and general assembly meeting format of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) Eshelman School of Pharmacy Student Senate (ie, student government) underwent a transformation from that of a forum to that of a council in an effort to address concerns regarding limited information exchange, minimal discussion, and unengaged meeting participants. To evaluate student perceptions of the new senate council format, members who attended at least one council meeting during the academic year were asked to complete a 12-item survey evaluating interorganizational relations, communication, collaboration, and efficiencies.

A Prescription for Wellness: Exercise Referrals at a Federally Qualified Health Center.

Physical activity (PA) improves quality of life and prevents chronic disease, but many adults are inactive. Planning with a health care provider in the form of an exercise "prescription" or referral may increase PA, but determinants of referral utilization are not well understood among underserved populations. This study examined sociodemographic and theory-based psychosocial determinants of exercise referral program utilization.

Assessing the Co-Curriculum by Mapping Student Organization Involvement to Curricular Outcomes Using Mixed Methods.

To use institution-specific curricular outcomes as a framework to map skill development opportunities available through cocurricular involvement in pharmacy student organizations. Participants completed a modified Extracurricular Involvement Inventory individually to measure the intensity of their involvement in each student organization. Participants also completed the Co-Curriculum Outcomes Assessment Mapping Survey (COAMS) instrument as a group to indicate what skills (ie, curricular outcomes) they developed through involvement in a student organization and student organization activities, programs, and events, and to provide examples of these skills.

An Exploration of the Relationships Between Multiple Mini-Interview Scores and Personality Traits.

To explore the relationship between pharmacy students' social and behavioral competencies assessed using multiple mini-interviews (MMIs) and their personality traits. A retrospective study was conducted using data from two Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) cohorts. Students' self-reported scores from an externally validated tool completed during their first professional year that assessed five personality traits (openness to experiences, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and emotionality) were collected.

A Five-Minute Situational Judgment Test to Assess Empathy in First-Year Student Pharmacists.

To design, implement, and evaluate the utility of a situational judgment test (SJT) to assess empathy in first-year student pharmacists as part of an end-of-year capstone experience. First-year students completed a five-minute SJT in lieu of a multiple mini interview (MMI) during the end-of-year capstone. For each SJT item, students selected the two most appropriate response options from a list of five.

Can they imagine the future? A qualitative study exploring the skills employers seek in pharmaceutical sciences doctoral graduates.

Concerns about the extent to which graduate programs adequately prepare students for the workplace have prompted numerous calls for reform. Understanding what employers look for in doctoral graduates can help schools better align graduate training with workplace needs. Twelve pharmaceutical scientists across diverse specialties and career pathways described the skills considered requisite for success in today's science economy.

Identifying and Mapping Skill Development Opportunities Through Pharmacy Student Organization Involvement.

To describe a process for identifying skills that students can gain through co-curricular involvement and to map these skills to curricular outcomes. This pilot study used a mixed-methods approach involving document reviews, student involvement surveys, and focus groups/interviews to evaluate skill development opportunities in three pharmacy student organizations. Investigators reviewed key documents (eg, student organization websites, annual review forms) to identify skills emphasized by the organization.

Design and evaluation of a two-phase learner-centered new student orientation program.

Background And Purpose: To identify student perceptions associated with a learner-centered, multi-stage, flipped, new student orientation for a doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) program.

Educational Activity And Setting: First-year PharmD students over three years (2012-2014) were engaged in a two-phase learner-centered orientation process designed to allow students to customize the transition experience. After orientation, students completed a survey to assess programming and their perceptions of readiness to begin the PharmD program.

Using the multiple mini interview as an assessment strategy within the first year of a health professions curriculum.

Background: The multiple mini-interview (MMI) is a common assessment strategy used in student selection. The MMI as an assessment strategy within a health professions curriculum, however, has not been previously studied. This study describes the integration of a 5-station MMI as part of an end-of-year capstone following the first year of a health professions curriculum.

Validity and reliability of an application review process using dedicated reviewers in one stage of a multi-stage admissions model.

Introduction: With increased emphasis placed on non-academic skills in the workplace, a need exists to identify an admissions process that evaluates these skills. This study assessed the validity and reliability of an application review process involving three dedicated application reviewers in a multi-stage admissions model.

Methods: A multi-stage admissions model was utilized during the 2014-2015 admissions cycle.

Design, Implementation, and Outcomes of a Three-week Pharmacy Bridging Course.

To evaluate the design, implementation, and outcomes of a three-week pharmacy bridging course (PBC) covering five math and science areas for first-year doctor of pharmacy students in fall 2015. Each topic was taught as a separate module. All five modules used pre- and post-module assessments to measure student knowledge and confidence.