Maize leaf-removal: A new agronomic approach to increase dry matter, flower number and seed-yield of soybean in maize soybean relay intercropping system.

Shading conditions adversely affect flower-number and pod-number of soybeans under maize-soybean relay-intercropping (MS). Here we reveal that leaf-removal from maize-canopy improves the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance and dry-matter production (DMP) of soybean (especially during the co-growth phase), and compensates the maize seed-yield loss by considerably increasing soybean seed-yield. In a two-year experiment with MS, maize-plants were subjected to different leaf-removal treatments to increase the PAR-transmittance of soybean; removal of the topmost two-leaves (R2), four-leaves (R4), six-leaves (R6), with no-removal of leaves (R0).

[Long-term clinical effect of the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with different molecular biological features].

Objective: To study the long-term clinical effect of the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in the treatment of children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with different molecular biological features.

Methods: A total of 940 children who were newly diagnosed with ALL were enrolled in this study. The children were treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen.

Exosome-like nanoplatform modified with targeting ligand improves anti-cancer and anti-inflammation effects of imperialine.

Currently, most anti-cancer therapies are still haunted by serious and deleterious adverse effects. Here, we report a highly biocompatible tumor cell-targeting delivery systems utilizing exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) that delivers a low-toxicity anti-cancer agent imperialine against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First, we introduced a novel micelle-aided method to efficiently load imperialine into intact ELVs.

Shelf life prediction and food safety risk assessment of an innovative whole soybean curd based on predictive models.

The aim of the present study is to predict the shelf life and evaluate the risk profile of an innovative whole soybean curd (WSC). Two main spoilage strains were isolated from spoiled WSC and identified as and . The origin analysis confirmed that and originated from soybean materials and survived in soybean curd.

Comparison of Transcriptome Differences in Soybean Response to Soybean Mosaic Virus under Normal Light and in the Shade.

Shading in the intercropping system is a major abiotic factor which influences soybean growth and development, while soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a biotic factor that limits the yield and quality of soybean. However, little is known about the defense response of soybean to SMV in the shade. Thus, in the current study, both intensity and quality (red:far-red, R:FR) of the light were changed to simulate the shaded environment and comparative transcriptome analysis was performed.

Asymmetric retro-[1,4]-Brook rearrangement of 3-silyl allyloxysilanes chirality transfer from silicon to carbon.

An asymmetric retro-[1,4]-Brook rearrangement of 3-silyl allyloxysilanes has been developed Si-to-C chirality transfer. Mechanistic studies reveal that the silyl group migrates with retention of configuration. The stereochemical outcome of the newly formed stereogenic carbon center, which has remained a longstanding question, is also clarified, suggesting a diastereoselective Si to C chirality transfer without loss of enantiomeric excess.

[Clinical features and prognosis of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and different platelet levels].

Objective: To study the association of platelet level at diagnosis with prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: A total of 892 children with ALL who underwent chemotherapy with the CCLG-ALL 2008 regimen were enrolled. According to the platelet count at diagnosis, these children were divided into normal platelet count group (platelet count ≥100×109/L; n=263) and thrombocytopenia group (platelet count <100×10/L; n=629).

Pre-treatment of salicylic acid enhances resistance of soybean seedlings to Fusarium solani.

Pre-treatment of soybean seedlings with 200 μM salicylic acid before fungal inoculation significantly alleviated disease resistance in soybean seedlings against Fusarium solani infection. Sudden death syndrome of soybean is largely caused by Fusarium solani (F. solani).

Growth and development of soybean under changing light environments in relay intercropping system.

Background: Maize-soybean relay-intercropping (MS) is a famous system of crop production in developing countries. However, maize shading under this system directly affects the light quality and intensity of soybean canopy. This is a challenging scenario in which to implement the MS system, in terms of varieties selection, planting pattern, and crop management since the duration of crop resource utilization clearly differs.

Drought Tolerance of Soybean ( L. Merr.) by Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics and an Efficient Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Under a Split-Root System.

Water deficiency significantly affects photosynthetic characteristics. However, there is little information about variations in antioxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean under imbalanced water deficit conditions (WDC). We therefore investigated the changes in photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, total soluble protein, Rubisco activity (RA), and enzymatic activities of two soybean varieties subjected to four different types of imbalanced WDC under a split-root system.

Genome-wide identification of GRF transcription factors in soybean and expression analysis of GmGRF family under shade stress.

Background: The Growth-regulating factor (GRF) family encodes plant-specific transcription factors which contain two conserved domains, QLQ and WRC. Members of this family play vital roles in plant development and stress response processes. Although GRFs have been identified in various plant species, we still know little about the GRF family in soybean (Glycine max).

Ginsenoside Rb1 improves learning and memory ability through its anti-inflammatory effect in Aβ induced Alzheimer's disease of rats.

This study measured amyloid-beta (Aβ), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rat models to elucidate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of ginsenoside Rb1 in AD. Eighty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups, learning and memory impairment was induced by Ap to establish AD rat model. Learning and memory abilities were assessed by a Morris water maze experiment.

Involvement of carbohydrates in long-term light-dependent systemic regulation on photosynthesis of maize under light heterogeneity.

