Executive Function Strengths in Athletes: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Whether athletes possess superior executive functions still needs further examination. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the executive function advantages of athletes and the differences in these advantages between open- and closed-skill sports through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Computer searches of CNKI, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SPORTDiscus databases were conducted.

[Effect of enhanced silicate minerals weathering on carbon sequestration by plant-soil systems in rice fields].

Successive crop harvest results in soil silicon (Si) loss, which constantly reduces soil available Si. Agricultural measures that can increase the availability of soil Si are in urgent need in agroecosystems. Enhanced weathering of silicate minerals can effectively replenish soil Si, which will promote plant uptake of Si, formation of plant phytolith occluded carbon (PhytOC), and the sequestration of atmospheric CO.

TssL2 of T6SS2 is required for mobility, biofilm formation, wrinkly phenotype formation, and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus SH112.

Type VI secretion system 2 (T6SS2) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus is required for cell adhesion and autophagy in macrophages; however, other phenotypes conferred by this T6SS have not been thoroughly investigated. We deleted TssL2, a key component of T6SS2 assembly, to explore the role of the T6SS2 in environmental adaptation and virulence. TssL2 deletion reduced Hcp2 secretion, suggesting that TssL2 played an important role in activity of functional T6SS2.

Hypocrellin A from an ethnic medicinal fungus protects against NLRP3-driven gout in mice by suppressing inflammasome activation.

Abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome causes the progression of gout, and no small-molecule inhibitor of NLRP3 has been approved yet for clinical use. In this study we established a nigericin-induced inflammasome activation cell model for screening of a natural product library by measuring IL-1β secretion in cell supernatants. Among 432 compounds tested, we found that hypocrellin A (HA), one of the major active components of a traditional ethnic medicinal fungus Hypocrella bambusea in the Northwest Yunnan of China, exhibited the highest inhibition on IL-1β production (IC = 0.

Design, synthesis and investigation of biological activity and mechanism of fluoroaryl-substituted derivatives at the FL118 position 7.

Addition of fluorine atoms into chemical compounds is a validated strategy to enhance their physical, chemical and biological properties. In this study, FL118, a novel camptothecin-related small molecule known for its unique mechanism of action and superior antitumor efficacy, was utilized as a foundational drug platform. By replacing the hydrogen atom at position 7 of FL118 with a fluoroaryl group, a diverse array of FL118 derivatives were synthesized.

Azo-linked 5-ASA-coumarin prodrug: Fluorescent tracking for colonic drug release in UC treatment.

Theranostic prodrugs that enable real-time, non-invasive monitoring of drug release and biodistribution are highly desirable for optimizing therapeutic efficacy and guiding personalized medication. Herein, we report a colon-targeted theranostic prodrug system (P1) for the simultaneous delivery and tracking of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). P1 comprises a fluorescent 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (7-AMC) reporter covalently linked to 5-ASA via an azo bond, which quenches the fluorescence of 7-AMC until P1 is activated by azoreductases in the colonic microenvironment.

KGF secreted from HSCs activates PAK4/BMI1, promotes HCC stemness through PI3K/AKT pathway.

In our present study, we investigated the interaction between HSCs and HCC, also explored the molecular mechanism. Clinical samples were collected from HCC and adjacent tissue with different degree of liver fibrosis. HCC cells were co-cultured with LX-2 cell by Transwell system or cultured with conditioned medium (CM), which was collected from LX-2.

Perioperative Duloxetine in Total Joint Arthroplasty: An Umbrella Review.

Purpose: Duloxetine, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor primarily used for chronic neuropathic pain, has been debated for its efficacy in total joint arthroplasty contexts.

Design: Umbrella review.

Methods: A comprehensive search spanning PubMed, CINAHL, OVID, Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Google Scholar, and Cochrane, with no language restrictions up to January 2024, was conducted.

Mindfulness affected post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic growth: Adaptive and maladaptive sides through trauma-related shame and guilt.

Mindfulness plays an important role in reducing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and promoting posttraumatic growth (PTG) among traumatized populations. However, the mechanism at the emotional level has not been fully examined. Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible mediating roles of trauma-related shame and guilt.

