Guidelines to conduct research in computer-prompt software studies to decrease sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity in the workplace.

Background: Computers are ubiquitous in the workplace and facilitate prolonged sitting, which has adverse health consequences. Various computer-prompt software programs are designed to decrease sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity in the workplace. However, specific guidelines that would improve research in this area have not been published.

Computer Prompt Software to Reduce Sedentary Behavior and Promote Physical Activity Among Desk-Based Workers: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Do computer prompt software programs at the workplace reduce sitting time and/or increase physical activity at work?

Background: Many products are promoted and being used in the workplace; however, their effectiveness and use are unknown or the evidence base that they work to change behavior is lacking.

Method: We searched for relevant papers published between 2005 and 2020. The inclusion criteria were computer prompt software programs installed as behavioral change interventions; interventions implemented during work hours and delivered through a work personal computer or laptop; and measures of sedentary behavior and/or physical activity.

Understanding Variations in the Health Consequences of Sedentary Behavior: A Taxonomy of Social Interaction, Novelty, Choice, and Cognition.

The study of sedentary behaviors requires taxonomies (classification schemes) to standardize data collection, measurements, and outcomes. Three taxonomies of sedentary behaviors have been identified, but none address an important challenge in sedentary behavior research, which is to distinguish between beneficial and detrimental health effects of various sedentary behaviors. Some sedentary behaviors (e.

Development and implementation of a logic model: Occupational stress, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in the workplace.

Background: An increasing level of occupational stress is a major problem in the workplace that requires innovative approaches and strategies. An understudied research area pertains to the effects that physical activity performed during the workday have on occupational stress.

Objective: To determine if and how an intervention that increases physical activity and reduces sedentary behavior affects workplace stress.

Cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity, and ambulatory blood pressure in adolescents.

Background: This study examined the association of cardiorespiratory fitness (fitness) and adiposity (Body Mass Index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]) with ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and tested the moderating effect of adiposity on the association between fitness and ABP.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 370 adolescents aged 11-16 years. Fitness was assessed by a height-adjusted step test and estimated by heart rate recovery, defined as the difference between peak heart rate during exercise and heart rate two minutes postexercise.

Disparity Indices and Overweight: Frame of Reference.

The purpose of this study was to compare state rankings of body mass index (BMI) among three different indices of income disparities (i.e., low-, middle-, and high-income thresholds) and BMI.

Delayed gratification and adherence to exercise among patients with claudication.

Few studies have explicitly identified factors that explain an individual's willingness to engage in community-based exercise for claudication. Identifying the unique characteristics of those inclined toward physical activity would inform interventions that encourage walking. We examined the utility of behavioral economics-related concepts in understanding walking among Veterans with claudication.

Successful Smoking Cessation Associated with Walking Behavior in Patients with Claudication.

Background: Behavioral economics theories suggest that a preference for delayed benefits promotes positive behavioral change, a concept relevant to both smoking cessation and community-based exercise regimens for claudication. Given the high rate of smoking among older veterans, we were interested in examining the association between smoking cessation, exercise regimen adherence, and preferences for delayed versus immediate benefits.

Methods: Between April 2017 and March 2018, patients with claudication at the Michael E.

Organizational Culture and Implications for Workplace Interventions to Reduce Sitting Time Among Office-Based Workers: A Systematic Review.

Time spent in sedentary behaviors is an independent risk factor for several chronic diseases (e.g., cardiometabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension).

Evaluation of a Worksite-Based Small Group Team Challenge to Increase Physical Activity.

Purpose: To investigate whether participants in a small group team challenge had greater completion rates in an institution-wide step-challenge than other participants.

Design: A quasi-experimental, posttest-only design with a comparison group was used to evaluate group differences in completion rates.

Setting: A large university system provided the opportunity to participate in a physical activity challenge.

Urban-Rural Differences in Aerobic Physical Activity, Muscle Strengthening Exercise, and Screen-Time Sedentary Behavior.

Purpose: Compared to their urban counterparts, US residents in rural settings face an increased risk of premature mortality and health problems that have been linked to insufficient physical activity (PA) levels. There is limited literature regarding urban-rural differences in adherence to national guidelines for all 3 PA-related behaviors.

Methods: We investigated urban-rural differences in aerobic PA, leisure-time muscle strengthening PA, and leisure screen-time sedentary behavior in a combined data set of the 2011-2014 waves (N = 14,188) of the nationally representative National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey.

A Lifestyle Intervention via Email in Minority Breast Cancer Survivors: Randomized Parallel-Group Feasibility Study.

Background: Our data have indicated that minority breast cancer survivors are receptive to participating in lifestyle interventions delivered via email or the Web, yet few Web-based studies exist in this population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and preliminary results of an email-delivered diet and activity intervention program, "A Lifestyle Intervention Via Email (ALIVE)," delivered to a sample of racial and ethnic minority breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Survivors (mean age: 52 years, 83% [59/71] African American) were recruited and randomized to receive either the ALIVE program's 3-month physical activity track or its 3-month dietary track.

