Partially sintered copper‒ceria as excellent catalyst for the high-temperature reverse water gas shift reaction.

For high-temperature catalytic reaction, it is of significant importance and challenge to construct stable active sites in catalysts. Herein, we report the construction of sufficient and stable copper clusters in the copper‒ceria catalyst with high Cu loading (15 wt.%) for the high-temperature reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction.

Generation of the Surface Oxygen Vacancies in a Copper-Ceria Catalyst for the Water-Gas Shift Reaction.

The dissociation of HO is a crucial aspect for the water-gas shift reaction, which often occurs on the vacancies of a reducible oxide support. However, the vacancies sometimes run off, thus inhibiting HO dissociation. After high-temperature treatment, the ceria supports were lacking vacancies because of sintering.

Facile Fabrication of CeO-AlO Hollow Sphere with Atomically Dispersed Fe via Spray Pyrolysis.

A facile spray pyrolysis method is introduced to construct the hollow CeO-AlO spheres with atomically dispersed Fe. Only nitrates and ethanol were involved during the one-step preparation process using the ultrasound spray pyrolysis approach. Detailed explorations demonstrated that differences in the pyrolysis temperature of the precursors and heat transfer are crucial to the formation of the hollow nanostructure.

Distribution characteristics of soil particle size in alpine steppe and alpine meadow in the source region of the Yangtze River, China.

To explore the heterogeneity of spatial distribution and particle size distribution (PSD) in the main underlying surface soil in the source area of the Yangtze River, we used the fractal theory to describe the soil particle size distribution of alpine steppe and alpine meadow, and analyzed the difference of fractal dimension characteristics of soil of two different underlying surface and its relationship with soil particle composition. The results showed that soil particle size in the study area was mainly concentrated in 100-800 μm. The single fractal dimension () of alpine steppe soil was 2.

Highly Efficient CuO/α-MnO Catalyst for Low-Temperature CO Oxidation.

Copper manganese composite (hopcalite) catalyst has been widely explored for low-temperature CO oxidation reactions. However, the previous reports on the stabilization of such composite catalysts have shown that they deactivated severely under moist conditions. Herein, we developed an α-MnO nanorod-supported copper oxide catalyst that is very active and stable for the conditions with or without moisture by the deposition precipitation (DP) method.

Construction of Active Site in a Sintered Copper-Ceria Nanorod Catalyst.

The construction of stable active site in nanocatalysts is of great importance but is a challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. Unexpectedly, coordination-unsaturated and atomically dispersed copper species were constructed and stabilized in a sintered copper-ceria catalyst through air-calcination at 800 °C. This sintered copper-ceria catalyst showed a very high activity for CO oxidation with a CO consumption rate of 6100 μmol·g·s at 120 °C, which was at least 20 times that of other reported copper catalysts.

Pt-Embedded CuO -CeO Multicore-Shell Composites: Interfacial Redox Reaction-Directed Synthesis and Composition-Dependent Performance for CO Oxidation.

Exploring the state-of-the-art heterogeneous catalysts has been a general concern for sustainable and clean energy. Here, Pt-embedded CuO -CeO multicore-shell (Pt/CuO -CeO MS) composites are fabricated at room temperature via a one-pot and template-free procedure for catalyzing CO oxidation, a classical probe reaction, showing a volcano-shaped relationship between the composition and catalytic activity. We experimentally unravel that the Pt/CuO -CeO MS composites are derived from an interfacial autoredox process, where Pt nanoparticles (NPs) are in situ encapsulated by self-assembled ceria nanospheres with CuO clusters adhered through deposition/precipitation-calcination process.

Role of Wnt5a in the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into endometrium-like cells.

Objective: To explore the effects of Wnt5a and Wint7a on the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into endometrium-like cells, and provide a basis for establishing endometrium-like cell models and a cell source for carrying out further endometrium-related experiments.

Methods: The hESCs established by our center were differentiated into endometrium-like cells in 4 different media including Wnt5a (Group A), Wnt7a (Group B), secreted frizzled related protein (sFRP, an inhibitor of Wnt signal pathway, Group C) and medium alone (Group D). In the differentiated terminal cells, the expressions of cytokeratin (CK) and vimentin were detected with immunofluorescence, and the mRNA levels of CK18, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) were determined with RT-PCR.

Chromosome dynamic changes in two cultured Chinese human embryonic stem cell lines: single nucleotide polymorphism, copy number variation and loss of heterozygosity.

The quality and safety of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in clinical application depend on gene stability. Two Chinese hESC lines, Zh1 and Zh21, were incubated over a long period. We observed and compared the gene stability in the passage numbers 20, 17 for Zh1 cell line and passage numbers 27, 60, 68 for Zh21 cell line.