[Characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen, and water of plantation along different vegetation restoration years in alpine sandy region].

As the most effective way to remedy and reconstruct the degraded ecosystems, vegetation restoration could affect soil carbon and nitrogen cycles and water balance. We examined the responses of carbon, nitrogen, and water in 0-200 cm soil layer to vegetation restoration years by analyzing their distribution characteristics across a restoration chronosequence of plantation (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 years) in alpine sandy region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that the content and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) increased significantly, while that of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) decreased significantly with restoration years.

Mechanism of decolorization and degradation of direct brown D3G by a halo-thermophilic consortium.

Azo dye wastewater has garnered significant attention from researchers because of its association with high-temperature, high-salt, and high-alkali conditions. In this study, consortium ZZ efficiently decolorized brown D3G under halophilic and thermophilic conditions. he results indicated that consortium ZZ, which was mainly dominated by Marinobacter, Bacillus, and Halomonas, was achieved decolorization rates ranging from 1 to 10% at temperatures between 40 °C and 50 °C, while maintaining a pH range of 7 to 10 for direct brown D3G degradation.

ZygoPlanner: A three-stage graphics-based framework for optimal preoperative planning of zygomatic implant placement.

Zygomatic implant surgery is an essential treatment option of oral rehabilitation for patients with severe maxillary defect, and preoperative planning is an important approach to enhance the surgical outcomes. However, the current planning still heavily relies on manual interventions, which is labor-intensive, experience-dependent, and poorly reproducible. Therefore, we propose ZygoPlanner, a pioneering efficient preoperative planning framework for zygomatic implantation, which may be the first solution that seamlessly involves the positioning of zygomatic bones, the generation of alternative paths, and the computation of optimal implantation paths.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate Mn phytotoxicity by altering Mn subcellular distribution and chemical forms in .

Introduction: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can relieve manganese (Mn) phytotoxicity and promote plant growth under Mn stress, but their roles remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, inoculated with or without AMF () under different Mn concentrations (0 mmol/L, 1 mmol/L, 5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L, and 20 mmol/L) was cultivated via a pot experiment, and plant biomass, physiological and biochemical characteristics, manganese absorption, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms of Mn were examined.

Results: The results showed that root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, and total individual biomass decreased under high Mn concentrations (above 10 mmol/L), and the inoculated plants had higher biomass than the uninoculated plants.

The microbial co-infection interaction network in apical periodontitis with sinus tracts.

Objectives: This study aims to characterize the bacterial co-occurrence features and potential interactions associated with the presence of sinus tracts in apical periodontitis in a Chinese population by using 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Methods: Thirty-one samples from twenty-six patients were collected from root canals. Following the extraction of the bacterial DNA, the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced.

Bone metabolism associated with annual antler regeneration: a deer insight into osteoporosis reversal.

Osteoporosis, a metabolic disorder, remains challenging to treat due to limited understanding of its underlying mechanism. The annual cycle of "cyclic physiological osteoporosis (CPO)" and its full reversal in male deer represents a unique natural model for studying this condition. Deer antlers, weighing up to 25 kg/pair, derive over 60% of their mineral contents from deer skeleton during mineralization.

Antibacterial activity against pathogenic and cytotoxicity on human hepatocyte of nano-silver prepared by polysaccharide-protein complexes.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are potential antibacterial agents against pathogenic bacteria in the field of public health, yet their widespread use is limited by dispersibility and biocompatibility. In a previous study, highly dispersible AgNPs were fabricated using a polysaccharide-protein complex (PSP) obtained from the viscera . In this study, the antibacterial activity of PSP-AgNPs against pathogenic and its cytotoxicity for human hepatocytes (LO2) was evaluated.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of cucumber fruit tissues reveals novel regulatory genes in ascorbic acid biosynthesis.

Ascorbic acid (AsA) is one of the most abundant natural antioxidants, and it is an important indicator of the nutritional value of cucumber fruit. The aim of this study was to elucidate the regulatory mechanism affecting AsA metabolism in cucumber fruit. In this study, the AsA content in the fruit of two cucumber cultivars (H28 and H105) was significantly higher in the exocarp and endocarp than in the mesocarp.

Effectiveness of pulpotomy in managing carious exposure in mature permanent teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This quantitative systematic review evaluated whether pulpotomy performed with hydraulic calcium silicate cements may be used as an alternative to root canal treatment (RCT) in mature permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure.

Data Sources: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. No language restrictions were applied.

Comparative Analysis and Future Prospects of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Trophoblast Cell-Surface Antigen 2 (Trop-2) Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women globally, presenting significant challenges in therapeutic strategies due to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and adverse side effects. Recent advances in targeted therapies, particularly antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), have shown promise in addressing these challenges by selectively targeting tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of two innovative ADCs targeting HER2 and Trop-2, which are critical markers in various breast cancer subtypes.