The impact of job control on employee perception of management commitment to safety.

Background: Employees self-reporting low job control may perceive management as not being committed to employee safety.

Objective: Assess the relationship between self-reported job control and management commitment to safety while controlling for categorical variables.

Method: A 31-item survey was used in a cross-sectional study to assess the relationship between self-reported job control scores (JCS) and management commitment to safety scores (MCS).

Exploring relationships among social integration, social isolation, self-rated health, and demographics among Latino day laborers.

Objectives: Research indicates social integration and social isolation are related to health, and Latino day laborers (LDLs) tend to be socially isolated and, thus, at high risk for adverse health consequences. relationships among social isolation, social integration, self-rated health (SRH), and demographics were examined in a sample of LDLs to contribute to the literature on social networks and health in this and other migrant populations.

Design: We analyzed data from 324 LDLs who participated in Proyecto SHILOS (Salud del Hombre Inmigrante Latino), a Houston-based survey of Latino immigrant men's health.

Social support for physical activity: Comparison of family, friends, and coworkers.

Background: Few studies have examined the associations among family, friend, and coworker social support for physical activity. It is important to know the sources of social support that facilitate and promote physical activity among fulltime working adults.

Objective: We analyzed the associations among family, friend, and coworker social support for physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among participants in a worksite study.

Impact of Booster Breaks and Computer Prompts on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Desk-Based Workers: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: The 15-minute work break provides an opportunity to promote health, yet few studies have examined this part of the workday. We studied physical activity and sedentary behavior among office workers and compared the results of the Booster Break program with those of a second intervention and a control group to determine whether the Booster Break program improved physical and behavioral health outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a 3-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial at 4 worksites in Texas from 2010 through 2013 to compare a group-based, structured Booster Break program to an individual-based computer-prompt intervention and a usual-break control group; we analyzed physiologic, behavioral, and employee measures such as work social support, quality of life, and perceived stress.

How Do Stages of Change for Physical Activity Relate to Employee Sign-Up for and Completion of a Worksite Physical Activity Competition?

Introduction: This study evaluated whether stages of change for physical activity (PA) predict sign-up, participation, and completion in a PA competition.

Method: Deidentified data were provided to evaluate a PA competition between 16 different institutions from a public university system. Employees who completed a health assessment (HA) prior to the start of the PA competition ( n = 6,333) were included in the study.

Identifying correlates and determinants of physical activity in youth: How can we advance the field?

This commentary provides a critical discussion of current research investigating the correlates and determinants of physical activity in young people, with specific focus on conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues. We draw on current child and adolescent literature and our own collective expertise to illustrate our discussion. We conclude with recommendations that will strengthen future research and help to advance the field.

Breaking Up Sedentary Behavior: Perceptions From Cancer Survivors.

Background: Limited data exist on the benefits of, barriers to, and potential strategies to break up time spent sitting in cancer survivors. Such data will be meaningful given the consequences of prolonged sitting.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to conduct a mixed-method research study consisting of semistructured telephone interviews to identify recurrent themes associated with prolonged sitting in cancer survivors.

The Healthy Weight Disparity Index: Why We Need It to Solve the Obesity Crisis.

Objective: This study assessed the usefulness of the Healthy Weight Disparity Index (HWDI) to evaluate income disparities related to obesity. We compared state based body mass index (BMI) rankings with HWDI rankings.

Methods: National data from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to estimate mean BMI levels in each of the 50 states (plus Washington, D.

Sedentary behavior, body mass index, and weight loss maintenance among African American women.

Objectives: Relationships among sedentary behavior, weight gain, and weight loss and regain are understudied particularly for African Americans, a high risk group for obesity. The hypotheses were: sedentary behavior is positively associated with current body mass and % of weight loss maintained after initial weight loss; these associations differ by physical activity status.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Walking Trail Use Among a Sample of Black, White, Hispanic, and Asian Adult Walkers.

Background: Walking trails are positively associated with physical activity; however, few studies have been conducted among diverse communities. We sought to describe trail use and the physical and social environmental correlates of trail use in a racially/ethnically diverse sample.

Methods: We administered an on-site trail intercept survey to walkers on a trail (N = 175).

Features of the built environment related to physical activity friendliness and children's obesity and other risk factors.

Objectives: We investigated the relationships among environmental features of physical activity friendliness, socioeconomic indicators, and prevalence of obesity (BMI status), central adiposity (waist circumference, waist-height ratio), and hypertension.

Design And Sample: The design was cross-sectional; the study was correlational. The sample was 911 kindergarteners through sixth graders from three schools in an urban school district residing in 13 designated neighborhoods.