Magnetic-assisted and aptamer-based SERS biosensor for high enrichment, ultrasensitive detection of multicomponent heart failure biomarkers.

The high-sensitivity detection of low-concentration multicomponent biomarkers in the blood of heart failure (HF) patients using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) remains a significant challenge. In this study, an ultrasensitive biosensor for the detection of multicomponent HF biomarkers was designed. This biosensor utilizes Au@Ag nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs) functionalized with Raman reporter molecules (RaRs) as SERS probes, and Ag-coated FeO nanoparticles (FeO-Ag NPs) modified with internal standard (IS) molecules as the capture substrate, offering the dual advantages of magnetic enrichment and SERS enhancement.