Objective: To compare the practicability and tissue sample quality between different intestinal biopsy techniques.
Study Design: Experimental, randomized ex vivo study.
Sample Population: Small intestine of nine horses.
Objective: To evaluate the use of laser Doppler flowmetry and spectrophotometry (LDFS) for large intestinal viability assessment in horses with naturally occurring large intestinal strangulations.
Methods: By use of LDFS, intestinal microperfusion was quantified as tissue oxygen saturation (tSo2), hemoglobin (tHB), and blood flow (tBF) in cases with large colon volvulus and small colon strangulations undergoing colic surgery (n = 17). Intestinal biopsies were taken from the pelvic flexure in all large colon cases and in small colon cases that underwent intraoperative euthanasia.
An adult, 362 g, male, intact inland bearded dragon () was admitted to a veterinary clinic due to a temporary cloacal prolapse and a two-week history of reduced overall condition and forage intake. Physical examination revealed an approximately 2 × 1 cm round-shaped, rigid intracoelomic tissue mass. Multiple sand deposits were present on the cloacal mucous membranes, though no signs of cloacal prolapse were present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza A virus (IAV) infections in swine are usually subclinical, but they can reach high morbidity rates. The mortality rate is normally low. In this study, six vaccinated, spontaneously deceased sows revealed IAV infection and enhanced neutrophilic bronchopneumonia with unexpectedly large numbers of infiltrating eosinophils.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ancillary diagnostic methods to enhance the accuracy of viability assessment have not been established for use in clinical practice.
Objectives: To assess intestinal microperfusion measured by Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Spectrophotometry (LDFS) in naturally occurring small intestinal strangulations of different origins and to compare this between viable and non-viable segments.
Study Design: Prospective clinical trial.
Histologic diagnosis of less well-differentiated cases of canine extramedullary plasmacytomas (CEMPs) may require immunohistochemical confirmation to discriminate these tumors from other round cells tumors including lymphoma, cutaneous histiocytoma, and amelanotic melanomas. CEMPs are characterized by widespread immunoreactivity for multiple myeloma 1 (MUM1) antigen and λ light chains, while the melanocytic marker melan-A has been reported to yield negative results. Here, 33 randomly selected CEMPs, 20 melanocytomas, and 20 malignant melanomas were immunohistochemically tested for MUM1, melan-A, and PNL2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the histological injury and intestinal microperfusion measured by laser Doppler flowmetry and spectrophotometry (LDFS) of the small intestine orad to a strangulation during colic surgery.
Animals: Horses with naturally occurring small intestinal strangulations undergoing colic surgery were included.
Methods: In this prospective clinical trial, intestinal tissue oxygen saturation (tSO2) and tissue blood flow (tBF) were measured by LDFS orad to the strangulation following release of the strangulation (n = 18).
An adult male Bell's hinge-back tortoise () was admitted to a veterinary clinic due to a swelling in the oral cavity. Physical examination revealed an approximately 2.5 × 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ongoing threat of COVID-19 has highlighted the need for effective prophylaxis and convenient therapies, especially for outpatient settings. We have previously developed highly potent single-domain (VHH) antibodies, also known as nanobodies, that target the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and neutralize the Wuhan strain of the virus. In this study, we present a new generation of anti-RBD nanobodies with superior properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe presence of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and its structural components has been described in different healthy animal species and in animals with diseases of the respiratory tract. In contrast to normal mammals, BALT is absent in healthy human adult lungs, but has been found in the lungs of children. The histological characteristics of organized mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), its subsets of immune cells and their in situ distribution in the lung of healthy subadult and adult cattle shows close similarities with BALT in humans and other animal species such as sheep, horses and pigs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants that resist neutralizing antibodies drew the attention to cellular immunity and calls for the development of alternative vaccination strategies to combat the pandemic. Here, we have assessed the kinetics of T cell responses and protective efficacy against severe COVID-19 in pre- and post-exposure settings, elicited by PolyPEPI-SCoV-2, a peptide based T cell vaccine.
Methods: 75 Syrian hamsters were immunized subcutaneously with PolyPEPI-SCoV-2 on D0 and D14.
Self-renewal of the intestinal epithelium originates from stem cells located at the crypt base. Upregulation of various stem cell markers in intestinal epithelial neoplasms indicates a potential role of stem cells in tumorigenesis. In this study, the immunoreactivity of potential intestinal stem cell markers ( box transcription factor 9 [Sox9], homeodomain-only protein [Hopx], survivin) and tuft cell marker doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) in normal canine intestine and intestinal epithelial neoplasms was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn brain tissue of three harbor seals of the German North Sea coast, high virus loads of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N8 were detected. Identification of different virus variants indicates high exposure to HPAIV circulating in wild birds, but there is no evidence for H5 specific antibodies in healthy seals. Replication of avian viruses in seals may allow HPAIV to acquire mutations needed to adapt to mammalian hosts as shown by PB2 627K variants detected in these cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Warmblood fragile foal syndrome (WFFS) is a lethal condition detected in Warmblood horses. Its origin and association with performance traits and fertility among horse populations is unknown.
Objectives: To validate the previously identified WFFS type 1 (WFFST1)-associated missense variant PLOD1:c.
Background: Ovine laryngeal chondritis is a rare entity of sheep in the USA, Great Britain, New Zealand and Iceland, but has not been reported in Germany so far. Here, two German cases are reported.
Case Presentation: Two rams showed severe and progressive signs of dyspnea.
Warmblood fragile foal syndrome (WFFS) is a monogenetic defect with autosomal recessive inheritance. The WFFS homozygosity is non-compatible with extra-uterine life. Although as many as 15% of Warmblood horses are WFFS carriers, there has been little veterinary focus on this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere
December 2018
A 6-month-old Leine sheep was presented because of dermal tissue located on the left eye. During the first examination, the animal was clinically silent, apart from the deformed eye. A corneal and conjunctival dermoid and blindness of the left eye were diagnosed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe intestinal mucosa is in contact with abundant luminal antigens and coordinates immune responses to differentiate commensals from pathogens. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) not only represent a physical barrier but also an immunologically important cell type that recognizes microbe-associated molecular patterns via Toll-like receptors (TLR). The importance of TLR expression has been elucidated for intestinal disorders in humans, mice and dogs.
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