Association of plasma lactoferrin levels with disease severity in glaucoma patients.

Objective: To explore the relationship between plasma lactoferrin (Lf) and glaucoma, assessing the clinical utility of Lf in glaucoma.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 161 glaucoma patients and 115 healthy controls, with a follow-up of 14 subjects after approximately 2 years. Plasma Lf markers were quantified using ELISA, comparing levels between glaucoma patients and healthy controls, and analyzing plasma Lf across different glaucoma severity grades.

Th1 cells contribute to retinal ganglion cell loss in glaucoma in a VCAM-1-dependent manner.

Glaucoma is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and optic nerve axons, leading to irreversible visual impairment. Despite its clinical significance, the underlying mechanisms of glaucoma pathogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to unravel the multifaceted nature of glaucoma by investigating the interaction between T cells and retinas.

Fecal calprotectin as an intestinal inflammation marker is elevated in glaucoma.

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between glaucoma and fecal calprotectin. A total of 144 glaucomatous patients and 66 healthy controls were enlisted for this study. The fecal calprotectin was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Gut-licensed β7 CD4 T cells contribute to progressive retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma.

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Currently, most therapeutic strategies aim to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (EIOP), but this does not always halt disease progression. Evidence suggests a role for T cells in glaucoma pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

CO Is Beneficial to Gut Microbiota Homeostasis during Colonoscopy: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Many studies have reported minor complications and disturbance of the gut microbiota after colonoscopy. Compared with air, carbon dioxide (CO) insufflation could decrease minor complications, but its impact on gut microbiota remains unknown.

Methods: Thirty-eight healthy subjects were assessed and twenty were randomized to receive either CO or air insufflation during colonoscopy.

Alterations in Peripheral B Cell Subsets Correlate with the Disease Severity of Human Glaucoma.

Background: Glaucoma is a group of retinal neurodegenerative diseases causing irreversible visual impairment. The pathogenesis of this disease is complicated. Studies have shown that the immune system is involved in the neurodegenerative process of glaucoma.

The Flavonoid Kurarinone Regulates Macrophage Functions via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized with abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits, and dealing with IBS is still a clinical challenge. The pathogenesis of IBS has been reported to be linked to low-grade mucosal inflammation, and macrophages contribute to the pathological process of this disease. Kurarinone (KAR), a flavanoid derived from , has been found medically effective in many inflammatory conditions and cancers.

Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acid promotion of Amphiregulin expression by dendritic cells is regulated by GPR43 and Blimp-1.

Dendritic cells (DC) are the most important antigen-presenting cells, which guide T cell activation and function, and dysregulated DC function might be one of the crucial causes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It has been well-known that microbiota and their metabolites play an essential role in regulating the biology and function of DC, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of IBD. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Sauchinone attenuates inflammatory responses in dendritic cells via Blimp-1 and ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex inflammatory disorder of the digestive tract with dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses. Dendritic cells (DC), the most important antigen presenting cells, act as bridges connecting the adaptive and innate immune systems, and play a crucial role in the regulation of local homeostasis in the gut and are also essential mediators in the initiation and development of intestinal inflammation. Our recent study found that sauchinone (SAU) was able to ameliorate experimental colitis in mice by restraining Th17 cell differentiation and their pathogenicity.

miR-340 affects sauchinone inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation and promotes intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease.

The pathogenesis of inflammation bowel disease (IBD) involves exaggerated effector T cell responses and impaired regulatory T cell functions. We previously found that sauchinone (SAU) ameliorated experimental colitis via facilitating Th17 cell production of IL-10, but how SAU regulated Th17 cell differentiation remains unknown. MicroRNAs (miR) have been recognized as a crucial regulator of T cell biology and play a considerable role in IBD.