A review on triterpenoid and triterpenoid saponins from Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bung.

Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge, also known as Tu-Mu-Gua and Wen-Dan-Ge-Zi, has several applications. Clinical data and experimental studies have shown anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant properties of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge that inhibits prostate hyperplasia, lowers blood pressure and lipid level, and treats enuresis and urinary incontinence. It also has neuroprotective effects and can treat Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's syndrome.

Two pyrrole acids isolated from Phyllanthus emblica L. and their bioactivities.

An undescribed pyrrole acid, 1-(4'-methoxy-4'-oxobutyl)-1 H-pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (1) and one known pyrrole acid (2) were isolated from the fruits of Phyllanthus emblica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated via the comprehensive analyses of IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D spectroscopic data. A series of biological assays revealed that compounds 1 and 2 could inhibit LPS-induced over-production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by reducing the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in RAW 264.

Isolation of two rare N-glycosides from Ginkgo biloba and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Two rare N-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1H-indole-3-acetic acid conjugates, N-[2-(1-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]-L-glutamic acid (1) and N-[2-(1-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]-L-aspartic acid (2) were isolated from Ginkgo biloba. The structures were elucidated by analyses of HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. In addition, a simplified and efficient synthetic route for compounds 1 and 2 is also disclosed to determine the absolute configurations of them.

[Grades evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix pieces based on quality constant].

The quality constant evaluation method was applied in the grade evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix pieces. Nineteen batches of Scrophulariae Radix were measured for the appearance index. Harpagide and harpagoside were taken as index components for the content determination.

[Application of relative quality constant in grades evaluation of bran stir-baked Aurantii Fructus].

The specifications of Chinese herbal medicines naturally form and exist in the circulation and use of Chinese herbal medicines.Buyers and sellers negotiate price by quality. With the increasing demand for public health care,the cultivation,processing methods and circulation of Chinese herbal medicines have changed.

[Preparation and quality standard of standard decoction of Chinese herbal medicine containing volatile components-case study of Moutan Cortex].

To prepare the standard decoction of Moutan Cortex, and research its quality standard. According to the preparation principle of standard decoction of Chinese herbal medicines, the extraction conditions were optimized, and the 14 batches of standard decoction of Moutan Cortex were prepared. The content of paeonol was determined by HPLC; the transfer rate was calculated; and the extraction rate, pH value and the fingerprint of the decoction were determined.

Triterpenoid Saponins from the Seeds of Aesculus chinensis and Their Cytotoxicities.

Six new triterpenoid saponins, aesculusosides A-F (1-6), together with 19 known ones, were isolated from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis. The new structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with previously reported data. Some of the isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 cell line by an MTT assay, and compounds 15, 16, 19, and 23-25 exhibited inhibitory activities against MCF-7 with IC values ranging from 7.

[Grades evaluation of Phellodendri chinensis cortex pieces based on quality constant].

Quality constant is a comprehensive grades evaluation method for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, which is better but based on traditional way. In this paper, a new grading mode for Phellodendri chinensis pieces was established based on quality constant evaluation method. The results showed that the range of relative quality constant for 15 batches of different samples was from 0.

[Grades evaluation of Scutellariae Radix slices based on quality constant].

By measuring the morphological indexes and the marker components content of 22 batches of Scutellariae Radix slices as well as calculating the quality constant, this research was aimed to establish a new method of evaluating the specifications and grades of Scutellariae Radix slices. The quality constants of these samples were in the range of 0.04-0.