EVALUATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN HUMAN BODY EXPOSED TO INVERTER OF PURE ELECTRIC VEHICLE.

On the basis of the basic principle of electromagnetic dosimetry, the paper studies the electromagnetic exposure of a passenger's body to a compound electromagnetic field caused by the combined action of DC and AC bus currents of a pure electric vehicle inverter. By building an electromagnetic model of a pure electric vehicle body, adult human body and inverter, the finite element method is used to calculate the magnetic induction intensity(|B|), induced electric field intensity(|E|) and induced current density(|J|) of the compound electromagnetic field to the human trunk and central nervous system in the driver and front seat passenger. The numerical results are compared with the exposure limits defined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).

Shikonin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen synergistically inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells through activating apoptosis signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is a cell type-specific anti-estrogen and is applied to improve the survival of patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer. However, long-term TAM use can induce serious drug resistance, leading to breast cancer recurrence and death in patients. Further, it is almost useless among patients with estrogen receptor negative (ER -) breast cancer.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzoylacrylic acid shikonin ester derivatives as irreversible dual inhibitors of tubulin and EGFR.

In this study, a series of shikonin derivatives combined with benzoylacrylic had been designed and synthesized, which showed an inhibitory effect on both tubulin and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In vitro EGFR and cell growth inhibition assay demonstrated that compound PMMB-317 exhibited the most potent anti-EGFR (IC = 22.7 nM) and anti-proliferation activity (IC = 4.

Nanoscale Metal-Organic-Frameworks Coated by Biodegradable Organosilica for pH and Redox Dual Responsive Drug Release and High-Performance Anticancer Therapy.

Responsive nanocarriers with biocompatibility and precise drug releasing capability have emerged as a prospective candidate for anticancer treatment. However, the challenges imposed by the complicated preparation process and limited loading capacities have seriously impeded the development of novel multifunctional drug delivery systems. Here, we developed a novel and dual-responsive nanocarrier based on a nanoscale ZIF-8 core and an organosilica shell containing disulfide bridges in its frameworks through a facile and efficient strategy.

Novel Podophyllotoxin Derivatives as Potential Tubulin Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Antiproliferative Activity Evaluation.

A number of podophyllotoxin derivatives (3A-3J) had been designed and synthesized, and their biological activities were evaluated in this study. Moreover, the antiproliferation activities of these compounds against four human cancer cell lines (HepG2, HeLa, A549, and MCF-7) were also tested. The results indicated that the most promising compound 3D displayed potent inhibitory activity over the four human cancer cell lines and was further demonstrated to have potent tubulin polymerization inhibitory effects without damaging the non-cancer cells.

Design and characterization of α-lipoic acyl shikonin ester twin drugs as tubulin and PDK1 dual inhibitors.

Shikonin exhibits powerful anticancer activities for various cancer cells, but its poor solubility and strong toxicity hinder its development as clinical anticancer agent. We previously confirmed that shikonin and its derivatives can disturb mitosis through targeting tubulin. In this study, α-lipoic acid, the naturally-occurring co-factor of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), was introduced into shikonin to design the twin drugs against both mitosis (tubulin) and glycolysis (PDK).

The evaluation of potent antitumor activities of shikonin coumarin-carboxylic acid, PMMB232 through HIF-1α-mediated apoptosis.

In current study, a series of shikonin derivatives were synthesized and its anticancer activity was evaluated. As a result, PMMB232 showed the best antiproliferation activity with an IC value of 3.25±0.

Design and synthesis of piperazine acetate podophyllotoxin ester derivatives targeting tubulin depolymerization as new anticancer agents.

In this paper, a series of podophyllotoxin piperazine acetate ester derivatives were synthesized and investigated due to their antiproliferation activity on different human cancer cell lines. Among the congeners, C5 manifested prominent cytotoxicity towards the cancer cells, without causing damage on the non-cancer cells through inhibiting tubulin assembly and having high selectively causing damage on the human breast (MCF-7) cell line (IC=2.78±0.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Chalcone-Containing Shikonin Derivatives as Inhibitors of Tubulin Polymerization.

