[Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study].

Objectives: To explore the risk factors associated with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants.

Methods: This study was a multicenter prospective nested case-control study conducted in seven medical centers in Beijing, China. Infants aged 0-12 months were included, with 200 cases of CMPA infants and 799 control infants without CMPA.

[Effect of superfine powder and aqueous extract of Polygonati Rhizoma on rats with natural perimenopausal syndrome].

This study aims to examine the effect of superfine powder and aqueous extract of Polygonati Rhizomaon on natural perimenopausal syndrome in rats and explore the underlying mechanism. To be specific, a total of 60 female SD rats(14-15 months old) with estrous cycle disorder were screened by the vaginal smear and randomized into model control group, β-estradiol 3-benzoate group(0.1 mg·kg~(-1)), superfine powder of Polygonati Rhizoma group(0.

Effects of ultrafine powder on sub-health mice induced by unhealthy lifestyle based on neuroendocrine immune system.

Sub-health status, in which a person's mind and body exist in a low-quality state of being between disease and health, has become an urgent public health problem that cannot be ignored globally. One of the most apparent sub-health symptoms is fatigue, and it also shows a significant decrease in mental vitality and adaptability caused by disruption of the neuroendocrine-immune system. (DOF) has a long history of use in China as a medicinal food with immune-regulating, anti-fatigue, anti-oxidant, and hypoglycemic effects.

A developmental switch between electrical and neuropeptide communication in the ventromedial hypothalamus.

Dissecting neural connectivity patterns within local brain regions is an essential step to understanding the function of the brain. Neural microcircuits in brain regions, such as the neocortex and the hippocampus, have been extensively studied. By contrast, the microcircuit in the hypothalamus remains largely uncharacterized.

Buddleoside-Rich L. Extract has a Beneficial Effect on Metabolic Hypertensive Rats by Inhibiting the Enteric-Origin LPS/TLR4 Pathway.

As the number of patients with metabolic hypertension (MH) is increasing, there is an essential require for global measures to prevent and treat MH. Flavonoids such as buddleoside (BUD) from L. are the main pharmacological components of cardiovascular activities.

Diagnostic roles of urinary kidney microvesicles in diabetic nephropathy.

Background: The pathology of diabetic nephropathy (DN) broadly involves the injury of glomeruli, tubulointerstitium and endothelium. Cells from these compartments can release increased numbers of microvesicles (MVs) into urine when stressed or damaged. Currently whether urinary MVs from these three parts can help diagnose DN and reflect pathological features remain unclear.

Interstitial eosinophilic infiltration in diabetic nephropathy is indicative of poor prognosis, with no therapy benefit from steroid.

Background: Studies suggested that eosinophils in diabetes might be associated with severity of diabetic nephropathy (DN). In a retrospective study of 102 Chinese patients with biopsy-proven DN, we aimed to evaluate relationships of both blood and renal eosinophils (Eos) to the severity of DN and check whether Eos can serve as an indicator of prognosis as well as the therapeutic effect of steroids.

Methods: One hundred and two patients diagnosed with DN were enrolled.

Human papillomavirus genotypes and p16 expression in oral leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma.

Several studies have shown a broad variation in the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), whereas the relationship is less well-defined and specific HPV genotypes lack examination in OLK. In the present study, the role of HPV and surrogate p16 expression was investigated to explore the correlation and pathogenesis in OLK and OSCC. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and flow-through hybridization technology were utilized to detect HPV genotypes in oral exfoliated cells from 30 healthy volunteers, 103 OLK and 30 OSCC patients.

Importance of stabilization of the neonatal transport network in critically ill neonates.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate how to stabilize the condition of critically ill neonates within the neonatal transport network.

Methods: A total of 243 critically ill newborns in four hospitals involved in the transport network were enrolled. The newborns were divided into the research and control groups.

[Optimization of expression and purification of recombinant Salvia miltiorrhiza WRKY1 protein in Escherichia coli].

WRKY transcription factor is one of the Zinc finger proteins which contains a highly conserved WRKY domain and is a family of the plant-specific transcription factor. The plasmid pET28a-SmWRKY1 harboring Salvia miltiorrhiza WRKY1 (SmWRKY1) gene was successfully transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The conditions on protein expression of SmWRKY1 in E.

[Construction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae whole-cell biocatalyst system for conversion miltiradiene].

Tanshinones are the bioactive components of the Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, while its biosynthetic pathway remains to be characterized. Rapid identification and characterization of the genes correlated to tanshinones biosynthesis is very important. As one of the intermediates of tanshinones biosynthesis, the ferruginol content is relative low in both root and engineered bacteria.

[Expression analysis and subcellular localization of an ERF transcription factor from Salvia miltiorrhiza].

Objective: A SmERF1 gene was isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and expression patterns to different stress condition were analysed in the root tissues of S. miltiorrhiza.

Method: The cDNA of SmERF1 gene from S.

[Optimizing expression of recombinant jasmonate ZIM-domain protein from Salvia miltiorrhiza].

Objective: Accumulation of tanshinton in Salvia miltiorrhiza are enhanced by exogenous application of jasmonates. The core JA signaling module COI1/JAZ/MYC2 play a central role on control of downstream gene expression in the JA pathway. To obtained the antibody of SmJAZ, SmJAZ recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and optimal expression was performed.

[Insulin-like growth factor 1 levels and their association with growth and development in infants aged 1-24 months].

