The NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside protects against postovulatory aging in vitro.

Purpose: Postovulatory aging (POA) of oocytes is clinically significant as it mirrors the degeneration observed in maternally aged oocytes, leading to substantial impairments in oocyte quality and the success rates of artificial reproductive technology (ART). The molecular alterations associated with POA, such as the degeneration of the first polar body, an increase in perivitelline space, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, energy depletion, and chromosomal and DNA damage, underscore the urgency of finding interventions to mitigate these effects. This study aims to identify whether nicotinamide riboside (NR) can prevent POA during the process of in vitro culture and raise the success rates of ART.

Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ovarian ageing in a mouse model.

Background: Ovarian ageing is one of the major issues that impacts female fertility. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has made impressive progress in recent years. However, the efficacy and safety of MSCs, as nonautologous components, remain to be further verified.

Impact of homologous recombination deficiency biomarkers on outcomes in patients with early breast cancer: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Patients with breast cancer with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) such as germline BRCA1/2 mutations would respond to DNA-damaging drugs. Several clinical studies have revealed that HRD biomarkers were associated with the outcomes of patients with early breast cancer (EBC). However, no systematic review has determined the prognostic role of HRD biomarkers in patients with EBC.

Efficacy and Safety of Initial 5 Years of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Postmenopausal Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

To identify the optimal initial 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal early breast cancer (EBC) patients. We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE to obtain relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2022. Randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy and safety of initial 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy were included.

Generation of human blastocyst-like structures from pluripotent stem cells.

Human blastocysts are comprised of the first three cell lineages of the embryo: trophectoderm, epiblast and primitive endoderm, all of which are essential for early development and organ formation. However, due to ethical concerns and restricted access to human blastocysts, a comprehensive understanding of early human embryogenesis is still lacking. To bridge this knowledge gap, a reliable model system that recapitulates early stages of human embryogenesis is needed.

Comparison of the rabbit and human corneal endothelial proteomes regarding proliferative capacity.

The shortage of human donor corneas has raised important concerns about engineering of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) for clinical use. However, due to the limited proliferative capacity of human CECs, driving them into proliferation and regeneration may be difficult. Unlike human CECs, rabbit CECs have a marked proliferative capacity.

Efficacy and Safety of Pyrotinib Versus T-DM1 in HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Pre-Treated With Trastuzumab and a Taxane: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety between pyrotinib (Pyr) and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in pre-treated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed in August 2020. Randomized clinical trials comparing the efficacy and safety between different anti-HER2 regimens in patients pre-treated with trastuzumab (Tra) and a taxane in metastatic settings (≤second-line treatment) were included.

Brain transcriptomics of nonhuman primates: A review.

The brain is one of the most important and intricate organs in our bodies. Interpreting brain function and illustrating the changes and molecular mechanisms during physiological or pathological processes are essential but sometimes difficult to achieve. In addition to histology, ethology and pharmacology, the development of transcriptomics alleviates this condition by enabling high-throughput observation of the brain at various levels of anatomical specificity.

Detection of Mutations Based on Liquid Biopsy in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Clinical Impacts and Prospects.

Endocrine therapy is the main treatment option for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC). Compared with other clinical subtypes, ER+ BC patients usually have a more favorable prognosis. However, almost all ER+ BCpatients develop endocrine resistance and disease progression eventually.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals gender differences in gene expression profiling of the hypothalamus of rhesus macaque with aging.

Due to the current delay in childbearing, the importance of elucidating the underlying mechanisms for reproductive aging has increased. Human fertility is considered to be controlled by hormones secreted by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. To clarify the changes in hypothalamic gene expression with increasing age, we performed paired-end strand-specific total RNA sequencing for the hypothalamus tissues of rhesus.

Epigenome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 in clinical settings: possibilities and challenges.

Epigenome editing is a promising approach for both basic research and clinical application. With the convergence of techniques from different fields, regulating gene expression artificially becomes possible. From a clinical point of view, targeted epigenome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 of disease-related genes offers novel therapeutic avenues for many diseases.

Secondary systemic lupus erythematosus after thymoma resection misdiagnosed as medically unexplained dyspnoea: A case report.

Rationale: Secondary systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an exceedingly rare complication of thymoma resection and is difficult to diagnose because of the insidious and nonspecific clinical manifestations. A case of SLE that occurs secondary to thymoma resection is described in this report.

Patient Concerns: A 43-year-old male came to our hospital with the sole symptom of dyspnea after thymoma resection initially.

Efficacy of long-term noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in stable hypercapnic COPD patients with respiratory failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: The efficacy of long-term noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in stable hypercapnic COPD patients with respiratory failure remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to critically assess the efficacy of long-term NPPV on mortality, acute exacerbation, exercise capacity, symptoms and significant physiological parameters (lung function, respiratory muscle function and gas exchange).

Patients And Methods: We performed an electronic literature search using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, OVID and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database in May 2017.