Analyzing Immune Cell Infiltration and Copper Metabolism in Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Background: Diabetes impairs wound healing, notably in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Stress, marked by the accumulation of lipoylated mitochondrial enzymes and the depletion of Fe-S cluster proteins, triggers cuproptosis-a distinct form of cell death. The involvement of copper in the pathophysiology of DFU has been recognized, and currently, a copper-based therapeutic strategy is emerging as a viable option for enhancing ulcer healing.

Panaxynol ameliorates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing NLRP3-induced pyroptosis and apoptosis via HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB axis.

Background And Purpose: Panaxynol (PNN) is a common natural minor component in Umbelliferae plants. Many clinical studies have shown that PNN exhibits nutritional value and anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological activities. However, whether PNN can mediate cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unclear.

Degraded melanocores are incompetent to protect epidermal keratinocytes against UV damage.

Melanosomes are membrane-bound intracellular organelles that are uniquely generated by melanocytes (MCs) in the basal layer of human epidermis. Highly pigmented mature melanosomes are transferred from MCs to keratinocytes (KCs), and then positioned in the supra-nuclear region to ensure protection against ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, the molecular mechanism underlying melanosome (or melanin pigment) transfer remains enigmatic.

Baicalin increases hair follicle development by increasing canonical Wnt/β‑catenin signaling and activating dermal papillar cells in mice.

Baicalin is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine commonly used for hair loss, the precise molecular mechanism of which is unknown. In the present study, the mechanism of baicalin was investigated via the topical application of baicalin to reconstituted hair follicles on mice dorsa and evaluating the effect on canonical Wnt/β‑catenin signaling in the hair follicles and the activity of dermal papillar cells. The results indicate that baicalin stimulates the expression of Wnt3a, Wnt5a, frizzled 7 and disheveled 2 whilst inhibiting the Axin/casein kinase 1α/adenomatous polyposis coli/glycogen synthase kinase 3β degradation complex, leading to accumulation of β‑catenin and activation of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling.

Induction of retinal-dependent calcium influx in human melanocytes by UVA or UVB radiation contributes to the stimulation of melanosome transfer.

Objectives: The transfer of melanosomes from melanocytes to neighbouring keratinocytes is critical to protect the skin from the deleterious effects of ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation; however, the initial factor(s) that stimulates melanosome transfer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the induction of retinal-dependent calcium (Ca ) influx in melanocytes (MCs) by UVA or UVB irradiation and the effect of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1) (melastatin1)-related Ca influx on melanosome transfer.

Materials And Methods: Primary human epidermal MCs were exposed to physiological doses of UVB or UVA light and loaded with a calcium indicator Fluo-4 dye.