Intracellular common gardens reveal niche differentiation in transposable element community during bacterial adaptive evolution.

The distribution and abundance of transposable elements across the tree of life have significantly shaped the evolution of cellular organisms, but the underlying mechanisms shaping these ecological patterns remain elusive. Here we establish a "common garden" approach to study causal ecological interactions between a xenogeneic conditional lethal sacB gene and the community of transposable insertion sequences (ISs) in a multipartite prokaryote genome. Xenogeneic sacB of low, medium, or high GC content was individually inserted into three replicons of a model bacterium Sinorhizobium fredii, and exhibited replicon- and GC-dependent variation in genetic stability.

The convergent xenogeneic silencer MucR predisposes α-proteobacteria to integrate AT-rich symbiosis genes.

Bacterial adaptation is largely shaped by horizontal gene transfer, xenogeneic silencing mediated by lineage-specific DNA bridgers (H-NS, Lsr2, MvaT and Rok), and various anti-silencing mechanisms. No xenogeneic silencing DNA bridger is known for α-proteobacteria, from which mitochondria evolved. By investigating α-proteobacterium Sinorhizobium fredii, a facultative legume microsymbiont, here we report the conserved zinc-finger bearing MucR as a novel xenogeneic silencing DNA bridger.

-Specific RirA Represses a Naturally "Synthetic" Foreign Siderophore Gene Cluster To Maintain -Legume Mutualism.

Iron homeostasis is strictly regulated in cellular organisms. The order enriched with symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria has evolved a lineage-specific regulator, RirA, responding to iron fluctuations. However, the regulatory role of RirA in bacterium-host interactions remains largely unknown.

Global Transcriptional Repression of Diguanylate Cyclases by MucR1 Is Essential for -Soybean Symbiosis.

The ubiquitous bacterial second messenger c-di-GMP is intensively studied in pathogens but less so in mutualistic bacteria. Here, we report a genome-wide investigation of functional diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) synthesizing c-di-GMP from two molecules of GTP in Sinorhizobium fredii CCBAU45436, a facultative microsymbiont fixing nitrogen in nodules of diverse legumes, including soybean. Among 25 proteins harboring a putative GGDEF domain catalyzing the biosynthesis of c-di-GMP, eight functional DGCs were identified by heterogenous expression in Escherichia coli in a Congo red binding assay.

[Association between periodontitis and Alzheimer disease: a meta analysis].

Purpose: To evaluate the association between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: Databases of PubMed, Embase, CNKI, VIP and WanFang databases were searched for the relevant observational studies focusing on the association between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease. The deadline was January 2019.

Assessing the magnetic resonance imaging in determining the depth of invasion of tongue cancer.

Objectives: To assess the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting tumour's depth of invasion (DOI) of tongue cancer by comparing to pathology and to determine the cut-off value of MRI-derived DOI for lymph node metastasis.

Patients And Methods: In a retrospective analysis, 156 patients with newly diagnosed tongue cancer were included. Tumour's DOI was compared between MRI measurement and pathology by Pearson correlation coefficient and paired t test.

Exploration of statistical shrinkage parameters of disproportionality methods in spontaneous reporting system of China.

Purpose: Statistical shrinkage is a potential statistical method to improve the accuracy of signal detection results and avoid spurious associations detected by disproportionality analyses. In this study, we introduced statistical shrinkage influence on disproportionality methods in spontaneous reporting system in China.

Methods: We added the shrinkage parameters in the numerator and denominator, denoted as in the formula of disproportionality analysis.

Reporting patterns of adverse drug reactions over recent years in China: analysis from publications.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to clarify the reporting patterns of self-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in China.

Methods: A variety of sources were searched, including the official website of China FDA, the national center for ADR monitoring center, publications from PubMed, and so on. We retrieved the relevant information and made descriptive and comparative analysis from the year 2009 to 2013.

Matrine inhibits the adhesion and migration of BCG823 gastric cancer cells by affecting the structure and function of the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP).

Aim: Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) expression is upregulated in human cancers and correlates with more invasive advanced tumor stages. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which matrine, an alkaloid derived from Sophora species plants, acted on the VASP protein in human gastric cancer cells in vitro.

Methods: VASP was expressed and purified.

Chinese patients with gastric cancer need targeted adjuvant chemotherapy schemes.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in China. Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is a routine auxiliary treatment for GC recommended by the guidelines issued in 2011 by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, but the relevant credible consequences in China have been insufficient because of China's late start and ethical concerns.

Methods: A series of databases, including Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Chinese database of the National Knowledge Infrastructure and the VIP database, were searched by 2 reviewers independently for studies investigating AC for GC through March 2012.

Inhibitory effect of paclitaxel on endothelial cell adhesion and migration.

The long-term success of percutaneous coronary interventions has been limited by restenosis. Therefore, local delivery of paclitaxel, an antiproliferative agent, using drug-eluting stents has been applied to prevent in-stent restenosis. However, paclitaxel not only inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation, but also delays re-endothelialization of the damaged site, which may cause potentially life-threatening cardiovascular adverse events, especially late and very late stent thrombosis.