AAVR Expression is Essential for AAV Vector Transduction in Sensory Hair Cells.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are a leading platform for gene therapy. Recently, AAV-mediated gene therapy in the inner ear has progressed from laboratory use to clinical trials, but the lower transduction rates in outer hair cells (OHCs) in the organ of Corti and in vestibular hair cells in adult mice still pose a challenge. OHCs are particularly vulnerable to inner ear insults.

Identification of Key Genes Involved in Sesquiterpene Synthesis in Based on Transcriptome and Component Analysis.

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The Antioxidant Ergothioneine Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Hearing Loss through the Nrf2 Pathway.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for treating head and neck tumors. However, there is high incidence of ototoxicity in patients treated with CDDP, which may be caused by the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the inner ear. Many studies have demonstrated the strong antioxidant effects of ergothioneine (EGT).

Hesperidin activates Nrf2 to protect cochlear hair cells from cisplatin-induced damage.

Cisplatin is widely employed in clinical oncology as an anticancer chemotherapy drug in clinical practice and is known for its severe ototoxic side effects. Prior research indicates that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a pivotal role in cisplatin's inner ear toxicity. Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside extracted from citrus fruits that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Black Carbon Aerosols during Spring in Beijing.

Black carbon (BC) aerosols are important for absorbing aerosols, affecting global climate change and regional air quality, and potentially harming human health. From March to May 2023, we investigated black carbon aerosol levels and air pollution in Beijing. Employing methods such as linear regression, Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) and Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (CWT), we analyzed the characteristics and sources of black carbon aerosols in the region.

Unveiling global land fine- and coarse-mode aerosol dynamics from 2005 to 2020 using enhanced satellite-based monthly inversion data.

Accurate fine-mode and coarse-mode aerosol knowledge is crucial for understanding their impacts on the climate and Earth's ecosystems. However, current satellite-based Fine-Mode Aerosol Optical Depth (FAOD) and Coarse-Mode Aerosol Optical Depth (CAOD) methods have drawbacks including inaccuracies, low spatial coverage, and limited temporal duration. To overcome these issues, we developed new global-scale FAOD and CAOD from 2005 to 2020 using a novel deep learning model capable of the synergistic retrieval of two aerosol sizes.

[Nonlinear Variations in PM Concentration in the Three Major Urban Agglomerations in China].

ITA and Beast methods were used to quantitatively analyze the nonlinear process of a PM concentration time series based on the PM concentration data of the three major urban agglomerations in China. The results showed that： ① the degree of the PM pollution in the three major urban agglomerations had decreased， and the high-concentration areas had noticeably shrunk. The degree of spatial polarization of PM concentration was reduced， and the spatial difference was narrowed.

The complete chloroplast genome of Prain 1894 (Papaveraceae), a high-altitude plant distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

Prain 1894 () is a rare herb within the family Papaveraceae of which unique and gorgeous purple flowers are blooming in the flowering phase. In this study, we reported the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of , which was mainly distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of was 153,073 bp in size and was characterized by a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,562 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 178,33 bp and two identical inverted repeats (IR) regions of 25,839 bp.

Combining physical mechanisms and deep learning models for hourly surface ozone retrieval in China.

As surface ozone (O) gains increasing attention, there is an urgent need for high temporal resolution and accurate O monitoring. By taking advantage of the progress in artificial intelligence, deep learning models have been applied to satellite based O retrieval. However, the underlying physical mechanisms that influence surface O into model construction have rarely been considered.

[Scale Dependence Between PM and Meteorological Factors and Its Influencing Factors in "2+26" Cities].

Based on the PM concentration and meteorological data of "2+26" cities, the variations in PM time series were analyzed by the continuous wavelet transform(CWT) and discrete wavelet transform(DWT). Wavelet coherence(WTC) and multiple wavelet coherence(MWC) were used to quantify the response relationship between PM and single/multiple meteorological factors in the time-frequency domain. Partial wavelet coherence(PWC) was used to quantitatively evaluate the influence of atmospheric teleconnection factors on the response relationship.

Animal-and mineral-based medicines in Gansu-Ningxia-inner Mongolia region, P.R. China: a cross-cultural ethnobiological assessment.

Traditional animal- and mineral-based medicines are widely used in the Gansu-Ningxia-Inner Mongolia junction zone, a region with diverse ethnic groups and cultures. This study aims to document, conserve, and explore the potential of these medicines for further research and sustainable development of ethnic medicine. We interviewed 56 informants from different ethnic backgrounds and analyzed their responses quantitatively.

Ethnobotanical study of traditional forage plants in the Gansu-Ningxia-Inner Mongolia junction zone: conservation and sustainable utilization for animal husbandry.

Introduction: This study aims to safeguard the ethnobotanical knowledge pertaining to traditional forage plants within the ethnically diverse Gansu-Ningxia-Inner Mongolia junction zone. It seeks to establish a foundation for the sustainable utilization of these traditional resources for animal husbandry.

Methods: A combination of literature research, village interviews, participatory observation, and ethnobotanical quantitative evaluation methods was employed to investigate and study the traditional knowledge of wild forage plants used by local residents in the study area.

Exploring Global Land Coarse-Mode Aerosol Changes from 2001-2021 Using a New Spatiotemporal Coaction Deep-Learning Model.

