Chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective tetrafunctionalization of fluoroalkynes enables divergent synthesis of 5-7-membered azacycles.

Alkyne annulation has been widely used in organic synthesis for the construction of azacycles with unique structural and physicochemical properties. However, the analogous transformation of fluoroalkynes remains a challenge and has seen limited progress. Herein we report a 1,2,3,4-tetrafunctionalization of polyfluoroalkynes for the divergent construction of 5-7-membered ()-1,2-difluorovinyl azacycles.

Silver-Promoted Three-Component Synthesis of Perfluoroalkenyl Pyrroles through Partial Defluorinative Functionalization of Perfluoroalkyl Halides.

A silver-promoted three-component heterocyclization of alkynes, perfluoroalkyl halides, and 1,3-dinucleophiles was developed for the efficient synthesis of privileged ()-perfluoroalkenyl pyrroles. The reaction proceeded through a rationally designed sequence of radical perfluoroalkylation and intramolecular defluorinative [3 + 2]-heterocyclization. The utility of perfluoroalkyl halide as a perfluoroalkenyl reagent, by selective and controllable functionalization of two inert C(sp)-F bonds at vicinal carbon centers on the perfluoroalkyl chain, provides a new reaction mode for the synthesis of value-added organofluorides starting from the easily available and low-cost fluorinated feedstock.

A comprehensive clinical evaluation of HER2-TKIs in patients with previously treated HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (HER2-TKIs) have been extensively utilized for treating HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), with numerous clinical trial reports available. We aim to systematically perform a comprehensive clinical evaluation on HER2-TKIs, provide a reference for the clinical rational use of drugs, and serve for the decision-making of the national drug policy. We performed comprehensive clinical evaluation in six dimensions including safety, effectiveness, economy, suitability, accessibility, and innovation through meta-analysis, literature review, drug administration websites, and other relevant medication data to analyze HER2-TKIs in treating HER2-positive MBC.

Percutaneous Fully-endoscopic Anterior Transcorporeal Procedure for the Treatment of Isolated Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament in the Cervical Spine: A Case Report.

Background: With the development of spinal endoscopic techniques, on the basis of our previous experience in treating various types of cervical disc herniation with this endoscopic technique, we took the lead in applying the percutaneous fully endoscopic anterior transcorporeal procedure to be utilized in the treatment of the isolated cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Case Presentation: A 66-year-old male patient who weighed 57 kg, with a height of 169 cm was admitted to the hospital on September 16, 2021 because of recurrent pain and numbness in the neck, shoulder, and right arm for 2 years, which as aggravated for the last 2 weeks. Two years ago, the patient developed neck and shoulder pain accompanied by right arm pain without obvious predisposing factors, and numbness in the first web space of the right hand.

Selective and Controllable Defluorophosphination and Defluorophosphorylation of Trifluoromethylated Enones: An Auxiliary Function of the Carbonyl Group.

The auxiliary function of a carbonyl group in the tunable defluorophosphination and defluorophosphorylation of trifluoromethylated enones with P(O)-containing compounds was demonstrated. Controlled replacement of one or two fluorine atoms in trifluoromethylated enones while maintaining high chemo- and stereoselectivity was achieved under mild conditions, thus enabling diversity-oriented synthesis of skeletally diverse organophosphorus libraries─()-difluoro-1,3-dien-1-yl phosphinates, (1,3)-4-phosphoryl-4-fluoro-buta-1,3-dien-1-yl phosphinates, and ()-4-phosphoryl-4-fluoro-1,3-but-3-en-1-ones─in good yields with excellent functional group tolerance.

Prognostic role of pretreatment circulating MDSCs in patients with solid malignancies: A meta-analysis of 40 studies.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been shown to contribute to tumor progression, mainly through immune suppression. Inverse correlations have been observed between MDSC levels and patient survival for various malignancies. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment circulating MDSCs.

Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Treatment for Malignancies: A Meta-Analysis.

Treatment of cancers with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which could be serious and even fetal. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the characteristics of irAEs associated with the use of such drugs. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched to find potential studies using the following strategies: anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment; irAEs; and cancer.

Allergy reduces the risk of meningioma: a meta-analysis.

Meningiomas are the most common brain tumours; however, little is known regarding their aetiology. The data are inconsistent concerning atopic disease and the risk of developing meningioma. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between allergic conditions and the risk of developing meningioma.

[Study on the Characterization of VNIR-MIR Spectra and Prediction of Soil Organic Matter in Paddy Soil].

Soil organic matter (SOM) is an essential indicator for the fertility assessment of farmland. and An efficient and stable prediction model is in need to rapidly estimate SOM in larger scale. Spectroscopic technology has been proved as a powerful tool to access SOM in the last decade.

Erythropoietin improves glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell damage in experimental diabetic rats.

