Additive effect of clove essential oil combined with hydrogen inhalation improves psychological harm caused by lipopolysaccharide in mice.

Background: Psychological anxiety and depression, as well as memory impairment, are frequently linked to inflammation. Clove essential oil (CEO) administration and hydrogen (H) inhalation have been proven to have anti-inflammatory and alleviating effects on related psychological disorders in the past. The current study investigated the potential to improve anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive function by a combination of CEO and H treatment.

Hydrogen Gas Inhalation Treatment for Coronary Artery Lesions in a Kawasaki Disease Mouse Model.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a syndrome primarily affecting young children, typically under the age of five, and is characterized by the development of acute vasculitis. Through extensive research conducted on both murine and human subjects, it has been demonstrated that heightened levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in the development of KD, especial coronary artery lesions (CALs). Hydrogen gas exhibits potent antioxidant properties that effectively regulate ROS production and the inflammatory response.

Positive Echocardiographic Association between Carotid Artery and Coronary Artery Diameter and Z-Score in a Mouse Model of Kawasaki Disease.

Unlabelled: Kawasaki disease (KD) occurs in young children, has an unknown etiology, and can cause such life-threatening complications as coronary artery aneurysm. A mouse model using cell wall extract (LCWE) with intraperitoneal injection was established for KD years ago. Histological examination of coronary artery lesions indicated features similar to those of vascular lesions of patients with KD.

Antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of Camellia oleifera seed dreg extract and its application in cosmetics.

Background: Cosmetic care products contain a high proportion of water and nutrients. Therefore, preventing bacterial growth is an important issue to ensure product quality and safety. The application of antibacterial natural ingredients derived from plants is considered to have the potential to maintain product quality and reduce the use of chemicals in formulations.

subsp. strain TCI904 reduces body weight gain, modulates immune response, improves metabolism and anxiety in high fat diet-induced obese mice.

Unlabelled: The multiple probiotic characteristics of strain TCI904 isolated in this study from natural fermented milk were investigated using a mouse model. TCI904 was identified as subsp. (LDB, a well-known lactic acid starter bacterium found in yogurt.

Mechanistic Insights into the Inhibitory Activities of Chemical Constituents from the Fruits of Terminalia boivinii on α-Glucosidase.

Regulation of key digestive enzymes is currently considered an effective remedy for diabetes mellitus. In this study, bioactive constituents were purified from Terminalia boivinii fruits and identified by H-NMR, C-NMR and EI-MS. In vitro and in silico methods were used to evaluate α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase inhibition activities.

Tea Seed Kaempferol Triglycoside Attenuates LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation and Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments in a Mouse Model.

(1) Background: The current research intended to obtain functional compounds from agricultural by-products. A functional tea seed flavonoid, kaempferol-3-O-[2-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-6-O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl]-β-d-glucopyranoside (KXRG), was isolated from tea seed dregs. We further determined its chemical structure and evaluated the protective effects of KXRG against local and systemic inflammation in vivo; (2) Methods: First, cytotoxicity and proinflammatory cytokine release were examined in a cell-culture system.

Extraction Procedure, Characteristics, and Feasibility of (Chlorophyta) Polysaccharide Extract as a Cosmetic Ingredient.

The green alga , which is native to Taiwan, has a relatively high economic value and a well-developed culture technique, and is used mainly as a foodstuff. Its extract has been shown to exhibit antitumor properties, but the polysaccharide content of the extract and its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects and moisture-absorption and -retention capacity remain unknown. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the polysaccharides in extract (CME) for use in cosmetics.

Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Oil in Combination With Swimming Training Improves Spatial Memory and Sports Performance of Aging Rats.

In this study, waste fat from the Chinese soft-shelled turtle () was used as the raw material, and soft-shelled turtle oil (SSTO) was extracted by water heating. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of SSTO revealed that unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) comprised more than 70% of the oil, of which more than 20% were omega-3 poly-UFAs. DPPH radical scavenging and cellular ROS assays confirmed the reduction of oxidative stress by SSTO.

Potentiation of Differentiation and Apoptosis in a Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line by Garlic Essential Oil and Its Organosulfur Compounds.

Background/aim: The clinical course of acute leukemia is complicated, and it is often necessary to combine or change treatment methods due to the rapid increase and spread of malignant cells. In this study, the potential anti-leukemia activities of prepared garlic essential oil (GEO) and some organosulfur compounds contained therein were examined.

Materials And Methods: Garlic essential oil component identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Characterization of Novel Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Soft-Shelled Turtle Yolk Hydrolysate Using Orthogonal Bioassay-Guided Fractionations Coupled with In Vitro and In Silico Study.

Five novel peptides (LPLF, WLQL, LPSW, VPGLAL, and LVGLPL) bearing dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities were identified from the gastrointestinal enzymatic hydrolysate of soft-shelled turtle yolk (SSTY) proteins. Peptides were isolated separately using reversed-phase (RP) chromatography in parallel with off-line strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to determine sequences. Among these peptides, LPSW showed the highest DPP-IV inhibitory activity with an IC value of 269.

Development of an immunoassay using recombinant outer membrane protein A and flagellin for diagnosis of goats with melioidosis.

Among domestic animals, melioidosis is one of the most common diseases reported in goat, sheep, and swine. To evaluate the specific antibodies in goats with melioidosis, we developed a serology test using recombinant outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and flagellin (FliC) of Burkholderia pseudomallei as antigens. DNA corresponding to each antigen was cloned into a pET32a vector and expressed in Escherichia coli.

