Publications by authors named "Wenbao Zhang"

Echinococcosis, a neglected zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus tapeworms, presents significant public health challenges worldwide. Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis has substantial health and economic impacts, necessitating effective prevention and control strategies. The present review provides a framework to expand our knowledge regarding key components of echinococcosis prevention and control, including phases, options, targets and available tools as well as current gaps and challenges in the field.

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Article Synopsis
  • Human alveolar echinococcosis is a challenging parasitic disease that is hard to treat and often untreated, leading to high healthcare costs.
  • Current treatment relies on albendazole, which isn't fully effective and can have serious side effects, highlighting the need for better options.
  • Pyronaridine, an antimalarial drug, has shown promising results in mouse models for treating the disease, significantly reducing parasite size and counts compared to albendazole, and could serve as an alternative therapy, while another compound, pirenzepine, also shows potential for further research.
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Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (E. granulosus), with a worldwide distribution. The current treatment strategy for CE is insufficient.

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With the increasing demand for heat dissipation of engineering vehicles, a dual-cycle cooling system is introduced in this paper to prevent the adverse effects of engineering vehicles' equipment when operating at the overheating temperature. The performance of the new system is analyzed through tests, and the results show that the dual-cycle cooling system can meet the thermal balance requirements of the engineering vehicle during the shovel operation. Compared with the traditional cooling system, the new cooling system improved performance in terms of volume, engine energy consumption and working oil efficiency.

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Immune exhaustion corresponds to a loss of effector function of T cells that associates with cancer or chronic infection. Here, our objective was to decipher the mechanisms involved in the immune suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and to explore the potential to target these cells for immunotherapy to enhance checkpoint blockade efficacy in a chronic parasite infection. We demonstrated that programmed cell-death-1 (PD-1) expression was significantly upregulated and associated with T-cell dysfunction in advanced alveolar echinococcosis (AE) patients and in Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice.

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To solve the separation of multi-source signals and detect their features from a single channel, a signal separation method using multi-constraint non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is proposed. In view of the existing NMF algorithm not performing well in the underdetermined blind source separation, the β-divergence constraints and determinant constraints are introduced in the NMF algorithm, which can enhance local feature information and reduce redundant components by constraining the objective function. In addition, the Sine-bell window function is selected as the processing method for short-time Fourier transform (STFT), and it can preserve the overall feature distribution of the original signal.

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Wetland ecosystems store large amounts of carbon, and CO and CH fluxes from this ecosystem receive the double impact of climate change and human activities. Nonetheless, research on how multi-gradient warming and nitrogen and phosphorus additions affect these wetland greenhouse gas emissions is still limited, particularly in alpine wetland ecosystems. Therefore, we conducted a field experiment on the Tibetan Plateau wetlands, investigating the effects of warming and nitrogen and phosphorus additions on the CO and CH fluxes in alpine wetlands.

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Background: Although ultrasonography (US) has been widely used in the diagnosis of human diseases to monitor the progress of cystic echinococcosis (CE) control, the screening method for hepatic CE in sheep flocks requires adjustment. In this study, we used a US scanner to screen sheep flocks and evaluated the efficacy of dosing dogs once a year with praziquantel for 7 years from 2014 to 2021.

Methods: All sheep in the three flocks were screened using an ultrasound scanner in 2014 and compared with the prevalence of infection in 2021 in Bayinbuluke, Xinjiang, China.

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Epigenetic alterations promote cancer development by regulating the expression of various oncogenes and anti-oncogenes. Histone methylation modification represents a pivotal area in epigenetic research and numerous publications have demonstrated that aberrant histone methylation is highly correlated with tumorigenesis and development. As a key histone demethylase, lysine-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B) demethylates lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) and serves as a transcriptional repressor of certain tumor suppressor genes.

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In this paper, a precise and efficient method to optimize corrugated tube heat exchangers is proposed by combining computational fluid dynamics simulation with optimization. The optimization of tubular heat exchangers involves contradictory Colburn coefficient , and the friction coefficient , so it is a multi-objective optimization problem. The approximate model is obtained by an extreme learning machine, and the structure parameter of the heat exchanger is optimized by the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ.

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An electrochemical oxidative cross-coupling strategy for the synthesis of -sulfenylsulfoximines from sulfoximines and thiols was accomplished, giving diverse -sulfenylsulfoximines in moderate to good yields. Moreover, this strategy can be extended to construct the N-P bond of -phosphinylated sulfoximines. With electrons as reagents, the oxidative dehydrogenation cross-coupling reaction proceeds smoothly in the absence of traditional redox reagents.

