The Mortality of Congenital Syphilis.

Objectives: To document the case-fatality rate (CFR) of congenital syphilis diagnosed by molecular tools and rabbit infectivity testing (RIT) of clinical specimens in addition to standard evaluation and to compare that with the CFR using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) surveillance case definition.

Study Design: Prospective, single site, cohort study of all cases of syphilis among mothers and their infants from 1984 to 2002. The diagnosis of congenital syphilis was determined using IgM immunoblotting, polymerase chain reaction, and RIT of fetal or infant specimens in addition to clinical, laboratory, and radiographic criteria.

Knowledge, Judgment, and Skills in Reproductive Health Care and Abortion Are Essential to the Practice of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

A social contract exists between medicine and society. In fulfilling the social contract to our patients and society, physicians have an obligation to provide the evidence-based care that patients want and need. What do the data regarding knowledge, judgment, and skills required to practice obstetrics and gynecology show? Obstetrics and gynecology job task analyses assess the importance of knowledge, judgment, and skills through surveys asking practicing physicians about the criticality and frequency of a variety of task statements to create an importance score.

The American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology's remote certifying examination: successes and challenges.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology canceled the 2020 in-person subspecialty certifying examinations and developed remote administration of 4 subspecialty certifying examinations in 2021 for both examiners and candidates. Because of the continued risks of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2021 specialty certifying examinations and the 2022 subspecialty certifying examinations were also administered remotely for candidates. For these examinations, examiners participated remotely in 2021 and were at the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology testing center in 2022.

Correlations between Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Obstetrics and Gynecology Milestones and American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology qualifying examination scores: an initial validity study.

Background: Since the launch of the Outcome Project in 2001, the graduate medical education community has been working to implement the 6 general competencies. In 2014, all Obstetrics and Gynecology residency programs implemented specialty-specific milestones to advance competency-based assessment. Each clinical competency committee of the Obstetrics and Gynecology program assesses all residents twice a year on the milestones.

Effect of the leaves aqueous extract of Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (Santalaceae) on intestinal function and its acute toxicity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Argentine traditional medicine it is recorded the use of Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (Santalaceae) leaves for treating various affections that compromise the intestinal normal functioning.

Systematic Chemogenetic Library Assembly.

Chemogenetic libraries, collections of well-defined chemical probes, provide tremendous value to biomedical research but require substantial effort to ensure diversity as well as quality of the contents. We have assembled a chemogenetic library by data mining and crowdsourcing institutional expertise. We are sharing our approach, lessons learned, and disclosing our current collection of 4,185 compounds with their primary annotated gene targets (https://github.

Physical Implications of a Fundamental Period of Time.

If time is described by a fundamental process rather than a coordinate, it interacts with any physical system that evolves in time. The resulting dynamics is shown here to be consistent provided the fundamental period of the time system is sufficiently small. A strong upper bound T_{C}<10^{-33}  s of the fundamental period of time, several orders of magnitude below any direct time measurement, is obtained from bounds on dynamical variations of the period of a system evolving in time.

Antioxidant, Gastroprotective, Cytotoxic Activities and UHPLC PDA-Q Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry Identification of Metabolites in Decoction.

The decoction of the local plant is used as a digestive, gastroprotective, external cicatrizing agent and antiseptic in Argentine. A lyophilized decoction (BLD) from the aerial parts of this plant was evaluated regarding its anti-ulcer, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and the bioactivities were supported by UHPLC-MS metabolome fingerprinting which revealed the presence of several small bioactive compounds. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH, TEAC, FRAP and lipoperoxidation inhibition in erythrocytes methods, and the antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Putting the "M" back in maternal-fetal medicine: A 5-year report card on a collaborative effort to address maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have demonstrated continuous increased risk for maternal mortality and severe morbidity with racial disparities among non-Hispanic black women an important contributing factor. More than 50,000 women experienced severe maternal morbidity in 2014, with a mortality rate of 18.0 per 100,000, higher than in many other developed countries.

IRS4, a novel modulator of BMP/Smad and Akt signalling during early muscle differentiation.

Elaborate regulatory networks of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathways ensure precise signalling outcome during cell differentiation and tissue homeostasis. Here, we identified IRS4 as a novel regulator of BMP signal transduction and provide molecular insights how it integrates into the signalling pathway. We found that IRS4 interacts with the BMP receptor BMPRII and specifically targets Smad1 for proteasomal degradation consequently leading to repressed BMP/Smad signalling in C2C12 myoblasts while concomitantly activating the PI3K/Akt axis.

Congenital syphilis in neonates with nonreactive nontreponemal test results.

Objective: Infants whose mothers had syphilis during pregnancy were studied to determine how often exposed newborns with normal physical examinations and nonreactive nontreponemal serologic tests had abnormal laboratory or radiographic studies.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from infants born to mothers with syphilis and had a normal examination and a nonreactive nontreponemal test. Some infants had IgM immunoblotting, PCR testing or rabbit infectivity testing (RIT) performed.

Matrix-Based Activity Pattern Classification as a Novel Method for the Characterization of Enzyme Inhibitors Derived from High-Throughput Screening.

One of the central questions in the characterization of enzyme inhibitors is determining the mode of inhibition (MOI). Classically, this is done with a number of low-throughput methods in which inhibition models are fitted to the data. The ability to rapidly characterize the MOI for inhibitors arising from high-throughput screening in which hundreds to thousands of primary inhibitors may need to be characterized would greatly help in lead selection efforts.

Jodina rhombifolia leaves lyophilized aqueous extract decreases ethanol intake and preference in adolescent male Wistar rats.

The leaves of Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (Santalaceae) are utilized as anti-alcoholic in Argentine folk medicine.

Outbreak of Tuberculosis in a Colony of Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) after Possible Indirect Contact with a Human TB Patient.

Simian tuberculosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases of non-human primates. Outbreaks of tuberculosis have been reported in primate colonies almost as long as these animals have been used experimentally or kept in zoological gardens. Significant progress has been made in reducing the incidence of tuberculosis in captive non-human primates, but despite reasonable precautions, outbreaks continue to occur.

Reduction in voluntary ethanol intake following repeated oral administration of Jodina rhombifolia lyophilized aqueous extract in male Wistar rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (SANTALACEAE) is utilized in Argentine folk medicine for the treatment of alcoholism.

Maternal titers after adequate syphilotherapy during pregnancy.

Background: We aimed to construct a timeline for nontreponemal titer decline specific to pregnancy and evaluate factors associated with inadequate decline by delivery.

Methods: This was a retrospective medical records review from September 1984 to June 2011 of women diagnosed with syphilis after 18 weeks of gestation. Women were treated according to stage of syphilis per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.

Progression of ultrasound findings of fetal syphilis after maternal treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate ultrasound findings of fetal syphilis and to describe their progression after maternal treatment.

Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study from September 1981 to June 2011 of seropositive women after 18 weeks of gestation who had an ultrasound before treatment to evaluate for fetal syphilis. Only those women who received treatment after the initial ultrasound scan, but before delivery, were included.

Anthrax cases in pregnant and postpartum women: a systematic review.

Objective: To describe the worldwide experience of Bacillus anthracis infection reported in pregnant, postpartum, and lactating women.

Data Sources: Studies were identified through MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Global Health databases from inception until May 2012. The key words (["anthrax" or "anthracis"] and ["pregna*" or "matern*" or "postpartum" or "puerperal" or "lact*" or "breastfed*" or "breastfeed*" or "fetal" or "fetus" or "neonate" or "newborn" or "abort*" or "uterus"]) were used.