Coarse-mode aerosol optical depths (cAODs) are critical for understanding the impact of coarse particle sizes, especially dust aerosols, on climate. Currently, the limited data length and high uncertainty of satellite products diminish the applicability of cAOD for climate research. Here, we propose a spatiotemporal coaction deep-learning model (SCAM) for the retrieval of global land cAOD (500 nm) from 2001-2021.

Urban and suburban decadal variations in air pollution of Beijing and its meteorological drivers.

Air pollution is a major threat to human health and ecosystems. Using 10-year (2013-2022) multi-source observations for the Beijing, China, we showed that clean-air actions have significantly reduced PM, PM, CO, NO, and SO pollution, with an increase in the surface maximum daily 8-h average ozone (MDA8O) concentrations during autumn and winter, leading to a rapid diminishment of the urban-suburban gap in air pollution. Secondary sources and vehicle emissions were enhanced in both urban and suburban areas in all seasons except summer from 2013 to 2022.

[Spatio-temporal Variations in PMand Its Influencing Factors in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration].

To coordinate the contradiction between economic development and environmental pollution and achieve the sustainable development of the economy and society, the spatio-temporal variations in PM were analyzed based on PM concentration and meteorological data of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration. Wavelet transform coherence (WTC), partial wavelet coherence (PWC), and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC) were used to analyze the multi-scale coupling oscillation between PM and meteorological factors in the time-frequency domain. The results showed that:① the concentration of PM in the YRD decreased from northwest to southeast, and the spatial range with high PM concentration decreased annually.

Evolution of surface ozone pollution pattern in eastern China and its relationship with different intensity heatwaves.

With climate warming, eastern China has experienced a significant increase in temperature accompanied by intensified ozone pollution. We aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns and relationships between ozone levels and temperature in eastern China using observation-based ozone data from 418 air quality monitoring stations and temperature data from ERA5. The summer maximum temperature and annual ozone concentration in eastern China increased significantly between 2015 and 2022, with increases rate of 10% and 2.

Quantifying the scale-dependent relationships of PM and O on meteorological factors and their influencing factors in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas.

To investigate the variations of PM and O and their synergistic effects with influencing factors at different time scales, we employed Bayesian estimator of abrupt seasonal and trend change to analyze the nonlinear variation process of PM and O. Wavelet coherence and multiple wavelet coherence were utilized to quantify the coupling oscillation relationships of PM and O on single/multiple meteorological factors in the time-frequency domain. Furthermore, we combined this analysis with the partial wavelet coherence to quantitatively evaluate the influence of atmospheric teleconnection factors on the response relationships.

CFTR potentiator ivacaftor protects against noise-induced hair cell loss by increasing Nrf2 and reducing oxidative stress.

Over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the inner ear can be triggered by a variety of pathological events identified in animal models after traumatic noise exposure. Our previous research found that inhibition of the AMP-activated protein kinase alpha subunit (AMPKα) protects against noise-induced cochlear hair cell loss and hearing loss by reducing ROS accumulation. However, the molecular pathway through which AMPKα exerts its antioxidative effect is still unclear.

Influencing factors of PM concentration in the typical urban agglomerations in China based on wavelet perspective.

PM is one of the most harmful air pollutants affecting sustainable economic and social development in China. The analysis of influencing factors affecting PM concentration is significant for the improvement of air quality. In this study, three typical urban agglomerations in China (Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei [BTH], the Yangtze River Delta [YRD], and the Pearl River Delta [PRD]) were studied using innovative trend analysis, a Bayesian statistical model, and partial wavelet and multiwavelet coherence to analyze PM concentration variations and multi-scale coupled oscillations between PM concentration and air pollutants/meteorological factors.

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Suitable Planting Areas for Species under Climate Change in China.

Planting suitability determines the distribution and yield of crops in a given region which can be greatly affected by climate change. In recent years, many studies have shown that carbon dioxide fertilization effects increase the productivity of temperate deciduous fruit trees under a changing climate, but the potential risks to fruit tree planting caused by a reduction in suitable planting areas are rarely reported. In this study, Maxent was first used to investigate the spatial distribution of five species in China, and the consistency between the actual production area and the modeled climatically suitable area under the current climatic conditions were determined.

Characterization of global fire activity and its spatiotemporal patterns for different land cover types from 2001 to 2020.

Fire is a widespread phenomenon that plays an important role in Earth's ecosystems. This study investigated the global spatiotemporal patterns of burned areas, daytime and nighttime fire counts, and fire radiative power (FRP) from 2001 to 2020. The month with the largest burned area, daytime fire count, and FRP presented a bimodal distribution worldwide, with dual peaks in early spring (April) and summer (July and August), while the month with the largest nighttime fire count and FRP showed a unimodal distribution, with a peak in July.

Anti-senescence effects of Rhodiola crenulate extracts on LO cells and bioactive compounds.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rhodiola crenulata (Rc) is a traditional herb, used in Tibetan medicine, has shown promise efficacy in physical performance improvement, work capacity enhancement, fatigue elimination, and altitude sickness prevention. Also, Rc exhibited therapeutic effects on aging-related diseases. However, relevant researches on Rc and their bioactive components are quite few and needs further investigation.

Characterisation and Risk Assessment of Metal Contaminants in the Dust Fall in the Vicinity of a Construction Waste Dump in Beijing.

In this study, a large construction waste dump in Beijing, China, was used as the study area. Nineteen effective atmospheric dust samples were collected. The mass fractions of 14 metal elements (Ca, Fe, Al, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, V, Pb, Ni, As, Co, and Cd) were determined for the samples using ICP-MS.