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A mild method for the C-H/S-H coupling of pyrazol-5-amines and thiophenols was developed via electrochemistry, giving diverse amino pyrazole thioether derivatives in 37-98% yields. This electrochemical reaction is sustainable and an atom-efficient approach with good functional group tolerance and scalability by avoiding metal and external chemical oxidants.

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Anthocyanins are the primary functional pigments in the diet. However, anthocyanins exhibit instability during digestion, coupled with limited bioavailability. Microencapsulation offers anthocyanins a sheltered environment, enhancing their stability and bioactivity.

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Purpose: To increase pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) treatment adherence in Xinjiang Region, an electronic DOTS (eDOTS) system developed was applied and evaluated.

Methods: An eDOTS system comprised electronic medicine boxes, mobile phones and a central processing platform. Between April and June 2016, persons with active PTB (PAPTB) were recruited from villages and a city and were prescribed a six-month course of antibiotics using either DOTS or eDOTS.

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Objective: To evaluate the brucellosis detection of the dipstick assay coated with LPS antigen from Brucella melitensis vaccine strain M5 compared with Rose Bengal test (RB) and serum agglutination test (SAT), and investigate the brucella infection with the dipstick assay among people with unexplained fever in farming-pastoral areas of Xinjiang, China.

Methods: The dipstick assay was repeated to verify 130 positive and 200 negative serum samples, which had been confirmed by RB and SAT, for sensitivity and specificity analysis. Subsequently, 313 sera from people with unexplained fever in farming-pastoral areas including 6 counties in 3 regions where brucellosis is endemic and 200 sera from nonendemic city area (Urumqi City) in Xinjiang were detected with the dipstick assay for population infection rate survey.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a serious parasitic disease that mainly impacts the liver and currently has limited treatment options, prompting researchers to explore better drug delivery methods.
  • - In this study, biocompatible PLGA nanoparticles were developed to encapsulate a new anti-AE drug, H1402, demonstrating high encapsulation efficiency and enhanced delivery to liver tissue.
  • - The results showed that H1402-loaded nanoparticles significantly decreased parasite levels in infected mice and had improved therapeutic effects with reduced toxicity compared to free H1402 and traditional treatments like albendazole.
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Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is caused by the metacestode of , which shows characteristics of malignant tumors with high mortality. However, traditional diagnostic imaging methods are still not sufficient for the recognition of HAE microlesions in the early stages. Near-infrared-II (900-1700 nm, NIR-II) fluorescence microscopic imaging (NIR-II-FMI) has shown great potential for biomedical detection.

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Parasitic flatworms infect diverse vertebrates and are major threats to animal and even human health; however, little is known about the virome of these lower life forms. Using viral metagenomic sequencing, we characterized the virome of the parasitic flatworms collected from major domestic animals, including Dicrocoelium lanceatum and Taenia hydatigena, Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis. Seven and three different viruses were discovered from and , respectively, and no viral sequences were found in adult tapeworms and protoscoleces of and E.

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic endocrine disruptor that induces metabolic disorders. Cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G) has multiple functional activities and is the most abundant anthocyanin belonging to the flavonoid subgroup. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of C3G on BPA-induced liver lipid metabolism disorder and explore its mechanism via lipidomics analysis.

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Hydroxyphenyl-pyranoanthocyanins (PACNs), derived from anthocyanins (ACNs) reacted with hydroxycinnamic acids, have higher practical application value because of better physicochemical stability than their precursors. However, the slow formation rate restricted their broader applications. In the present study, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) was chosen to react with four kinds of hydroxycinnamic acids in a model solution.

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The emergence of a new type of COVID-19 patients, who were retested positive after hospital discharge with long-term persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection but without COVID-19 clinical symptoms (hereinafter, LTPPs), poses novel challenges to COVID-19 treatment and prevention. Why was there such a contradictory phenomenon in LTPPs? To explore the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we performed quantitative proteomic analyses using the sera of 12 LTPPs (Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital), with the longest carrying history of 132 days, and mainly focused on 7 LTPPs without hypertension (LTPPs-NH). The results showed differential serum protein profiles between LTPPs/LTPPs-NH and health controls.

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Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic disease characterized by inflammation-related epithelial barrier damage in the intestinal tract. Helminth infection reduces autoimmune disease symptoms through regulation of inflammatory responses based on hygiene theory. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

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