Low-input redoxomics facilitates global identification of metabolic regulators of oxidative stress in the gut.

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in organ aging and related diseases, yet the endogenous regulators involved remain largely unknown. This work highlights the importance of metabolic homeostasis in protecting against oxidative stress in the large intestine. By developing a low-input and user-friendly pipeline for the simultaneous profiling of five distinct cysteine (Cys) states, including free SH, total Cys oxidation (Sto), sulfenic acid (SOH), S-nitrosylation (SNO), and S-glutathionylation (SSG), we shed light on Cys redox modification stoichiometries and signaling with regional resolution in the aging gut of monkeys.

U-shaped relationship between serum uric acid and gastric cancer risk: a large prospective cohort study.

Objective: We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with 475659 cancer-free participants from the UK Biobank. All subjects were grouped into quartiles, and we used a Cox proportional hazards model to analyze the association between SUA levels and the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer and explore the potential sex-specific relationship.

Biological and genetic characterization of a newly established human primary multidrug-resistant distal cholangiocarcinoma cell line, CBC3T-6.

Distal cholangiocarcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive malignant tumor. The inherent tumor characteristics and growth pattern of cancer cells pose a challenge for diagnosis and treatment. Chemotherapy resistance leads to limited treatment options for patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma.

Exosomes derived from Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell promote hair regrowth in C57BL6 mice through upregulation of the RAS/ERK signaling pathway.

Background And Objectives: Androgenetic alopecia is one of the common types of hair loss and has become a medical and social problem due to its increasingly young onset. Existing therapies, although effective, have serious side effects and therefore better treatments need to be sought. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia and to investigate the mechanism of exosome regulation of hair growth.

Dietary patterns, genetic predisposition, and risk of cholelithiasis: a large-scale prospective cohort study.

Background: Limited epidemiological evidence exists concerning the impact of healthy dietary patterns on reducing the risk of cholelithiasis. We aimed to examine the association of seven established dietary patterns with subsequent cholelithiasis risk and whether this association was modified by genetic risk.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank, including 155,323 participants initially free of cholelithiasis and cholecystectomy.

Gallstone Disease Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From 3 Prospective Cohort Studies.

Introduction: Gallstone diseases affect intestinal inflammation, bile flow, and gut microbiota, which in turn may increase the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, epidemiological studies exploring the associations between gallstone diseases and subsequent IBD risk have been limited.

Methods: This is a combined analysis of 3 prospective cohort studies (Nurses' Health Study, Nurses' Health Study II, and UK Biobank) and replicated in a case-control study (Chinese IBD Etiology Study).

N-acetyltransferase 10 affects the proliferation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and M2-type polarization of macrophages by regulating C-C motif chemokine ligand 2.

Background: N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the current regulatory mechanism of NAT10 in tumors is limited to its presence in tumor cells. Here, we aimed to reveal the role of NAT10 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and investigate its effect on macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Beyond ribosomal function: RPS6 deficiency suppresses cholangiocarcinoma cell growth by disrupting alternative splicing.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a bile duct malignancy with a dismal prognosis. This study systematically investigated the role of the ribosomal protein S6 () gene, which is dependent in CCA. We found that RPS6 upregulation in CCA tissues was correlated with a poor prognosis.

Design of the distribution of iron oxide (FeO) nano-particle drug in realistic cholangiocarcinoma model and the simulation of temperature increase during magnetic induction hyperthermia.

The prognosis for Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is unfavorable, necessitating the development of new therapeutic approach such as magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) which is induced by magnetic nano-particle (MNPs) drug to bridge the treatment gap. Given the deep location of CCA within the abdominal cavity and proximity to vital organs, accurately predict the individualized treatment effects and safety brought by the distribution of MNPs in tumor will be crucial for the advancement of MHT in CCA. The Mimics software was used in this study to conduct three-dimensional reconstruction of abdominal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic reso-nance imaging images from clinical patients, resulting in the generation of a realistic digital geometric model representing the human biliary tract and its adjacent structures.

Individualized prevention of proton pump inhibitor related adverse events by risk stratification.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used for gastric acid-related disorders, but their safety profile and risk stratification for high-burden diseases need further investigation. Analyzing over 2 million participants from five prospective cohorts from the US, the UK, and China, we found that PPI use correlated with increased risk of 15 leading global diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, diabetes, respiratory infections, and chronic kidney disease. These associations showed dose-response relationships and consistency across different PPI types.

Genetic risk, adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, and risk of cholelithiasis: A population-based cohort study.

Objective: Genetic and lifestyles contribute to cholelithiasis, but the impact of adhering to healthy lifestyle on cholelithiasis risk remains uncertain. We aimed to assess combined lifestyle factors and a polygenic risk score on incident cholelithiasis.

Methods: We utilized cholelithiasis genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from FinnGen study, constructing varied polygenic risk score (PRS), and applied them to 317,640 UK Biobank participants.

Purification, identification and Cryo-EM structure of prostatic acid phosphatase in human semen.

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is a glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the hydrolysis of phosphate ester present in prostatic exudates. It is a well-established indicator for prostate cancer due to its elevated serum levels in disease progression. Despite its abundance in semen, PAP's influence on male fertility has not been extensively studied.

High incidence of gallstones after Roux-en-Y reconstruction gastrectomy in gastric cancer: a multicenter, long-term cohort study.

Background: Roux-en-Y reconstruction is a common anastomosis technique during gastrectomy in gastric cancer. There is a lack of studies on gallstones after Roux-en-Y reconstruction gastrectomy. This study investigated the incidence and potential risk factors associated with gallstones after Roux-en-Y reconstructive gastrectomy in gastric cancer.

The gut microbiome dysbiosis and regulation by fecal microbiota transplantation: umbrella review.

Background: Gut microbiome dysbiosis has been implicated in various gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases, but evidence on the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for therapeutic indications remains unclear.

Methods: The gutMDisorder database was used to summarize the associations between gut microbiome dysbiosis and diseases. We performed an umbrella review of published meta-analyses to determine the evidence synthesis on the efficacy and safety of FMT in treating various diseases.

Establishment and characterization of a novel hilar cholangiocarcinoma cell line, CBC3T-1.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a group of malignant heterogeneous cancer arising from the biliary tree. The tumor is characterized by insidious onset, high degree of malignancy, poor prognosis, and high recurrence rate. Immortalized cancer cell lines are the best and easiest models for in vitro cancer research.

A protocol of Chinese expert consensuses for the management of health risk in the general public.

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Robust evidence has demonstrated that modifiable lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are the primary causes of NCDs. Although a series of guidelines for the management of NCDs have been published in China, these guidelines mainly focus on clinical practice targeting clinicians rather than the general population, and the evidence for NCD prevention based on modifiable lifestyle factors has been disorganized.