Amyloid β Induces Lipid Droplet-Mediated Microglial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.

Several microglia-expressed genes have emerged as top risk variants for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Impaired microglial phagocytosis is one of the main proposed outcomes by which these AD-risk genes may contribute to neurodegeneration, but the mechanisms translating genetic association to cellular dysfunction remain unknown. Here we show that microglia form lipid droplets (LDs) upon exposure to amyloid-beta (Aβ), and that their LD load increases with proximity to amyloid plaques in brains from human patients and the AD mouse model 5xFAD.

Moderators of Resistance Training Effects in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze whether the effects of resistance exercise on whole-body fat and lean mass are moderated by exercise dosage (i.e., duration, volume, and intensity), age, body mass index, baseline values, assessment methods, and prescription of aerobic exercise and caloric restriction in overweight/obese adults.

Resistance training effectiveness on body composition and body weight outcomes in individuals with overweight and obesity across the lifespan: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To systematically review and analyze the effects of resistance-based exercise programs on body composition, regional adiposity, and body weight in individuals with overweight/obesity across the lifespan. Using PRISMA guidelines, randomized controlled trials were searched in nine electronic databases up to December 2020. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects model.

Recruitment strategies in a prospective longitudinal family study on parents with obesity and their toddlers.

Background: Recruitment of participants with obesity is a real challenge. To reduce time and costs in similar projects, we investigated various recruiting strategies used in a longitudinal family study with respect to their enrolment yield and cost effectiveness. Results may help other research groups to optimize their recruitment strategies.

Maternal Weight Predicts Children's Psychosocial Development via Parenting Stress and Emotional Availability.

Introduction: Maternal obesity has been shown to be a risk factor for obesity in children and may also affect children's psychosocial outcomes. It is not yet clear whether there are also psycho-emotional mechanisms explaining the effects of maternal weight on young children's weight and psychosocial development. We aimed to evaluate whether maternal body mass index (BMI), mother-child emotional availability (EA), and maternal parenting stress are associated with children's weight and psychosocial development (i.

Maternal mentalization affects mothers' - but not children's - weight via emotional eating.

Previous research on childhood obesity has shown that maternal obesity is an important risk factor for this malady. Because biological and environmental factors are able to explain the transgenerational transmission of obesity only in part, psychological risk factors (e.g.

Breastfeeding in Obese versus Normal-Weight German Mothers of Various Socioeconomic Status.

Background: To a large extent, breastfeeding practices depend on cultural norms. It is thus of particular importance to examine these practices in various settings, especially when considering the effect of complex factors, such as body mass index (BMI) or socioeconomic status.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the breastfeeding practices of obese mothers with those of normal weight, taking into account social and economic status.

Emotional availability, understanding emotions, and recognition of facial emotions in obese mothers with young children.

Objective: Recent research has identified mother-child relationships of low quality as possible risk factors for childhood obesity. However, it remains open how mothers' own obesity influences the quality of mother-child interaction, and particularly emotional availability (EA). Also unclear is the influence of maternal emotional competencies, i.

Parent-child interaction during feeding or joint eating in parents of different weights.

The current study investigates parent-child interaction during feeding or during joint eating, and aimed to explore differences in feeding interactions between mothers and fathers, as well as between overweight, obese and not overweight parents. 148 mothers and 148 fathers with children aged between 7 and 47months were observed during feeding of or joint eating with their child in the laboratory. The videotaped mother-child and father-child dyads were coded using the Chatoor Feeding Scale.

Obese parents--obese children? Psychological-psychiatric risk factors of parental behavior and experience for the development of obesity in children aged 0-3: study protocol.

Background: The incidences of childhood overweight and obesity have increased substantially and with them the prevalence of associated somatic and psychiatric health problems. Therefore, it is important to identify modifiable risk factors for early childhood overweight in order to develop effective prevention or intervention programs. Besides biological factors, familial interactions and parental behavioral patterns may influence children's weight development.

Exercise training and severe caloric restriction: effect on lean body mass in the obese.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise intensity on the body composition of obese subjects during severe caloric restriction. Forty obese subjects (33 women, 7 men; 41 +/- 7.7 years; 106 +/- 26kg; body fat > 25% men, > 30% women) on a commercially prepared OPTIFAST 420kcal/day supplemented fast were randomized into groups that exercised at target heart rates corresponding to 40% and 60% of the heart rate reserve (HRR) at the start of the program.

Spermatogenesis in two patients with the fragile X syndrome. I. Histology: light and electron microscopy.

Light and electron microscopic studies on testicular biopsies were carried out in two men, 40 and 44 year old, with the fra(X) form of mental retardation and macroorchidism. Distinct interstitial edema, an increased amount of lysosomal inclusions in Sertoli cells, and disturbance of spermatid differentiation were found in both probands. Additionally, some extent of tubular atrophy was demonstrated in one patient.

Cutaneous pseudolymphoma at the site of prior herpes zoster eruption.

A 55-year old woman with a history of herpes zoster in the dermatome supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve developed cutaneous red papules and umbilicated nodules within the same segment. The clinical and histological diagnosis was pseudolymphoma. The lesions showed a polymorphous infiltrate without germinal center formation.

[Systemic lupus erythematosus and hyper-IgE syndrome in a 13-year-old child].

In 1979, suspicion of convulsive disorder was diagnosed in a 9-year-old girl, who consequently underwent treatment with carbamazepine. In 1983, she developed hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome. IgE values reached up to 5,400 u/ml.

[Contact allergy to Alliaceae. Case report and literature review].

By a case-report in addition with a literature-survey the allergenic power of "Alliaceae"-especially of onion and garlic - is drawn out. In respect to hand eczema green-grocers, housewives and cooks must be considered risk-groups. Clinically dry squamous rhagadiform eczema of the fingertips are prevailing.

Intra-acrosomal inhibition of boar acrosin by synthetic proteinase inhibitors.

Thirteen serine proteinase inhibitors of the guanidine, monoamidine and diamidine type were tested for their ability to inhibit the proteinase acrosin present in the acrosome of ejaculated and capacitated boar spermatozoa. All compounds studied proved to be potent in-vitro inhibitors of acrosin. Inhibition constants (Ki) in the range of 1.

Anti-acrosin antibodies in sera, colostrum and genital organs of vaccinated ewes: estimation and correlation with fertility.

Three ewes were vaccinated with boar sperm acrosin. Despite the presence of antiacrosin antibodies which crossreact with ram acrosin in the sera of the immunized sheep, no significant reduction in fertility was observed. Incubation of ejaculated or capacitated boar spermatozoa with anti-acrosin serum or IgG did not reduce the halos of digestion in the gelatinolysis test.

Demonstration of acrosin in mouse spermatozoa.

Gelatinolytic activity of whole mouse spermatozoa was demonstrated by the gelatin film test. The presence of a trypsin-like protease (acrosin) in acidic extracts of mouse spermatozoa was shown by an electrophoretic method to separate the enzyme from a putative inhibitor.