The Clinical and Genetic Characteristics in Children with Idiopathic Hypogonadotropin Hypogonadism.

Background: Idiopathic hypogonadotropin hypogonadism (IHH) is caused by hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction. This is divided into Kallmann syndrome which has an impaired sense of smell and hypogonadotropin hypogonadism with normal olfactory (nIHH sense. Approximately 60% of patients are associated with Kallmann syndrome, whereas there are approximately 40% with hypogonadotropin hypogonadism (nIHH).

A patient with pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A previously misdiagnosed as hereditary multiple exostosis: A case report.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A (PHP1A), a rare hereditary disorder, is featured by end-organ resistance to parathyroid hormone and Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy. Heterozygous mutation of guanine nucleotide-binding protein α stimulating () gene causes the half decreased bioactivity of the Gsα protein levels. Due to the diverse early clinical manifestations of PHP1A, a diagnosis of PHP1A is often easily overlooked and misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis is common.

Combination of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 for early diagnosis of hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis.

Background: Although early diagnosis and management are critical for prognosis of pediatric sepsis, there are no specific diagnostic biomarkers for the hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction, important stages of sepsis.

Methods: We enrolled 129 children with infection into three groups: non-sepsis infection (33), Sepsis 1.0 (hyperinflammatory state, 67), and Sepsis 3.

Sensation seeking and error processing.

Sensation seeking is defined by a strong need for varied, novel, complex, and intense stimulation, and a willingness to take risks for such experience. Several theories propose that the insensitivity to negative consequences incurred by risks is one of the hallmarks of sensation-seeking behaviors. In this study, we investigated the time course of error processing in sensation seeking by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) while high and low sensation seekers performed an Eriksen flanker task.

The time course of novelty processing in sensation seeking: an ERP study.

Novelty processing is critical for human survival in a rapidly changing environment. However, how and when the orientation attention reflected by novelty processing is modulated by personality elements such as sensation seeking is still opened. The present study investigated the time course of novelty processing in sensation seeking by recording the event-related potentials (ERPs) in a visual novelty oddball task.