Salivary serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer.

Background: As one of the most common tumors, gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate, since current examination approaches cannot achieve early diagnosis. (Fn) primarily colonized in the oral cavity, has been reported to be involved in the development of gastrointestinal tumor. Until now, little is known about the relationship between salivary Fn and GC.

Fusobacterium Nucleatum Is a Risk Factor for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Objective: Increasing evidence has indicated that there is a correlation between Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) abundance and poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, tumor metastasis plays a decisive role in the prognosis of CRC patients.

CaMKII-mediated Beclin 1 phosphorylation regulates autophagy that promotes degradation of Id and neuroblastoma cell differentiation.

Autophagy is a degradative pathway that delivers cellular components to the lysosome for degradation. The role of autophagy in cell differentiation is poorly understood. Here we show that CaMKII can directly phosphorylate Beclin 1 at Ser90 to promote K63-linked ubiquitination of Beclin 1 and activation of autophagy.

Antitumor activity of 7RH, a discoidin domain receptor 1 inhibitor, alone or in combination with dasatinib exhibits antitumor effects in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

Dysregulation of the discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) has been implicated in the development of numerous types of tumors, including head and neck cancer, and nasopharyngeal, breast, ovarian and esophageal carcinomas. Furthermore, agents that inhibit DDR1 activity are hypothesized to be useful for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the DDR1 inhibitory (3-(2-(pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-6-yl)-ethynyl)benzamide compound, 7RH, in NPC cells both and , and its effect when used in combination with dasatinib, a SRC family kinase (SFK) inhibitor.

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors promote pro-caspase-8 dimerization that sensitizes cancer cells to DNA-damaging therapy.

The combination of time and order-dependent chemotherapeutic strategies has demonstrated enhanced efficacy in killing cancer cells while minimizing adverse effects. However, the precise mechanism remains elusive. Our results showed that pre-treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib or lapatinib significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effects of DNA-damaging agents compared to coadministration of the EGFR inhibitor and DNA-damaging agent.

Acetylation of Beclin 1 inhibits autophagosome maturation and promotes tumour growth.

Beclin 1, a protein essential for autophagy, regulates autophagy by interacting with Vps34 and other cofactors to form the Beclin 1 complex. Modifications of Beclin 1 may lead to the induction, inhibition or fine-tuning of the autophagic response under a variety of conditions. Here we show that Beclin 1 is acetylated by p300 and deacetylated by SIRT1 at lysine residues 430 and 437.

Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase as a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome acquired resistance to dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors.

Dual PI3K/mTOR(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitors are being evaluated clinically for the treatment of tumors with a hyperactivated PI3K/mTOR pathway. However, unexpected outcomes were obtained in clinical studies of cancer patients with an aberrant PI3K pathway. In clinical trials, applicable combination regimens are not yet available.

DC120, a novel AKT inhibitor, preferentially suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma cancer stem-like cells by downregulating Sox2.

Side population (SP) contains cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs). In this study, we characterized SP cells from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and found that SP cells had a higher self-renewal ability in vitro and greater tumorigenicity in vivo. The AKT pathway was activated in NPC SP cells.

ATM-mediated PTEN phosphorylation promotes PTEN nuclear translocation and autophagy in response to DNA-damaging agents in cancer cells.

PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), a tumor suppressor frequently mutated in human cancer, has various cytoplasmic and nuclear functions. PTEN translocates to the nucleus from the cytoplasm in response to oxidative stress. However, the mechanism and function of the translocation are not completely understood.

Apogossypolone, a small-molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2, induces radiosensitization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by stimulating autophagy.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a major cause of cancer deaths. Concurrent administration of radiation and chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for advanced NPC. Previously, we showed that apogossypolone (ApoG2) induced apoptosis by blocking the binding of Bcl-2 to Bax, arresting the cell cycle in the S phase, in turn inhibiting proliferation of NPC cells both in vitro and in vivo.

A diterpenoid compound, excisanin A, inhibits the invasive behavior of breast cancer cells by modulating the integrin β1/FAK/PI3K/AKT/β-catenin signaling.

Aim: Excisanin A, a diterpenoid compound purified from Isodon macrocalyxin D, has anti-cancer properties with little toxicity. In this study, the anti-invasive effects of excisanin A on breast cancer cells and its molecular mechanism of action were investigated.

Main Methods: MTT, wound healing, transwell chamber and cell adhesion assays were utilized to investigate the effects of excisanin A on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cells.

FRET-based ratiometric fluorescent probes for selective Fe3+ sensing and their applications in mitochondria.

Efficient ratiometric fluorescent Fe(3+) probes were designed and synthesized by linking a conjugated naphthalene chromophore to a rhodamine platform and a lipophilic triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation. The probes could sensitively and selectively detect mitochondrial Fe(3+) in living cells.

Aggregation-induced emission of a novel conjugated phosphonium salt and its application in mitochondrial imaging.

A new conjugated phosphonium salt TPP was synthesized readily from phosphine-triggered ring-opening of 2,4,5-triphenylpyrylium salt. In aqueous solution, it exhibited interesting AIEE properties and self-assembled into fluorescent nanoparticles, which can be used as a fluorescence probe to image mitochondria in cells.

Isolation and structural elucidation of chondrosterins F-H from the marine fungus Chondrostereum sp.

The marine fungus Chondrostereum sp. was collected from a soft coral of the species Sarcophyton tortuosum from the South China Sea. Three new compounds, chondrosterins F-H (1, 4 and 5), together with three known compounds, incarnal (2), arthrosporone (3), and (2E)-decene-4,6,8-triyn-1-ol (6), were isolated.

Hirsutanol A, a novel sesquiterpene compound from fungus Chondrostereum sp., induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth through mitochondrial-independent ROS production: hirsutanol A inhibits tumor growth through ROS production.

Background: Hirsutanol A is a novel sesquiterpene compound purified from fungus Chondrostereum sp. in Sarcophyton tortuosum. Our previous studies had demonstrated that hirsutanol A exhibited potent cytotoxic effect on many kinds of cancer cell lines.

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early cancer detection.

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules, which are associated with specific proteins to form small nucleolar ribonucleoparticles. However, the function of snoRNAs in cancer still remains elusive. Recently, several independent lines of evidence have indicated that these ncRNAs might have crucial roles in controlling tumorigenesis, and snoRNAs could be potential biomarkers for cancer.

Hirsutanol A induces apoptosis and autophagy via reactive oxygen species accumulation in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Hirsutanol A is a novel sesquiterpene compound purified from the marine fungus Chondrostereum sp in the coral Sarcophyton tortuosum. Our previous studies had demonstrated that hirsutanol A exerted potent cytotoxic effect in many kinds of cancer cell lines. Here, the anticancer molecular mechanisms of hirsutanol A were investigated in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Houttuyninum, an active constituent of Chinese herbal medicine, inhibits phosphorylation of HER2/neu receptor tyrosine kinase and the tumor growth of HER2/neu-overexpressing cancer cells.

Aims: The overexpression of HER2/neu receptor plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Small molecules targeting HER2/neu have therapeutic value in cancers that overexpress HER2. In this present study, the effect of houttuyninum, a component in the Chinese herbal medicine Houttuynia cordata Thunb, on HER2/neu tyrosine phosphorylation and its in vivo antitumour activity was investigated.