Efficient temporal compression of 10-µJ pulses in periodic layered Kerr media.

Pulse compression based on periodic layered Kerr media has been demonstrated as an effective technique for femtosecond pulses with energies around 100 µJ or more. We report such a compressor designed for pulses in the 10-µJ range, which is valuable for many applications. Pulses from a fiber chirped-pulse amplifier are compressed from 300 fs to as short as 60 fs, with good pulse and beam quality.

Simultaneous Photocatalytic Production of H and Acetal from Ethanol with Quantum Efficiency over 73% by Protonated Poly(heptazine imide) under Visible Light.

In this work, protonated poly(heptazine imide) (H-PHI) was obtained by adding acid to the suspension of potassium PHI (K-PHI) in ethanol. It was established that the obtained H-PHI demonstrates very high photocatalytic activity in the reaction of hydrogen formation from ethanol in the presence of Pt nanoparticles under visible light irradiation in comparison with K-PHI. This enhancement can be attributed to improved efficiency of photogenerated charge transfer to the photocatalyst's surface, where redox processes occur.

The Tree Shrew Model of Parkinson Disease: A Cost-Effective Alternative to Nonhuman Primate Models.

The surge in demand for experimental monkeys has led to a rapid increase in their costs. Consequently, there is a growing need for a cost-effective model of Parkinson disease (PD) that exhibits all core clinical and pathologic phenotypes. Evolutionarily, tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) are closer to primates in comparison with rodents and could be an ideal species for modeling PD.

Ultracompact and Uniform Nanoemitter Array Based on Periodic Scattering.

As emerging gain materials, lead halide perovskites have drawn considerable attention in coherent light sources. With the development of patterning and integration techniques, a perovskite laser array has been realized by distributing perovskite microcrystals periodically. Nevertheless, the packing density is limited by the crystal size and the channel gap distance.

Photocatalytic dihydroxylation of light olefins to glycols by water.

Aliphatic diols such as ethylene and propylene glycol are the key products in the chemical industry for manufacturing polymers. The synthesis of these molecules usually implies sequential processes, including epoxidation of olefins using hydrogen peroxide or oxygen with subsequent hydrolysis to glycols. Direct hydroxylation of olefins by cheap and green oxidants is an economically attractive and environmentally friendly route for the synthesis of diols.

Dual Effects of Self-Compassion on Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth: The Roles of Trauma-Related Shame and Guilt.

Previous studies have shown that self-compassion can alleviate posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and promote posttraumatic growth (PTG). However, only a few studies explored the dual effects of its positive and negative components on PTSS and PTG. Also, the emotional mechanisms between self-compassion and PTSS/PTG remain unclear.

BolA-like protein (IbaG) promotes biofilm formation and pathogenicity of .

is a gram-negative halophilic bacterium widespread in temperate and tropical coastal waters; it is considered to be the most frequent cause of -associated gastroenteritis in many countries. BolA-like proteins, which reportedly affect various growth and metabolic processes including flagellar synthesis in bacteria, are widely conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. However, the effects exerted by BolA-like proteins on remain unclear, and thus require further investigation.

Antibody-based near-infrared fluorogenic probes for wash-free imaging of cell-surface proteins.

Background: Cell-surface proteins, which are closely associated with various physiological and pathological processes, have drawn much attention in drug discovery and disease diagnosis. Thus, wash-free imaging of the target cell-surface protein under its native environment is critical and helpful for early detection and prognostic evaluation of diseases.

Results: To minimize the interference from autofluorescence and fit the penetration depth towards tissue samples, we developed a fluorogenic antibody-based probe, Ab-Cy5.

Sustained release of 5-aminosalicylic acid from azoreductase-responsive polymeric prodrugs for prolonged colon-targeted colitis therapy.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a challenging inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, whose therapies encounter limitations in overcoming insufficient colonic retention and rapid systemic clearance. In this study, we report an innovative polymeric prodrug nanoformulation for targeted UC treatment through sustained 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) delivery. Amphiphilic polymer-based 13.