Full particle-in-cell simulation of the formation and structure of a collisional plasma shock wave.

The formation and structure of a collisional shock wave in a fully ionized plasma is studied via full particle-in-cell simulations, which allows the complex momentum and energy transfer processes between different charged particles to be treated self-consistently. The kinetic energy of the plasma flow drifting towards a reflecting piston is found to be rapidly converted into thermal motion under the cooperative effects of ion-ion collisions, ion-electron collisions, and electric field charged-particle interactions. The subsequent shock evolution is influenced by the "precursor" ion beam before a quasisteady state is reached.

[Construction and expression of eukaryotic expression vector of NS1 protein of influenza A (H1N1)].

Aim: To insert the full-length NS1 gene of influenza A (H1N1) into an eukaryotic expression vector PXJ40-HA, and to evaluate the expression of NS1 gene in transfected 293T cells.

Methods: The NS1 gene of influenza A (H1N1) was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pMD18-T vector to construct a plasmid, named pMD18-T-NS1.The pMD18-T-NS1 and the PXJ40-HA were both digested using the same restrict enzymes and ligated, yielding the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector PXJ40-HA-NS1.