Apoptosis Induction by Pseudorabies Virus via Oxidative Stress and Subsequent DNA Damage Signaling.

Background: Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection induces apoptosis in swine cells both in vitro and in vivo; however, the mechanism associated with host-cell signaling has not been studied. This study investigated the role of free radicals caused by cellular oxidative stress after viral infection and examined whether the DNA damage response plays an important role in PRV-induced apoptosis.

Methods: Several apoptosis assays and western blotting confirmed PRV-induced apoptosis.

Antioxidant activity and leukemia initiation prevention and by N-acetyl-L-cysteine.

-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is the most abundant water-soluble component of garlic. No study to date has studied the leukemia prevention ability of NAC in mouse systemic leukemia model. The current study aimed to investigate the leukemia initiation prevention potential of NAC in a mouse model.

Novel purification method and antibiotic activity of recombinant Momordica charantia MAP30.

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a group of enzymes originally isolated from plants that possess the ability to damage ribosomes in an irreversible manner, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. In this study, we aimed to purify recombinant RIPs, investigate their function in the treatment of bacterial infection, and determine their toxicity in mice. We employed a pMAL protein fusion and purification system using E.

Ursolic Acid Suppresses Hepatitis B Virus X Protein-mediated Autophagy and Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance.

Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein is a multifunctional oncoprotein that affects diverse cell activities via regulation of various host cell signaling pathways. The current investigation demonstrated that ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, protected hepatoma cells and reduced HBx-mediated autophagy through modulation of Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA). Low-level ectopic HBx expression in Huh7 cells induced more significant autophagosome formation than high-level HBx expression.

Potentiation of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Differentiation and Prevention of Leukemia Development in Mice by Oleanolic Acid.

Although differentiation therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces complete remission in most acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients, it is associated with organ toxicity. The present study focused on investigating the effects of the natural compounds oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) on proliferation and differentiation of human APL HL-60 cells in vitro and murine APL WEHI-3 cells in vivo. Results demonstrated that OA and UA significantly inhibited cellular proliferation of HL-60 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.

miRNA-7/21/107 contribute to HBx-induced hepatocellular carcinoma progression through suppression of maspin.

Maspin suppresses tumor progression by promoting cell adhesion and apoptosis and by inhibiting cell motility. However, its role in tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. The gene regulation of maspin and its relationship with HCC patient prognosis were investigated in this study.

RhoA/ROCK1 regulates Avian Reovirus S1133-induced switch from autophagy to apoptosis.

Background: Autophagy is an essential process in the control of cellular homeostasis. It enables cells under certain stress conditions to survive by removing toxic cellular components, and may protect cells from apoptosis. In the present study, the signaling pathways involved in ARV S1133 regulated switch from autophagy to apoptosis were investigated.

Avian reovirus S1133-induced apoptosis is associated with Bip/GRP79-mediated Bim translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum.

In this study the mechanism of avian reovirus (ARV) S1133-induced pathogenesis was investigated, with a focus on the contribution of ER stress to apoptosis. Our results showed that upregulation of the ER stress response protein, as well as caspase-3 activation, occurred in ARV S1133-infected cultured cells and in SPF White Leghorn chicks organs. Upon infection, Bim was translocated specifically to the ER, but not mitochondria, in the middle to late infectious stages.

Isolation and characterization of a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory tripeptide from enzymatic hydrolysis of soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) egg white: in vitro, in vivo, and in silico study.

In this study, a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory tripeptide (IVR) was isolated and identified from unfertilized soft-shelled turtle egg white (SSTEW). The IC50 value of IVR was measured in vitro as low as 0.81 ± 0.

Suppression of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus Us3 protein kinase through the activation of PI3-K/Akt and NF-κB pathways.

The pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a major viral disease that causes huge economic loss in the pig industry globally. Most viruses have been found to generate anti-apoptotic factors that facilitate cell survival in the early stages of infection. This study aimed to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of PRV and study the underlying mechanisms in the early stage of infection.

Norcucurbitane triterpenoids from the fruits of Momordica charantia var. abbreviata.

Two new 27-norcucurbitane triterpenoids, 27-nor-3beta-hydroxy-7beta-methoxycucurbita-5,23(E)-dien-25-one (1) and 27-nor-3beta-hydroxy-5beta,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23(E)-dien-25-one (2), together with two known cucurbitane triterpenes, 23(E)-7beta-methoxycucurbita-5,23,25-trien-3beta-ol (3) and 5beta,19-epoxy-25-methoxycucurbita-6,23(E)-dien-3beta-ol (4), were isolated from the fruits of Momordica charantia var. abbreviata. Their structures were determined by analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with the data of known analogues.

Cucurbitane-type triterpenoids from the fruit pulp of Momordica charantia.

Three new cucurbitane-type triterpenoids, 5beta,19-epoxy-23(R)-methoxycucurbita-6,24-dien-3beta-ol (1), 5beta,19-epoxy-23(S)-methoxycucurbita-6,24-dien-3beta-ol (2), and 3beta-hydroxy-23(R)-methoxycucurbita-6,24-dien-5beta,19-olide (3), were isolated from the fruit pulp of Momordica charantia. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive NMR (1H, 13C, COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and EI-MS studies. Compound 1 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the SK-Hep 1 cell line.