The hazard analysis of passenger-cargo ferries: a revised risk matrix model based on fuzzy best-worst method.

Improving hazards in maritime transport is essential to maintain the reliability and sustainability of the industry, ensure safety and security, and support global trade and economic growth. This paper is aimed at analyzing the hazards of passenger-cargo ferries (PCFs). The novelty of this paper is fourfold: (1) developing a revised risk matrix (RRM) model with considering the adaptability-based resilience of organization to assess PCFs' hazards, (2) identifying risk factors (RFs) in ferry navigation and developing adaptive strategies to mitigate hazards, (3) applying the fuzzy best-worst method (BWM) to determine the RFs' weight, and (4) employing the leading Taiwanese passenger-cargo ferry operator (the Taiwan-ferries case) as an empirical study to verify the proposed model.

Mitigating marine debris: Addressing abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gears (ALDFGs) in the Sulu-Sulawesi Seas through trilateral cooperation between the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia.

Marine debris substantially threatens the world's marine ecosystems, national economies, and human well-being, particularly those living in the coastal areas. Among the types of marine debris, abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gears (ALDFGs) are the most challenging, contributing substantially to marine pollution. The Sulu-Sulawesi Seas, a region rich in biodiversity but heavily impacted by fishing activities and ALDFGs, is the focus of this study.