Unravelling distinct patterns of metagenomic surveillance and respiratory microbiota between two P1 genotypes of .

To unravel distinct patterns of metagenomic surveillance and respiratory microbiota between () P1-1 and P1-2 and to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on epidemiological features, we conducted a multicentre retrospective study which spanned 90,886 pneumonia patients, among which 3164 cases were identified. Our findings revealed a concurrent outbreak of , with the positivity rate rising sharply to 9.62% from July 2023, compared to the 0.

Cannabidiol exhibits anxiolytic-like effects and antipsychotic-like effects in mice models.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound derived from the cannabis plant, has been confirmed to induce anxiolytic-like and antipsychotic-like effects. However, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. This study substantiated CBD's interaction with the 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) in vitro (CHO cells expressing human 5-HTR) and in vivo (rat lower lip retraction test, LLR test).

Discovery of a CB and 5-HT receptor dual agonist for the treatment of depression and anxiety.

Cannabinoid CBR agonists have gained considerable attention as potential novel therapies for psychiatric disorders due to their non-psychoactive nature, in contrast to CBR agonists. In this study, we employed molecular docking to design and synthesize 23 derivatives of cannabidiol (CBD) with the aim of discovering potent CBR agonists rather than CBR antagonists or inverse agonists. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigations highlighted the critical importance of the amide group at the C-3' site and the cycloalkyl group at the C-4' site for CBR activation.

Mild acid hydrolysis on Fucan sulfate from Stichopus herrmanni: Structures, depolymerization mechanism and anticoagulant activity.

Fucan sulfate (FS) from sea cucumbers possesses linear sequences with repeating units that differ principally in the pattern of sulfation and position of glycosidic linkage. FS from Stichopus herrmanni (ShFS) was preliminarily identified as the relatively simple structure {-3)-L-Fuc-(α1-}n. Herein, mild acid hydrolysis was employed on ShFS to yield 21 oligosaccharides.

Fine-Scale Population Admixture Landscape of Tai-Kadai-Speaking Maonan in Southwest China Inferred From Genome-Wide SNP Data.

Guizhou Province harbors extensive ethnolinguistic and cultural diversity with Sino-Tibetan-, Hmong-Mien-, and Tai-Kadai-speaking populations. However, previous genetic analyses mainly focused on the genetic admixture history of the former two linguistic groups. The admixture history of Tai-Kadai-speaking populations in Guizhou needed to be characterized further.

Personality Characteristics and Emotional Distress Among Chinese Pregnant Women: A Moderated Mediation Model.

Previous studies have suggested that certain personality characteristics are associated with emotional distress during pregnancy. However, the underlying mechanism of this association is rarely understood. The current study investigated the links between personality and pregnant women's emotional distress (depressive and anxiety symptoms), tested the chain mediating effects of two resilience factors-social support and positive coping, and explored whether socioeconomic status (SES) could moderate the effects (including direct and/or indirect effects) of personality on their emotional distress.

Novel Cyclic Endomorphin Analogues with Multiple Modifications and Oligoarginine Vector Exhibit Potent Antinociception with Reduced Opioid-like Side Effects.

Endomorphins (EMs) are potent pharmaceuticals for the treatment of pain. Herein, we investigated several novel EM analogues with multiple modifications and oligoarginine conjugation. Our results showed that analogues 1-6 behaved as potent μ-opioid agonists and enhanced stability and lipophilicity.

The spinal anti-allodynic effects of endomorphin analogs with C-terminal hydrazide modification in neuropathic pain model.

The present study was undertaken to further investigate the spinal anti-allodynic effects of endomorphins (EMs) and their C-terminal hydrazide modified analogs EM-1-NHNH and EM-2-NHNH in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain in mice. Our results demonstrated that intrathecal (i.t.

A new fucosylated glycosaminoglycan containing disaccharide branches from Acaudina molpadioides: Unusual structure and anti-intrinsic tenase activity.

A fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (AmFG) was extracted from the sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides. And a series of oligosaccharides were purified from the size-homogeneous fractions, which were prepared from the β-eliminative depolymerized AmFG. According to "bottom-up" strategy, the precise structure of AmFG was elucidated by analyzing the structures of these purified oligosaccharides, combining with NMR analysis of its free-radical depolymerized product.

Metatranscriptomic Characterization of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Identified a Host Transcriptional Classifier Associated With Immune Signaling.