Objective: To study serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and their association with growth and development in infants aged 1-24 mouths.

Methods: A total of 525 healthy infants (125 preterm, 400 term) were enrolled. Serum IGF-1 levels were measured using ELISA 1.

[Inhibitory effects of pretreatment with Buyanghuanwu decoction on inflammatory cytokine expressions in the kidneys of rats after induction of brain death].

Objective: To observe the inhibitiory effects of pretreatment with Buyanghuanwu decoction (BYHWT) on inflammatory cytokine expressions in the kidneys and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by peripheral blood neutrophils of rats after induction of brain death (BD), and to investigate the effect of BYHWT on the improvement of kidney quality from BD donor.

Methods: 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, BD model group and BYHWT group. 6 hours after successful onset of brain death,only the BD rats whose mean arterial blood pressure were higher than 80 mmHg were accepted as donors.

[Screening and identification of polypeptides specifically binding to human B type natriuretic peptide from 12TM phage display peptide library].

Objective: To identify and characterize the polypeptides specifically binding to human B type natriuretic peptide (BNP) screened from 12TM phage display peptide library.

Methods: The BNP-binding peptides were screened from 12TM phage display peptide library and identified by ELISA.

Results: After 4 rounds of screening, 10 of the 16 phage clones were identified as the positive clones which could bind to BNP.

Potential adjuvantic properties of innate immune stimuli.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns and serve as primary sensors of the innate immune system. Ten members of the TLR family have so far been identified in the human genome. The ligands for these receptors are structurally highly conserved microbial molecules such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (recognized by TLR4), lipopeptides (TLR2 in combination with TLR1 or TLR6), flagellin (TLR5), single stranded RNA (TLR7 and TLR8), double-stranded RNA (TLR3), CpG motif-containing DNA (TLR9) and profilin present on uropathogenic bacteria (TLR 11).

Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of three short chain alpha-neurotoxins from the venom of sea snake--Hydrophiinae Hydrophis cyanocinctus Daudin.

Three different genes named sn311, sn316 and sn285 were discovered by large-scale randomly sequencing the high quality cDNA library of the venom glands from Hydrophiinae Hydrophis cyanocinctus Daudin. Sequence analysis showed that these three genes encoded three different short chain alpha-neurotoxins of 81 amino acids, which contained a signal peptide of 21 amino acids and followed by a mature peptide of 60 amino acids. Amino acid comparison reveals that mature peptides of sn311 and sn316 are highly homologous, with the only variance at position 46, which is Lys46 and Ser46, respectively.

Cloning and characterization of a novel neurotoxin from the sea anemone Anthopleura sp.

A full-length cDNA of neurotoxin (Hk2a) was isolated by RT-PCR of total RNA isolated from tentacles of Anthopleura sp. using degenerate oligonucleotide primers and 3',5'-RACE. The cDNA sequence of Hk2a encoded a polypeptide of 47 amino acids, which lacks a typical N-terminal signal sequences commonly found in proteins that are secreted via endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway, indicating the possibility of secretion via a non-classical pathway.

Functional expression and characterization of a recombinant phospholipase A2 from sea snake Lapemis hardwickii as a soluble protein in E. coli.

Three full-length phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) cDNAs from sea snake Lapemis hardwickii venom were cloned and sequenced in our previous study. In order to investigate their biological functions, we established a fusion expression system for PLA(2)-9 in E. coli.

Recombinant human interleukin-10 inhibits proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells stimulated by advanced glycation end products and neointima hyperplasia after carotid injury in the rat.

The purposes of this study was to determine the effects of recombinant human interleukin-10 (rhIL-10) on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by advanced glycation end products (AGE) and neointima hyperplasia after rat carotid arterial injury. Rat aortic VSMCs were cultured and treated with rhIL-10 or AGE respectively, and then co-treated with rhIL-10 and AGE. Proliferation of VSMCs was quantified by colormetric assay.

Effect of recombinant human interleukin-10 on the in vitro proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of recombinant human interleukin-10 (rhIL-10) on the proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) cultured in vitro. METHOD: Aortic VSMCs cultured in vitro were treated with varied doses of rhIL-10 alone or in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) or platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF- BB) respectively. The VSMC proliferation was quantified by colormetric assay.

Cloning and characterization of an acidic cytolysin cDNA from sea anemone Sagartia rosea.

A full-length cDNA of cytolysin (Src I) was isolated from the tentacle of Sagartia rosea (a representative species in China) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The cDNA with an open reading frame of 648 bp encodes a precursor protein of 216 amino acids, which contains a prepropeptide of 38 amino acids including a signal peptide of 19 amino acids and a propart of 19 amino acids. Lys-Pro at C-terminus of propart is a cleavage site for proline-endopeptidase-like protease.

Diversity of PLA(2) Genes from Sea Snake Lapemis hardwickii Gray Venom.

Three full-length cDNA from Lapemis hardwickii Gray, (namely PLA(2)-8, PLA(2)-9 and PLA(2)-384), encoding phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), were isolated and sequenced. These cDNA sequences were composed of 456 bp, 438 bp and 438 bp, encoding a signal peptide of 27 amino acids and a mature peptide of 125, 119 and 119 amino acids, respectively. The analysis results by computer indicated PLA(2)-8, PLA(2)-9and PLA(2)-384 has a pI of ca.