A rare case of a combination of ectopic kidney and medial arcuate ligament syndrome: a case report.

Background: Ectopic kidney and median arcuate ligament syndrome are both rare conditions. The clinical presentation and diagnosis of these conditions are not well studied. There are no reports on the combination of these two rare conditions.

Sexual and bladder dysfunction in male ketamine abusers: A large-scale questionnaire study.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in the illicit male ketamine abusers (KA).

Materials And Methods: The male street KAs caught by policemen and patients visiting urologic clinics were invited to answer a structured questionnaire including demographic data, illicit drug use related details (duration, frequency, dosage and abstinence status), international prostate symptoms score (IPSS), interstitial cystitis symptoms and problem index (ICSI and ICPI) and International index of erectile function (IIEF-5). Erectile dysfunction was defined as IIEF-5 ≦21.