Plasma tyrosine and its interaction with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese.

Aims/introduction: Metabolomic markers have the potential to improve the predicting accuracy of existing risk scores for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed to test the associations between plasma tyrosine and type 2 diabetes mellitus with special attention to identifying possible cut-off points for type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its interactive effects with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and/or high triglyceride for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: From 27 May 2015 to 3 August 2016, we retrieved the medical notes of 1,898 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as the cases, and 1,522 individuals without diabetes as the controls who attended annual medical checkups from the same tertiary care center in Jinzhou, China.

[Estradiol significantly increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes in osteoporotic rats and osteoblasts in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effect of estradiol on the expression of antioxidant enzymes in osteoblasts and its role in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods: Rat models of osteoporosis established by ovariectomy were treated with estradiol for 3 months, and the changes in serum levels of reactive oxygen species (HO) and antioxidant enzymes (γ -GCS, GSH-ST and GSH-px) were detected. The effects of estradiol on the expression of γ -GCS mRNA and protein in osteoblast-like cells MC3T3-E1, MG63 and OB were examined with PCR and Western blotting.

[A method for efficient transduction of miR-483-5p in the kidney of mice].

Objective: To establish a method for gene delivery in murine renal tissue using lentivirus vector encoding miR-483-5p.

Methods: Thirty-five C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, low-dose treatment group (5 µL each kidney) , and high?dose treatment group (20 µL each kidney), and in the latter two groups, the lentivirus vector encoding miR-483-5p were injected in the renal cortex. The tissue samples were collected at 7 and 21 days after the injection.

The inhibition of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) by tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

1. UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are important drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) catalyzing the glucuronidation elimination of various xenobiotics and endogenous substances. Endogenous substances are important regulators for the activity of various UGT isoforms.