Previous studies have implicated erythropoietin (EPO) signaling in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Whether EPO can be used treat diabetes and the underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate whether EPO affects glucose metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms, in experimental diabetic rats.

Hepatoprotective effects of erythropoietin on D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice.

Fulminant hepatic failure is a severe clinical syndrome associated with a high rate of patient mortality. Recent studies have shown that in addition to its hematopoietic effect, erythropoietin (EPO) has multiple protective effects and exhibits antiapoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of EPO and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms using a D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced model of acute liver injury.

Liraglutide ameliorates glycometabolism and insulin resistance through the upregulation of GLUT4 in diabetic KKAy mice.

Liraglutide, a long-lasting glucagon‑like peptide‑1 analogue, has been used for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus since 2009. In this study, we investigated the anti-diabetic effects and mechanisms of action of liraglutide in a spontaneous diabetic animal model, using KK/Upj-Ay/J (KKAy) mice. The KKAy mice were divided into 2 groups, the liraglutide group (mice were treated with 250 µg/kg/day liraglutide) and the model group (treated with an equivalent amount of normal saline).

[Estimation and mapping of soil organic matter based on Vis-NIR reflectance spectroscopy].

Visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy, which is rapid, cost-effective, in-situ, nondestructive and without hazardous chemicals, is increasingly being used for prediction and digital soil mapping of soil organic matter (SOM). This method is the inevitable demand for precision agriculture and soil remote sensing mapping. In the present study, the Vis-NIR (350-2 500 nm) diffuse reflectance spectral collected by ASD FieldSpec Pro FR spectrometer was truncated by removing the noisy edge values below 400 nm and above 2 450 nm and then was transformed into apparent absorbance spectral using log(1/ R).

[Outcomes of patients with combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria after treatment].

Objective: Combined methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria is a common form of methylmalonic acidemia in China. Patients with this disease can progress to death without timely and effective treatment. This study aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes of patients with combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria.

NVP-BEZ235, a novel dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, enhances the radiosensitivity of human glioma stem cells in vitro.

Aim: NVP-BEZ235 is a novel dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor and shows dramatic effects on gliomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NVP-BEZ235 on the radiosensitivity and autophagy of glioma stem cells (GSCs) in vitro.

Methods: Human GSCs (SU-2) were tested.

[Using different data mining algorithms to predict soil organic matter based on visible-near infrared spectroscopy].

Using visible/near infrared spectroscopy to model soil properties is very important in current soil sensing research. It can be applied to rapidly access soil information and precision management. In the present study, paddy soil in Zhejiang Province is treated as the research samples.

[Primary carnitine deficiency in 17 patients: diagnosis, treatment and follow up].

Objective: Many children were found to have low free carnitine level in blood by tandem mass spectrometry technology. In some of the cases the problems occurred secondary to malnutrition, organic acidemia and other fatty acid oxidation metabolic diseases, and some of cases had primary carnitine deficiency (PCD). In the present article, we discuss the diagnosis of PCD and evaluate the efficacy of carnitine in the treatment of PCD.

[Application of succinylacetone levels measurement in the blood and urine in the diagnosis of tyrosinemia type 1].

Objective: To establish the diagnostic method of tyrosinemia type 1 and evaluate its value, the succinylacetone levels in the blood of suspected patients with tyrosinemia were tested by tandem mass spectrometry, and the succinylacetone in the urine was tested by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Method: A total of 190 patients suspected of having tyrosinemia, were tested by tandem mass spectrometry for measurement of the level of succinylacetone in the blood, and detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for measurement of the level of succinylacetone and organic acid in the urine. The method of measuring the level of succinylacetone in blood by tandem mass spectrometry as follows: After the diameter of 3 mm dry blood spots were punched into wells of 96-well plate, 100 µl 80% acetonitrile were added into each well, which contained hydrazine monohydrate and the internal standard of succinylacetone.

[Characteristics of thermal infrared hyperspectra and prediction of sand content of sandy soil].

To explore the potential of thermal infrared hyperspecra for retrieving sand content in soil, the sandy soil was measured using a 102F Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroradiometer (FTIR), and the characteristics of sandy soil's emissivity spectra were discussed based on correlation analysis and principal component analysis. Moreover, the sand contents were predicted using two modeling methods: Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and principal component regression (PCR). The results show that the Reststrahlen feature (RF) of SiO2 is obvious in the emissivity spectra of sandy soil with two large asymmetrical absorption troughs near 8.

Rapamycin induces differentiation of glioma stem/progenitor cells by activating autophagy.

Glioma stem/progenitor cells (GSPCs) are considered to be responsible for the initiation, propagation, and recurrence of gliomas. The factors determining their differentiation remain poorly defined. Accumulating evidences indicate that alterations in autophagy may influence cell fate during mammalian development and differentiation.