Poly(lactide)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/carbon nanotubes composites with robust mechanical properties, fatigue-resistance and dielectric properties.

A styrene-glycidylmethacrylate-1-allyl-3-vinylimidazole epoxy functionalized ionomer (EFI) was synthesized, and the EFI and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were co-introduced into poly(lactide)/poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephtalate) (PLA/PBAT) blends to fabricate high performance composites with excellent mechanical properties, fatigue-resistance and dielectric properties. It is revealed that EFI can improve the interaction force between PLA and PBAT by inducing the interfacial crosslink reaction, thereby improving the melt strength of the samples. EFI can also refine the dispersion of CNT in the composites owing to the non-covalent force between EFI and CNT, promote the formation of filler network inside composites, which is demonstrated by DMA and rheological test results.

Multimodal nanoenzyme-linked aptamer assay for Salmonella typhimurium based on catalysis and photothermal effect of PB@Au.

A composite nanomaterial of Prussian blue@gold nanoparticles (PB@Au) with catalytic and photothermal properties was proposed, which combined with anti-matrix interference aptamers to achieve robust specificity and sensitivity in the detection of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The detection probe, PB@Au-Aptamer (PB@Au-Apt), was designed to exhibit high specificity for the target and catalyze the signal generation to produce a color change, thereby enabling rapid detection.

New drug discovery and development from natural products: Advances and strategies.

Natural products (NPs) have a long history as sources for drug discovery, more than half of approved drugs are related to NPs, which also exhibit multifaceted advantages in the clinical treatment of complex diseases. However, bioactivity screening of NPs, target identification, and design optimization require continuously improved strategies, the complexity of drug mechanism of action and the limitations of technological strategies pose numerous challenges to the development of new drugs. This review begins with an overview of bioactivity- and target-based drug development patterns for NPs, advances in NP screening and derivatization, and the advantages and problems of major targets such as genes and proteins.

Calcium alginate/Polyaniline double network aerogel electrode for compressible and high electrochemical performance integrated supercapacitors.

As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitors have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent performance. However, the current electrode materials have limited specific surface area and cannot meet the needs of high energy storage. The aerogel material is a 3D network structure containing interconnected micro-nano structures, and also has hierarchical pores on the micro, meso and macro scales.

Strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody and anti-CTLA-4 antibody in cancer therapy.

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody, and anti-CTLA-4 antibody) have displayed considerable success in the treatment of malignant tumors, the therapeutic effect is still unsatisfactory for a portion of patients. Therefore, it is imperative to develop strategies to enhance the effect of these ICIs. Increasing evidence strongly suggests that the key to this issue is to transform the tumor immune microenvironment from a state of no or low immune infiltration to a state of high immune infiltration and enhance the tumor cell-killing effect of T cells.

Predictive value of serum alanine aminotransferase for fatty liver associated with metabolic dysfunction.

In this editorial, we offer commentary on the article published by Chen in a recent issue of the (2024; 30: 1346-1357). The study highlights a noteworthy association between persistently elevated, yet high-normal levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and an escalated cumulative risk of developing metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). MAFLD has emerged as a globally prevalent chronic liver condition, whose incidence is steadily rising in parallel with improvements in living standards.

Machine learning-based prediction of vancomycin concentration after abdominal administration in patients with peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis.

Introduction: Peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), in which insufficient control of antibacterial drug concentrations poses a significant risk for poor outcomes. Predicting antibacterial drug concentrations is crucial in clinical practice. The limitations imposed by compartment models have presented a considerable challenge.

Unravelling structure evolution of dissolved organic matter during oxidation by persulfate: Insights from aromaticity and fluorescence analysis.

Persulfate advanced oxidation technology is widely utilized for remediating organic-contaminated groundwater. Post-remediation by persulfate oxidation, the aromaticity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater is significantly reduced. Nevertheless, the evolution trends of aromaticity and related structural changes in DOM remained unclear.

Breaking the Activity-Selectivity Trade-off for CH-to-CH Photoconversion.

