Microglia heterogeneity during neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the mouse retina.

Microglia play important roles in maintaining homeostasis and immunoreactive defense in the central nervous system including retina. To accomplish such a wide range of functions, microglia are highly heterogeneous. Dark microglia (DM) were recently identified by electron microscopy (EM).

Amodiaquine ameliorates stress-induced premature cellular senescence via promoting SIRT1-mediated HR repair.

DNA damage is considered to be a potentially unifying driver of ageing, and the stalling of DNA damage repair accelerates the cellular senescence. However, augmenting DNA repair has remained a great challenge due to the intricate repair mechanisms specific for multiple types of lesions. Herein, we miniaturized our modified detecting system for homologous recombination (HR) into a 96-well-based platform and performed a high-throughput chemical screen for FDA-approved drugs.

LncRNA LINC01664 promotes cancer resistance through facilitating homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair.

The intracellular responses to DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair are crucial for genomic stability and play an essential role in cancer resistance. In addition to canonical DSB repair proteins, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be involved in this sophisticated network. In the present study, we performed a loss-of-function screen for a customized siRNA Premix Library to identify lncRNAs that participate in homologous recombination (HR) process.

Retinal ganglion cell type-specific expression of synuclein family members revealed by scRNA-sequencing.

Synuclein family members (Snca, Sncb, and Scng) are expressed in the retina, but their precise locations and roles are poorly understood. We performed an extensive analysis of the single-cell transcriptome in healthy and injured retinas to investigate their expression patterns and roles. We observed the expression of all synuclein family members in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which remained consistent across species (human, mouse, and chicken).

Preparation of Retinal Samples for Volume Electron Microscopy.

Volume electron microscopy (Volume EM) has emerged as a powerful tool for visualizing the 3D structure of cells and tissues with nanometer-level precision. Within the retina, various types of neurons establish synaptic connections in the inner and outer plexiform layers. While conventional EM techniques have yielded valuable insights into retinal subcellular organelles, their limitation lies in providing 2D image data, which can hinder accurate measurements.

Association between coffee and tea consumption and ovarian cancer incidence: A prospective analysis in the PLCO dataset.

Epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between coffee and tea consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer (OC) is inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to quantitatively investigate this topic in a large prospective cohort study. This cohort study included 24,715 individuals recruited from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trials between 1993 and 2001.

Cell-specific localization of β-synuclein in the mouse retina.

β-synuclein, a member of the synuclein family, is frequently co-expressed with α-synuclein in the neural system, where it serves to inhibit abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein in neurodegenerative diseases. Beyond its role in pathological conditions, β-synuclein plays various functions independently of α-synuclein. In our investigation, we discovered a broader expression of β-synuclein in the mouse retina compared to α-synuclein.

Bleomycin induces senescence and repression of DNA repair via downregulation of Rad51.

Background: Bleomycin, a potent antitumor agent, is limited in clinical use due to the potential for fatal pulmonary toxicity. The accelerated DNA damage and senescence in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) is considered a key factor in the development of lung pathology. Understanding the mechanisms for bleomycin-induced lung injury is crucial for mitigating its adverse effects.

Design and fabrication of MoO-intercalated LDH nanosheets coated on CoS nanotubes with enhanced cycling stability for high-performance supercapacitors.

Transition metal sulfides are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their excellent electrochemical performance and high conductivity. Unfortunately, the low rate performance and poor cycling stability limited their progress towards commercial applications. Herein, the core-shell structure of MoO-intercalated LDHs coated on CoS nanotubes was rationally designed and prepared to improve their electrochemical performance and cycling stability by adjusting the composition of LDHs.

The impact of lymphadenectomy on the survival outcomes of ovarian clear cell carcinoma: A retrospective study of the SEER database and Chinese registry.

Background: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a rare pathological type of ovarian cancer with a poor prognosis, and lymphadenectomy is controversial in patients with OCCC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of lymphadenectomy on the prognosis of patients with OCCC.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and institutional registries in China.

Electron-Redistributed NiCo@NiFe-LDH Core-Shell Heterostructure for Significantly Enhancing Electrochemical Water Splitting.

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are some of the most promising precursors for the development of economically stable and efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting. An effective strategy for designing excellent performance electrocatalysts is to assemble core-shell heterostructures with a tunable electronic structure. In this work, three core-shell heterostructure electrocatalysts (NiCo@NiFe-LDH100/150/200) are developed by a simple hydrothermal and subsequent electrodeposition method on Ni foam.

Precise design and synthesis of hollow CoS@CoNi-LDH heterostructure for high-performance supercapacitors.

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and metal sulfides (MSs) have been widely used as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors, and the rational architectural design of MS/LDH heterogeneous structures is critical to optimize large energy storage. Herein, a precisely designed hollow CoS nanotubes@CoNi-LDH nanosheet heterostructure on Ni foam, facilely prepared by an ingenious strategy in this CoS nanoarray was first used as the self-sacrificing template and metal source to synthesize Co-ZIF-67 polyhedron to form the CoS@ZIF-67 heterostructure, and then CoS@ZIF-67 was etched successfully using Ni ions to form the final CoS@CoNi-LDH/NF core-shell nanoarray. This synthetic strategy to fabricate the heterostructure is conducive to boosting the structural stability, modifying the electric structure and regulating the interfacial charge transfer.

A quaternary heterojunction nanoflower for significantly enhanced electrochemical water splitting.

Designing highly-efficient, cost-effective, and stable electrocatalysts for water splitting is essential to producing green hydrogen. In this work, a nanoflower quaternary heterostructured Ni(NO)(OH)/Ni(OH)/NiS/NiFe-LDH electrocatalyst is successfully synthesized by two-step hydrothermal reactions. The sulfur in the electrocatalyst induces higher valence state metal atoms as active sites to accelerate the formation of O.

Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-Derived Zn/Co-S@Ni(OH) Nanoarrays with Excellent Energy Storage and Electrocatalytic Performance.

The design and development of high-performance electrochemical electrode materials are crucial for energy storage and conversion systems. This work reports a facile preparation of a self-supported Zn/Co-S@Ni(OH) array electrode in which a Zn/Co-S nanosheet is derived from a leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework (Zn/Co-ZIF-L). The core-shell structure provides multiple benefits such as enhanced electrical conductivity, an abundance of exposed active sites, and strong electronic interactions between Zn/Co-S and ultra-thin Ni(OH) nanosheets, facilitating faster charge transfer.

Distribution and synaptic organization of substance P-like immunoreactive neurons in the mouse retina.

Substance P (SP), a neuroprotective peptidergic neurotransmitter, is known to have immunoreactivity (IR) localized to amacrine and/or ganglion cells in a variety of species' retinas, but it has not yet been studied in the mouse retina. Thus, we investigated the distribution and synaptic organization of SP-IR by confocal and electron microscopy immunocytochemistry in the mouse retina. SP-IR was distributed in the inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and ganglion cell layer (GCL).

A general strategy to synthesize hollow metal sulfide/MOF heterostructures for high performance supercapacitors.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively applied in supercapacitors. Unfortunately, metal active sites in MOFs are commonly blocked and saturated by organic ligands, leading to insufficient positions available for the electrochemical reaction. To address this issue, we develop a novel strategy to design and prepare a series of hollow metal sulfide/MOF heterostructures, which simultaneously alleviate the large volume expansion, avoid slow kinetics of metal sulfides and expose more electrochemically active sites of the MOF.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Strictosidine Synthase-like Gene Family Revealed Their Response to Biotic/Abiotic Stress in Poplar.

The () gene family is a small plant immune-regulated gene family that plays a critical role in plant resistance to biotic/abiotic stresses. To date, very little has been reported on the gene in plants. In this study, a total of thirteen s genes were identified from poplar, and these were classified into four subgroups based on multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis, and members of the same subgroup were found to have similar gene structures and motifs.

Controlled preparation of CoNiS nanorods derived from MOF-74 nanoarrays involving an exchange reaction for high energy density supercapacitors.

Binary transition metal sulfides are considered to be a promising material for supercapacitors, possessing richer electrochemically active sites and superior electrochemical performance. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are often used as self-sacrificing templates in the preparation of metal sulfides. Usually, direct sulfidation of MOFs tends to cause collapse of the morphological structure and blockage of the ion transport channels, so that the morphology of the original MOF template can be well preserved by using pyrolysis followed by S ion exchange.

Controllable Transformation of Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets into Oxygen Vacancy NiCoO Arrays for Ultrahigh-Capacitance Supercapacitors with Long Lifespan.

The amino-functionalized bimetal NH-NiCo-MOF nanosheet array is first fabricated on Ni foam substrates and then controllably transformed into oxygen vacancy bimetal oxide arrays by simply thermal annealing in air. This NiCo-based oxide array (NiCoO/NF) achieves high capacitance (2484 F g at 1 A g), excellent rate performance (91.4%), and long cycling life when assessed as promising electrode material for supercapacitors.

Controllable In Situ Transformation of Layered Double Hydroxides into Ultrathin Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheet Arrays for Energy Storage.

Ultrathin two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have convincing performances in energy storage, which can be put down to their accessible active sites with rapid charge transfer. Herein, NiCo-layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheet arrays are used as self-sacrificial templates to in situ fabricate ultrathin NiCo-MOF nanosheet arrays on Ni foam (NS/NF) by using organic ligands without adding metal sources. Two ultrathin MOF nanosheets with different ligands, terephthalate (BDC) and 2-aminoterephthalate (NH-BDC), are synthesized, characterized, and discussed in detail.

MOF-derived BiO@C microrods as negative electrodes for advanced asymmetric supercapacitors.

Bismuth oxide (BiO) with high specific capacity has emerged as a promising negative electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs). Herein, we propose a facile metal-organic framework (MOF) derived strategy to prepare BiO microrods with a carbon coat (BiO@C). They exhibit ultrahigh specific capacity (1378 C g at 0.

Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Alkali Tolerance Mechanism in Plants Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi.

Soil alkalization is a major environmental threat that affects plant distribution and yield in northeastern China. is an alkali-tolerant grass species that is used for salt-alkali grassland restoration. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance responses to alkali stress.

BiS nanorod-stacked hollow microtubes self-assembled from bismuth-based metal-organic frameworks as advanced negative electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors.

Bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) with a lamellar structure has emerged as a promising negative electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs) due to its high theoretical specific capacity. Meanwhile, the improvement of electrochemical properties strongly depends on the size, shape and morphologies of Bi2S3 nanomaterials. Herein, the hierarchical Bi2S3 nanorod-stacked hollow microtubes are self-assembled through a facile self-sacrificing template strategy from bismuth-based metal-organic framework microprisms.

Hierarchical core-shell SiO@PDA@BiOBr microspheres with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance.

To explore catalysts combining highly accessible specific surface areas with low recombination of the photo-induced electron-hole pairs, a novel SiO@PDA@BiOBr composite photocatalyst with a hierarchical core-shell structure was prepared by a facile solvothermal method. The catalyst shows a superior performance on photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation, especially for SiO@PDA-2@BiOBr with the reactant kinetics constant (k = 0.0487 min).