Altered functional connectivity in default mode network maintains attention task performance in school-age children with frontal lobe tumor.

This study examines functional brain network changes in children with frontal lobe tumors (FLT). Ten pediatric FLT patients from Beijing Tiantan Hospital and 20 healthy children were compared in terms of cognitive performance and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) connectivity. The FLT group showed lower cognitive performance, particularly in visual and working memory domains, but had comparable attention abilities to the healthy controls.

Application of the CNS vital signs test and WISC-IV in the cognitive assessment of Chinese pediatric patients with intra-cranial space occupying lesion.

Background: A fast and reliable neurocognitive assessment tool is required for pediatric patients with an intracranial space-occupying lesion (ICSOL).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 41 pediatric patients having ICSOL. Cognitive abilities were assessed using both WISC-IV and CNS Vital Signs (CNS VS).

Postoperative Complications of Microscopic Fenestration for Middle Fossa Arachnoid Cysts: A Retrospective Study of 38 Cases and Literature Review.

Introduction: Middle fossa arachnoid cyst (MFAC) is one of the most common cranial cysts in children, and the various postoperative complications following cyst fenestration represent a major concern. We conducted a retrospective study in our department and performed a systematic review of the literature to identify the risk factors for complications.

Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted in 38 patients with MFAC (<14 years) who underwent microscopic fenestration from January 2019 to December 2020.

Changes in a sensorimotor network, occipital network, and psychomotor speed within three months after focal surgical injury in pediatric patients with intracranial space-occupying lesions.

Background: Studies on cognition and brain networks after various forms of brain injury mainly involve traumatic brain injury, neurological disease, tumours, and mental disease. There are few related studies on surgical injury and even fewer pediatric studies. This study aimed to preliminarily explore the cognitive and brain network changes in children with focal, unilateral, well-bounded intracranial space-occupying lesions (ISOLs) in the short term period after surgery.

A Numerical Simulation Method Considering Solid Phase Transformation and the Experimental Verification of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy Sheet Welding Processes.

A prediction model of the welding process of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy was established by using the finite element method, which was used to evaluate the phase composition, residual stress and deformation of the welded joints of Ti-6Al-4V sheets with different processes (including tungsten inert gas welding, TIG, and laser beam welding, LBW). The Ti-6Al-4V structures of TIG welding and LBW are widely used in marine engineering. In order to quantitatively study the effects of different welding processes (including TIG welding and LBW) on the microstructure evolution, macro residual stress and deformation of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy sheets during welding, a unified prediction model considering solid-state phase transformation was established based on the ABAQUS subroutine.

Predictive Factors of Postoperative Peritumoral Brain Edema after Meningioma Resection.

Background: Postoperative peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) is the progressively exacerbating cerebral edema following meningiomas resection.

Objective: The study aims to identify the predictive factors of postoperative PTBE.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the 117 cases of patients who underwent meningioma.

The truths behind the statistics of surgical treatment for hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage in China: a review.

Hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage (HBSH) is of high morbidity and mortality rate. But many clinical studies were written in Chinese and had not been reviewed. A systemic review of Chinese clinical studies for HBSH was performed.

Spinal arachnoiditis followed by intrathecal tigecycline therapy for central nervous system infection by extremely drug-resistant .

In prior research, intrathecal tigecycline was successfully used to treat central nervous system infection by extensively drug-resistant . However, little is known about its safe dose and adverse reactions. This study reports the case of a 28-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with central nervous system infection by extensively drug-resistant after the removal of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Shifting subdural fluid collection and hydrocephalus after foramen magnum decompression for basilar invagination.

Postoperative hydrocephalus and subdural fluid collection (SFC) have been reported as the rare complications following foramen magnum decompression in patients with Chiari malformation. The paper reports the case of a 63-year-old female patient who underwent foramen magnum decompression for basilar invagination. The patient developed a shifting, bilateral SFC and subsequent acute hydrocephalus.

Impact of Surgeon Experience on Postoperative Rehemorrhage in Spontaneous Basal Ganglia Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is of high mortality and morbidity. SICH in the basal ganglia is usually attributed to chronic hypertension. Postoperative rehemorrhage is a severe complication, and it is relative to surgical techniques.

Complications in Staged Late Titanium Cranioplasty and Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting for Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Hydrocephalus is a common complication following decompressive craniectomy. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is required for some patients before receiving a cranioplasty (CP). The presence of a VPS is regarded as a risk factor for overall CP complications.

Excessive Hemostasis on the Scalp Increases Superficial Surgical Site Infection Rate in Cranioplasty.

Background: Cranioplasty is a routine procedure, but it carries a significantly higher complication rate over standard clean cranial surgery. Surgical site infection is the most common but severe complication. Risk factors for surgical site infection are still debated.

Bilateral External Ventricular Drains Increase Ventriculostomy-Associated Cerebrospinal Fluid Infection in Low Modified Graeb Score Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Background: Ventriculostomy-associated cerebrospinal fluid infection (VAI) is a major complication limiting the use of an external ventricular drain (EVD) in treating patients with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Risk factors of VAI are still under wide discussion.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 84 patients with IVH who underwent EVD at our center between January 2012 and January 2017.

Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors.

Background: To compare the clinical outcomes and complications of 247 pituitary tumor patients managed by endoscopic and microscopic approaches in our hospital.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of 100 pituitary tumor patients treated by endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETS) and 147 patients treated by microscopic transsphenoidal surgery (MTS) at our center from January 2007 to July 2014. The tumors were stratified by Knosp classification and modified Hardy classification, and tumor gross total resection (GTR)/remission rate, visual improvement rate, complications, operation time, intraoperative bleeding and length of hospital stay were compared between ETS and MTS.

Neuroendoscopic endonasal management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

Neuroendoscopic endonasal approach has gained popularity in managing traumatic, spontaneous, and especially iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. The authors examined 8 patients presenting with CSF rhinorrhea between December 2012 and June 2014: 5 patients had iatrogenic leak, 2 patients had traumatic leak, and 1 patient had a spontaneous onset of CSF rhinorrhea. Sites of the CSF leaks were detected through computed tomographic cisternography and magnetic resonance imaging in the patients with traumatic and spontaneous leaks.