Photocatalytic conversion of methane (CH) to ethane (CH) has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry. Typically, the traditional oxidative coupling of CH (OCM) reaches a high CH productivity, yet the inevitable overoxidation limits the target product selectivity. Although the traditional nonoxidative coupling of CH (NOCM) can improve the product selectivity, it still encounters unsatisfied activity, arising from being thermodynamically unfavorable.

Light-Driven C-C Coupling for Targeted Synthesis of CH COOH with Nearly 100 % Selectivity from CO.

Targeted synthesis of acetic acid (CH COOH) from CO photoreduction under mild conditions mainly limits by the kinetic challenge of the C-C coupling. Herein, we utilized doping engineering to build charge-asymmetrical metal pair sites for boosted C-C coupling, enhancing the activity and selectivity of CO photoreduction towards CH COOH. As a prototype, the Pd doped Co O atomic layers are synthesized, where the established charge-asymmetrical cobalt pair sites are verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy spectra.

Fabrication of bioactive glass/phosphorylated chitosan composite scaffold and its effects on MC3T3-E1 cells.

This study aimed to synthesize bioactive glass (BG) and phosphorylated chitosan (PCS), and fabricate a BG/PCS composite scaffold. The physical properties (mechanical strength, swelling degree, and degradation rate) of the BG/PCS scaffold were tested. Themineralization properties of composite scaffolds in simulated body fluid were investigated.

A chitosan-based conductive double network hydrogel doped by tannic acid-reduced graphene oxide with excellent stretchability and high sensitivity for wearable strain sensors.

Conductive hydrogels usually suffer from weak mechanical properties and are easily destroyed, resulting in limited applications in flexible electronics. Concurrently, adding conductive additives to the hydrogel solution increases the probability of agglomeration and uneven dispersion issues. In this study, the biocompatible natural polymer chitosan was used as the network substrate.

Total flavonoids extracted from Pursh mitigates CCl-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats via inactivation of TLR4-MyD88-mediated NF-κB pathways and regulation of liver metabolism.

Pursh (PCP) is widely utilized in China to treat a variety of liver diseases. It has been shown that flavonoids inhibit inflammation and have the potential to attenuate tissue damage and fibrosis. However, the mechanisms underlying how total flavonoids isolated from PCP (TFPCP) exert their anti-fibrotic effects remain unclear.

Potential Application of Intestinal Organoids in Intestinal Diseases.

To accurately reveal the scenario and mecahnism of gastrointestinal diseases, the establishment of in vitro models of intestinal diseases and drug screening platforms have become the focus of attention. Over the past few decades, animal models and immortalized cell lines have provided valuable but limited insights into gastrointestinal research. In recent years, the development of intestinal organoid culture system has revolutionized in vitro studies of intestinal diseases.

CTRP3 inhibits myocardial fibrosis through the P2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in SHR rats.

Background And Purpose: Reducing hypertensive myocardial fibrosis is the fundamental approach to preventing hypertensive ventricular remodelling. C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is closely associated with hypertension. However, the role and mechanism of CTRP3 in hypertensive myocardial fibrosis are unclear.

TRIP6 disrupts tight junctions to promote metastasis and drug resistance and is a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Metastasis is the primary cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 6 (TRIP6) is an adaptor protein that regulates cell motility. Here, we aim to elucidate the role of TRIP6 in driving CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.

PDZK1 improves ventricular remodeling in hypertensive rats by regulating the stability of the Mas receptor.

Ventricular remodeling is one of the main causes of mortality from heart failure due to hypertension. Exploring its mechanism and finding therapeutic targets have become urgent scientific problems to be solved. A number of studies have shown that Mas, as an Ang-(1-7) specific receptor, was significantly reduced in myocardial tissue of rats undergoing hypertensive ventricular remodeling.

Preparation and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of N-Doped SiC Nanowires.

Enhancing the conductivity loss of SiC nanowires through doping is beneficial for improving their electromagnetic wave absorption performance. In this work, N-doped SiC nanowires were synthesized using three different methods. The results indicate that a large amount of SiON will be generated during the microwave synthesis of SiC nanowires in a nitrogen atmosphere.