[Effects of manure substituting chemical nitrogen fertilizer on rubber seedling growth and soil environment.].

The substitution of manure for chemical nitrogen fertilizers has great impacts on the growth of rubber seedlings and soil environment, with implications for rubber cultivation and transplantation and soil environment improvement. In this study, rubber seedlings of thermal research '7-33-97' strain were cultivated under four treatments: No fertilizer application (CK), only application of chemical fertilizer (N), manure replacing 50% chemical fertilizer (M+N), and manure replacing 100% chemical fertilizer (M). Plants parameters (including plant height, basal diameter, biomass, and chlorophyll), soil physicochemical properties (including pH, soil organic carbon and nitrogen, soil enzyme activities), and their relationships were investigated.

[Effects of Water and Fertilization Management on CH and NO Emissions in Double-rice Paddy Fields in Tropical Regions].

Paddy soils are widely considered a main source of methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO). Comprehensively evaluating CH and NO emissions from double-rice systems in tropical regions with different water irrigation and fertilizer applications is of great significance for addressing greenhouse gas emissions from such systems in China. In this study, eight treatments were evaluated:conventional irrigation-PK fertilizer (D-PK), conventional irrigation-NPK fertilizer (D-NPK), conventional irrigation-NPK+organic fertilizer (D-NPK+M), conventional irrigation-organic fertilizer (D-M), continuous flooding-PK fertilizer (F-PK), continuous flooding-NPK fertilizer (F-NPK), continuous flooding-NPK+organic fertilizer (F-NPK+M), and continuous flooding-organic fertilizer (F-M).