It is widely recognized that different parts of a plant can communicate with each other via light-dependent long-distance signaling under heterogeneous light conditions. However, the mechanism of such systemic signaling has not been revealed yet. Our studies on different species suggest the involvement of carbohydrates in light-dependent systemic regulation between different parts of a plant under both short- and long-term light heterogeneity.

Predicting response to porcine antilymphocyte globulin plus cyclosporine A in children with acquired severe aplastic anemia.

Background: In severe aplastic anemia (SAA), predictive markers of response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) of porcine antilymphocyte globulin (pALG) have not been well defined. We investigated whether clinical and laboratory findings before treatment could predict response in a pediatric cohort.

Methods: In this study, we included 70 newly diagnosed SAA children and treated them with pALG.

Intensity dependent disruptive effects of light at night on activation of the HPG axis of tree sparrows (Passer montanus).

Artificial light at night (ALAN) has become increasingly recognized as a disruptor of the reproductive endocrine process and behavior of wild birds. However, there is no evidence that ALAN directly disrupt the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and no information on the effects of different ALAN intensities on birds. We experimentally tested whether ALAN affects reproductive endocrine activation in the HPG axis of birds, and whether this effect is related to the intensity of ALAN, in wild tree sparrows (Passer montanus).

Effect of planting patterns on yield, nutrient accumulation and distribution in maize and soybean under relay intercropping systems.

Planting patterns affect nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) acquisition and distribution in maize and soybean under intercropping conditions. Here we reveal that strip relay-intercropping increases the N, P, and K uptake and distribution across plant organs (root, straw, and seed) of maize and soybean, accelerates the dry-matter production of intercrop-species, and compensates the slight maize yield loss by considerably increasing the soybean yield. In a two-year experiment, soybean was planted with maize in different planting patterns (SI, 50:50 cm and SII, 40:160 cm) of relay-intercropping, both planting patterns were compared with sole cropping of maize (SM) and soybean (SS).

Interactions Between Light Intensity and Phosphorus Nutrition Affect the P Uptake Capacity of Maize and Soybean Seedling in a Low Light Intensity Area.

To capture more nutrients, root systems of maize ( L.) and soybean ( L.) exhibit morphological and physiological plasticity to a localized supply of phosphorus (P).

Narrow-wide row planting pattern improves the light environment and seed yields of intercrop species in relay intercropping system.

Different planting patterns affect the light interception of intercrops under intercropping conditions. Here we revealed that narrow-wide-row relay-intercropping improves the light interception across maize leaves in wide rows (60cm) and narrow rows (40cm), accelerated the biomass production of intercrop-species and compensated the slight maize yield loss by considerably increasing the soybean yield. In a two-year experiment, maize was planted with soybean in different planting patterns (1M1S, 50:50cm and 2M2S, 40:60cm) of relay-intercropping, both planting patterns were compared with sole cropping of maize (M) and soybean (S).

Genetic map construction and QTL analysis of leaf-related traits in soybean under monoculture and relay intercropping.

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important food and oil crop widely planted by intercropping in southwest China. The shade caused by intercropping changes plant growth traits, such as soybean leaf and dry mass, thereby reducing yields.

Qingxin kaiqiao fang ameliorates memory impairment and inhibits apoptosis in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice through the MAPK pathway.

Background: Qingxin kaiqiao fang (QKF) has been found to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) through apoptosis inhibition. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is closely related to apoptosis in the course of AD. This study aimed to investigate whether QKF-induced apoptosis depression is achieved through MAPK pathway.

Genetic evolutionary analysis of soybean mosaic virus populations from three geographic locations in China based on the P1 and CP genes.

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the major pathogens causing serious soybean losses. Little is known about the genetic structure and evolutionary biology of the SMV population in southwestern China. In this study, 29 SMV isolates were obtained from Sichuan Province, and the genomic regions encoding the first protein (P1) and coat protein (CP) were sequenced.

Application of transglutaminase for quality improvement of whole soybean curd.

To improve the quality of whole soybean curd (WSC), effects of compound coagulants consisting of calcium chloride (CaCl) and transglutaminase (TGase) were investigated. The results showed that TGase modified the water distribution and reduced the cooking loss of WSC, accompanying with increased water holding capacity. The bloom value of WSC was upgraded as the TGase concentration increased.

Microbial community and fermentation characteristic of Italian ryegrass silage prepared with corn stover and lactic acid bacteria.

The bacterial community determined via PacBio single molecule, real-time sequencing technology (SMRT) and the fermentation characteristics of Italian ryegrass (IR, 82% moisture) silage prepared with corn stover (CS) were investigated. A selected strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (L694) and a commercial inoculant stain of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) were used as additives. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) effectively improved silage quality.

InGaAs/InP multi-quantum-well nanowires with a lower optical leakage loss on v-groove-patterned SOI substrates.

InGaAs/InP multi-quantum-well nanowires were directly grown on the v-groove-patterned SOI substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. The surface morphology of the nanowires, the thickness of the quantum wells, and the photoluminescence spectra were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and micro-photoluminescence, respectively. We found in the experiments that the work of removing part of top Si on both sides of the nanowire to further reduce the optical leakage loss could be completed perfectly without complicated processes, such as a lithography process.