Computing pulsatile blood flow of coronary artery under incomplete boundary conditions.

Background: Accurate measurement of pulsatile blood flow in the coronary arteries enables coronary wave intensity analysis, which can serve as an indicator for assessing coronary artery physiology and myocardial viability. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods integrating coronary angiography images and fractional flow reserve (FFR) offer a novel approach for computing mean coronary blood flow. However, previous methods neglect the inertial effect of blood flow, which may have great impact on pulsatile blood flow calculation.

Dynamic changes in microglia in the mouse hippocampus during administration and withdrawal of the CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397.

Pexidartinib (PLX3397), a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, is currently in phase 1-3 clinical trials as a treatment for a variety of tumours. CSF1R signalling regulates the development, survival and maintenance of microglia, the resident brain innate immune cells. In this study, we examined the effects of PLX3397 in the drinking water of mice on microglia in the hippocampus using ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1, a microglial marker) immunocytochemistry.

Phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three Potentilla species.

Background: Extracts from Potentilla species have been applied in traditional medicine and exhibit antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anti-ulcerogenic properties, but little has been known about the diversity of phytochemistry and pharmacology on this genus. This study investigated and compared the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts from three Potentilla species (Potentilla fruticosa, Potentilla glabra and Potentilla parvifolia) in order to discover new resources for lead structures and pharmaceutical products.

Methods: Chemical composition and content of six phenolic compounds were evaluated and determined by RP-HPLC; Total phenolic and total flavonoid content were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau colourimetric method and sodium borohydride/chloranil-based method (SBC); Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays; Antimicrobial properties were investigated by agar dilution and mycelial growth rate method.

A new isorhamnetin glycoside and other phenolic compounds from Callianthemum taipaicum.

A new flavonol glycoside together with five known phenolic compounds were isolated from the whole herb of Callianthemum taipaicum. The compounds were identified as isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-arabinoside-7-O-β-D-glucoside (1), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), dibutyl phthalate (3), (+)-1-hydroxylpinoresinol-4'-β-D-glucoside (4), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (5) and 2-phenylethyl-β-primeveroside (6). Compound 1 was identified as a new flavonol glycoside.