Water reclamation and microbial community investigation: Treatment of tetramethylammonium hydroxide wastewater through an anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor hybrid system.

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is a toxic photoresist developer used in the photolithography process in thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) production, and it can be removed through anaerobic treatment. TMAH cannot be released into the environment because of its higher toxicity. A tight membrane, such as a forward osmosis (FO) membrane, together with an anaerobic biological process can ensure that no TMAH is released into the environment.

Recovery of iodide as triiodide from thin-film transistor liquid crystal display wastewater by forward osmosis.

Triiodide, a larger charged molecule compared to iodide, is thermodynamically favored with the presence of both iodide and iodine, and is easier to be retained by membrane processes. For the first time, iodide was recovered in the form of triiodide by forward osmosis (FO) for thin-film transistor liquid crystal display industries by preoxidation of iodide to triiodide. Partial oxidation by NaOCl was used to convert the iodide to iodine and then to form triiodide.

Innovative upflow anaerobic sludge osmotic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment.

A novel upflow anaerobic sludge-forward osmotic membrane bioreactor was developed for simultaneous wastewater treatment, membrane fouling reduction, and nutrient recovery. An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was incorporated into the system, suspending the anaerobic sludge at the bottom of the reactor. A forward osmosis membrane replaced the traditional three-phase separator of the UASB technology.

Influence of micelle properties on micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for chromium recovery.

An investigation of micelle properties on the recovery of chromium for micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) process was conducted using cationic surfactant of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The relationship between degree of ionization, micellar sizes and chromium removal were determined in this study. The results showed that the complete ionization for CTA+ and Br- was observed for CTAB lower than 0.