The biological importance of microtubules in mitosis makes them an interesting target for the development of anticancer agents. In this study, a series of novel chalcone-containing shikonin derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for biological activities. Among them, derivative PMMB-259 [(R)-1-(5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl (E)-2-(4-(3-oxo-3-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)acetate] was identified as a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization.

Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and 3D-QSAR analysis of podophyllotoxin-dioxazole combination as tubulin targeting anticancer agents.

The advancement of cancer-fighting drugs has never been a simple linear process. Those drug design professionals begin to find inspiration from the nature after failing to find the ideal products by creative drug design and high-throughput screening. To obtain new molecules for inhibiting tubulin, podophyllotoxin was adopted as the leading compound and 1,3,4-oxadiazole was brought in to the C-4 site of podophyllotoxin in this research.

Synthesis, Molecular Modeling and Biological Evaluation of 4-Alkoxyquinazoline Derivatives as Novel Inhibitors of VEGFR2.

A series of novel quinazoline derivatives have been designed and synthesized, and their inhibitory activities have also been tested against A549 (carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HeLa (cervical cancer cell). Of these compounds, compound 4t showed the most potent inhibitory activity (IC=0.22 µg/mL for HeLa, IC=0.

Design, synthesis and anti-cancer activity evaluation of podophyllotoxin-norcantharidin hybrid drugs.

In this study, we designed and synthesized eighteen podophyllotoxin-norcantharidin hybrid drugs which could exhibit more potent anti-cancer activity than the parent drugs. Through the anti-proliferation assay, the most potent anti-cancer agent was screened out, namely Q9 (IC50=0.88±0.

A decreased mean platelet volume is associated with stable and exacerbated asthma.

Background: Systemic inflammation is related to disease progression in asthma. Activated platelets play a critical role in atherogenesis, inflammation, and atherothrombosis. The mean platelet volume (MPV) is an early marker of platelet activation.

Increased arterial stiffness in stable and severe asthma.

Background: Systemic inflammation is related to disease progression in asthma. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a marker for early atherosclerotic changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the baPWV levels in patients with stable and severe asthma.

[Association between lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction in males aged 50 years and above: results from a multicenter community-based cross-sectional survey (BPC-BPH)].

Objective: To survey the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in males aged ≥ 50 years and explore the correlation between LUTS and ED.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Beijing communities in 1644 males aged over 50 years. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were recorded.

[Identification of differentially expressed genes in rats and preliminary analysis in regression of vascular calcification].

Objective: To investigate the differentially expressed genes in rat in the process of regression of vascular calcification by using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH).

Methods: 24 SD male rats which aged 6 weeks and specific pathogen free grade were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 8): control group, calcification group and regression group respectively. Vascular calcification model (vitamin D3 plus nicotine, VDN) were made from rats in calcification group and regression group, and rats in control group were intragastric administered with normal saline and lavaged with peanut oil.

[Prevalence of overactive bladder in a community-based male aging population].

Objective: To investigate the situation of overactive bladder (OAB) in a community-based male population.

Methods: Male participants over 50 years old were randomly selected from multiple communities in Beijing. The evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, prostate volume and post voiding residue (PVR) by abdominal ultrasonography, and maximum flow rate (Qmax).

[Relationship between serum prostate-specific antigen levels and body mass index in Beijing men over 50 years of age].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at community of Beijing in men over 50 years old. Height, weight and PSA (both serum TPSA and FPSA) were assessed in 1573 men.

[Relationships between the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in lung tissues of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in lung tissues of patients with COPD.

Methods: Lung tissues from patients with COPD (COPD group, n = 19) and those without COPD (smokers and nonsmokers with normal lung function, n = 11 and 9, respectively) were obtained from surgical excisions of lung cancer patients. The mRNA expression of ICAM-1, TIMP-1 and MMP-9 was detected using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.