Effects of VO nanoparticles on human liver HepG2 cells: Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.

The rapid development of smart materials stimulates the production of vanadium dioxide (VO) nanomaterials. This significantly increases the population exposure to VO nanomaterials via different pathways, and thus urges us to pay more attentions to their biosafety. Liver is the primary accumulation organ of nanomaterials in vivo, but the knowledge of effects of VO nanomaterials on the liver is extremely lacking.

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of low-dose vanadium dioxide nanoparticles to lung cells following long-term exposure.

Vanadium dioxide nanoparticles (VO NPs) have been massively produced and widely applied due to their excellent metal-insulator transition property, making it extremely urgent to evaluate their safety, especially for low-dose long-term respiratory occupational exposure. Here, we report a comprehensive cytotoxicity and genotoxicity study on VO NPs to lung cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B following a long-term exposure. A commercial VO NP, S-VO, was used to treat BEAS-2B (0.

Cytotoxicity of vanadium oxide nanoparticles and titanium dioxide-coated vanadium oxide nanoparticles to human lung cells.

Due to excellent metal-insulator transition property, vanadium dioxide nanoparticles (VO NPs)-based nanomaterials are extensively studied and applied in various fields, and thus draw safety concerns of VO NPs exposure through various routes. Herein, the cytotoxicity of VO NPs (N-VO ) and titanium dioxide-coated VO NPs (T-VO ) to typical human lung cell lines (A549 and BEAS-2B) was studied by using a series of biological assays. It was found that both VO NPs induced a dose-dependent cytotoxicity, and the two cell lines displayed similar sensitivity to VO NPs.

Unexpected Size Effect: The Interplay between Different-Sized Nanoparticles in Their Cellular Uptake.

The size effect on the cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) has been extensively studied, but it is still not well understood. Herein, a reductionist approach is used to minimize all influencing factors except the particle size, and co-exposure of different-sized silica nanoparticles (SNPs) is adopted instead of the common single exposure. SNPs are found being internalized by Hela cells in serum-free medium mainly via clathrin-dependent endocytosis, thus simplifying the data analysis for reliable attribution to size effects.

Toxicity assessment and mechanistic investigation of engineered monoclinic VO nanoparticles.

Growing interest in monoclinic VO2 nanoparticles (NPs) among consumers and the industries of window coatings, solar sensors etc. has brought particular attention to their safety concerns. The toxicity of this new class of nanomaterials in bacterial ecosystems has not yet been evaluated.

Biological effect of food additive titanium dioxide nanoparticles on intestine: an in vitro study.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely found in food-related consumer products. Understanding the effect of TiO2 NPs on the intestinal barrier and absorption is essential and vital for the safety assessment of orally administrated TiO2 NPs. In this study, the cytotoxicity and translocation of two native TiO2 NPs, and these two TiO2 NPs pretreated with the digestion simulation fluid or bovine serum albumin were investigated in undifferentiated Caco-2 cells, differentiated Caco-2 cells and Caco-2 monolayer.