Gapped and Rotated Grain Boundary Revealed in Ultra-Small Au Nanoparticles for Enhancing Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Although gapped grain boundaries have often been observed in bulk and nanosized materials, and their crucial roles in some physical and chemical processes have been confirmed, their acquisition at ultrasmall nanoscale presents a significant challenge. To date, they had not been reported in metal nanoparticles smaller than 2 nm owing to the difficulty in characterization and the high instability of grain boundary (GB) atoms. Herein, we have successfully developed a synthesis method for producing a novel chiral nanocluster Au(TBBT) (TBBT=4-tert-butylphenylthiolate) with a 26-atom gapped and rotated GB.

Postoperative PFME versus PFME alone for moderate SUI in pre-menopause women and influencing factors: a comparative effectiveness study.

Purpose: To explore the effectiveness of sling surgery followed by pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME) or PFME alone for moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women and its influencing factors.

Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study investigating whether sling surgery or PFME is preferred for pre-menopause women with moderate uncomplicated SUI. Those who received PFME alone or sling surgery were divided to PT or TVT group, respectively.

Study on the metabolic effects of hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] on rat astrocytes using un-targeted metabolomics.

Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] has been identified as a human carcinogen and environmental pollutant capable of affecting multiple systems in the human body. However, the specific mechanisms by which Cr (VI) affects the human nervous system remain unclear. Following confirmation of Cr (VI)'s toxic effects on rat astrocytes, this study explores the metabolites and associated metabolic pathways of rat astrocytes under different doses of Cr (VI) exposure.

Identification of Gene Polymorphisms, Expression and Their Relationship with Body Size Traits in Guizhou White Goat () with Different Genders.

To investigate the nucleotide variation sites (SNPs) and expression differences of the fatty acid synthase gene () in Guizhou white goats, the relationship between the variation and body size traits was investigated. In this study, DNA was extracted from the blood of 100 samples of white goats from different regions in Guizhou province, China, and the variation sites were screened using pooled sequencing by mixing DNA samples, and 242 blood samples with body size traits were used for association analysis. The allele frequency, genotype frequency, homozygosity, heterozygosity and effective gene number were calculated by using PopGene 32.

Concomitant Near-Infrared Photothermy and Photoluminescence of Rod-Shaped Au(PET) and Au(PET) Synthesized Concurrently.

Gold nanoclusters exhibiting concomitant photothermy (PT) and photoluminescence (PL) under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation are rarely reported, and some fundamental issues remain unresolved for such materials. Herein, we concurrently synthesized two novel rod-shaped Au nanoclusters, Au(PET) and Au(PET) (PET = 2-phenylethanethiolate), and precisely revealed that their kernels were 4 × 4 × 6 and 5 × 4 × 6 face-centered cubic (fcc) structures, respectively, based on the numbers of Au layers in the [100], [010], and [001] directions. Following the structural growth mode from Au(PET) to Au(PET), we predicted six more novel nanoclusters.

Clinical features and mutational spectrum of Chinese patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 2.

Primary hyperoxaluria type 2 (PH2) is a rare hereditary disease that causes nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis and kidney failure. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and mutational spectrum of Chinese patients with PH2. A retrospective cohort study was performed on PH2 patients admitted to our center over seven years.

Enhanced bone regeneration by osteoinductive and angiogenic zein/whitlockite composite scaffolds loaded with levofloxacin.

Promoting angiogenesis following biomaterial implantation is essential to bone tissue regeneration. Herein, the composite scaffolds composed of zein, whitlockite (WH), and levofloxacin (LEVO) were fabricated to augment bone repair by facilitating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. First, three-dimensional composite scaffolds containing zein and WH were prepared using the salt-leaching method.

A combination of laparoscopy and bilateral uterine artery occlusion for the treatment of type II cesarean scar pregnancy: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: We investigated the efficacy of a combination of laparoscopy and bilateral uterine artery occlusion (BUAO) for the treatment of type II cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).

Methods: Patients with type II CSP underwent laparoscopy + bilateral uterine artery embolization (control group) or laparoscopy + BUAO (study group). Data regarding the duration of surgery, intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative complications, the duration of the hospital stay, and the costs of hospitalization were retrospectively collected.

Identification of hypoxic macrophages in glioblastoma with therapeutic potential for vasculature normalization.

Monocyte-derived tumor-associated macrophages (Mo-TAMs) intensively infiltrate diffuse gliomas with remarkable heterogeneity. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we chart a spatially resolved transcriptional landscape of Mo-TAMs across 51 patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type glioblastomas or IDH-mutant gliomas. We characterize a Mo-TAM subset that is localized to the peri-necrotic niche and skewed by hypoxic niche cues to acquire a hypoxia response signature.