Background: The recent identification of a novel coronavirus, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has caused a global outbreak of respiratory illnesses. The rapidly developing pandemic has posed great challenges to diagnosis of this novel infection. However, little is known about the metatranscriptomic characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

NMR characterization and anticoagulant activity of the oligosaccharides from the fucosylated glycosaminoglycan isolated from Holothuria coluber.

A glycosaminoglycan was isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria coluber (HcFG). A series of oligosaccharide fragments (dp range 3-11) were prepared from its β-eliminative depolymerized product (dHcFG). Extensive NMR characterization of the oligosaccharides indicated the d-GlcA-β1,3-d-GalNAc repeating disaccharide backbone was substituted by monosaccharide branches comprising of Fuc, Fuc and Fuc, linked to O-3 of d-GlcA.

Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and obesity in Chinese adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is highly prevalent worldwide. More and more studies have been conducted on the relationship between H. pylori infection and obesity or overweight.

Precise structures and anti-intrinsic tenase complex activity of three fucosylated glycosaminoglycans and their fragments.

Fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (FG), a glycosaminoglycan derivative containing distinct sulfated fucose (FucS) branches, displays potent anticoagulant activity by inhibiting the intrinsic tenase complex (iXase). Herein, AmFG, SvFG and HaFG from three species of sea cucumbers were isolated and depolymerized by β-eliminative cleavage. Three series of fragments, A1-A4, S1-S4 and H1-H4, were purified from the depolymerized FGs.

The Effectiveness of Music Therapy for Terminally Ill Patients: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Context: The quality of death has increasingly raised concern because of the physical and psychological suffering of patients with advanced disease. Music therapy has been widely used in palliative care; however, its physical and mental effectiveness remains unclear.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of music therapy during palliative care in improving physiology and psychology outcomes.

An anticoagulant fucan sulfate with hexasaccharide repeating units from the sea cucumber Holothuria albiventer.

A fucan sulfate was isolated and purified from the sea cucumber Holothuria albiventer by papain enzymolysis, alkaline hydrolysis and ion-exchange chromatography. The water-soluble polysaccharide had high molecular weight and contained fucose and sulfate in a molar ratio of about 1:0.83.

Structural analysis and anticoagulant activities of two sulfated polysaccharides from the sea cucumber Holothuria coluber.

Sulfated polysaccharides such as fucosylated glycosaminoglycan and fucan sulfate from echinoderm possess complex chemical structure and various biological activities. The two sulfated polysaccharides were purified from the low-value sea cucumber Holothuria coluber. Their physicochemical properties and chemical structures were analyzed and characterized by chemical and instrumental methods.

Structural Elucidation and Biological Activity of a Highly Regular Fucosylated Glycosaminoglycan from the Edible Sea Cucumber Stichopus herrmanni.

Edible sea cucumbers are widely used as a health food and medicine. A fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (FG) was purified from the high-value sea cucumber Stichopus herrmanni. Its physicochemical properties and structure were analyzed and characterized by chemical and instrumental methods.

Loops Adjacent to Catalytic Region and Molecular Stability of Man1312.

Hemicelluloses are the second major polysaccharides in nature and can be converted to ethanol product by a variety of enzymes including mannanases. Mannanase is an important enzyme that hydrolyses mannose-containing polysaccharides which are abundant in plants. An optimized mannanase could help to improve conversion process and make the technology efficiently and competitively.

N-terminal truncation contributed to increasing thermal stability of mannanase Man1312 without activity loss.

Background: The disordered residues on distal loops affect the molecular structural stability and on some occasions have regulatory roles in catalytic reaction. To increase understanding of the influence of distal residue mutation, this study explored the thermostability and enzymatic activity of mannanase Man1312 deletion mutants. The focus was on residues located on the N-terminal region because they are more disordered and changeable.

Comparison of expression systems for the extracellular production of mannanase Man23 originated from Bacillus subtilis B23.

Background: Mannanase is an enzyme that can catalyze random hydrolysis of beta-1,4-mannosidic linkages in the main chain of mannans, glucomannans and galactomannans which are the key polymers in hemicellulose. It has been used in a number of different industrial applications including food, feed, pharmaceutical, pulp/paper industries, and second generation biofuel. To optimize the expression system of mannanase Man23 gene, two kinds of vectors and host bacteria were determined and compared.