Three new species of Girault (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China with a key to Chinese species.

Six species of Girault (Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) from China are reviewed, including three new species: , , and one new country record, (Walker, 1839). New distributional data for (Walker, 1839) and (Szelényi, 1941), and a key to the Chinese species of based on females, are included.

A new species and three newly recorded species of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China.

Five species of five genera in Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China are reviewed, including one new species, , and three new country record species: (Girault, 1916), (Walker, 1839), and Yoshimoto, 1970. New distributional data for Girault, 1917 are provided.

Effect of RhoE expression on the migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of RhoE expression on the migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).

Methods: Forty-eight TSCC cases were selected from the Maxillofacial Surgery Center of Qingdao Municipal Hospital from 2017 to 2019. The expression of RhoE in the specimens (TSCC and adjacent tissues) was detected by immunohistochemistry, and RhoE mRNA and protein were extracted to further detect the expression of RhoE.

Effects of isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase silencing on the migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: The effect of isoprenylcysteine carboxymethyltransferase (ICMT) silencing on the migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma was investigated by constructing the small interfering RNA (siRNA) of ICMT.

Methods: Through liposomal transfection, siRNA was transfected into human tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 and SCC-4 cells (ICMT-siRNA group) with a negative control group (transfected with NC-siRNA) and a blank control group (transfected with a transfection reagent but not with siRNA). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of ICMT and RhoA in each group of cells after transfection and to measure the silencing efficiency.

Two new species of Girault (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China and a key to Chinese species.

Seven species of Girault from China are reviewed, including two new species: , and two new country record species: Graham, 1991, (Erdös, 1951). New distributional data for Graham, 1986, (Rohwer, 1921) and (Fullaway, 1955) are provided and a key to Chinese species is given based on females.

Effects of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of silencing isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransfe-rase (Icmt) through small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference on the proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).

Methods: Three siRNA were designed and constructed for the Icmt gene sequence and were then transfected into TSCC cells CAL-27 and SCC-4 to silence Icmt expression. The tested cells were divided as follows: RNA interference groups Icmt-siRNA-1, Icmt-siRNA-2, and Icmt-siRNA-3, negative control group, and blank control group.

Response characteristics of the membrane integrity and physiological activities of the mutant strain Y217 under exogenous butanol stress.

Butanol inhibits bacterial activity by destroying the cell membrane of Clostridium acetobutylicum strains and altering functionality. Butanol toxicity also results in destruction of the phosphoenolpyruvate-carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS), thereby preventing glucose transport and phosphorylation and inhibiting transmembrane transport and assimilation of sugars, amino acids, and other nutrients. In this study, based on the addition of exogenous butanol, the tangible macro indicators of changes in the carbon ion beam irradiation-mutant Y217 morphology were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

A new species of Rondani (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) and first record of (Fonscolombe) from China, with a key to Chinese species.

is described from Liaoning and Shandong provinces, China. (Fonscolombe) is reported for the first time from China. A key to Chinese species of is provided.

Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits FI-RSV Vaccine-enhanced Inflammation Through Regulating Th Responses.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of respiratory disease in infants. The formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine resulted in an enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) in infants upon natural RSV infection, which is a major obstacle for development of safe and efficacious vaccines. Excessive and uncontrolled Th immune responses could be involved in the ERD.

Heavy-ion mutagenesis significantly enhances enduracidin production by .

To improve fermentative production of enduracidin, heavy-ion beams generated by the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), China, were employed for the first time to generate mutations in . Initial screening detected 44 positive mutants with larger inhibition zone, which were subsequently tested based on flask fermentation. Finally, 20 mutants showed 20% increase in enduracidin production, when compared with the original strain.

Current strategies and future prospects for enhancing microbial production of citric acid.

Aspergillus niger and Yarrowia lipolytica are highly important in citric acid (CA) production. To further minimize the cost of CA bio-production using A. niger and Y.

Enhanced production of l-lactic acid by SRZ50 mutant generated by high-linear energy transfer heavy ion mutagenesis.

The aim of this study was to improve l-lactic acid production of SRZ50. For this purpose, high efficient heavy-ion mutagenesis technique was performed using SRZ50 as the original strain. To enhance the screening efficiency for high yield l-lactic acid producers, a scale-down from shake flask to microtiter plate was developed.

Therapeutic efficacy and safety of various botulinum toxin A doses and concentrations in spastic foot after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

No recommended guidelines currently exist for the therapeutic concentration or dose of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) injected into the muscle to treat limb spasticity. Therefore, in this randomized controlled trial, we explored the safety and efficacy of two concentrations and two doses of BTXA in the treatment of spastic foot after stroke to optimize this treatment in these patients. Eligible patients ( = 104) were randomized into four groups.

Significance of Heavy-Ion Beam Irradiation-Induced Avermectin B1a Production by Engineered .

Heavy-ion irradiation technology has advantages over traditional methods of mutagenesis. Heavy-ion irradiation improves the mutation rate, broadens the mutation spectrum, and shortens the breeding cycle. However, few data are currently available regarding its effect on morphology and productivity.

Cancer Research Advance in CKLF-like MARVEL Transmembrane Domain Containing Member Family (Review).

CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (CMTM) is a novel family of genes first reported at international level by Peking University Human Disease Gene Research Center. The gene products are between chemokines and the transmembrane-4 superfamily. Loaceted in several human chromosomes, CMTMs, which are unregulated in kinds of tumors, are potential tumor suppressor genes consisting of CKLF and CMTM1 to CMTM8.

Study of a High-Yield Cellulase System Created by Heavy-Ion Irradiation-Induced Mutagenesis of Aspergillus niger and Mixed Fermentation with Trichoderma reesei.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and validate the efficiency of 12C6+ irradiation of Aspergillus niger (A. niger) or mutagenesis via mixed Trichoderma viride (T. viride) culturing as well as a liquid cultivation method for cellulase production via mixed Trichoderma reesei (T.

A mutation of Aspergillus niger for hyper-production of citric acid from corn meal hydrolysate in a bioreactor.

The properties of the screened mutants for hyper-production of citric acid induced by carbon ((12)C(6+)) ion beams and X-ray irradiation were investigated in our current study. Among these mutants, mutant H4002 screened from (12)C(6+) ion irradiation had a higher yield of citric acid production than the parental strain in a 250-ml shaking flash. These expanded submerged experiments in a bioreactor were also carried out for mutant H4002.

Role of ozone in UV-C disinfection, demonstrated by comparison between wild-type and mutant conidia of Aspergillus niger.

This study aimed to investigate the tolerance of a melanized wild-type strain of Aspergillus niger (CON1) and its light-colored mutant (MUT1) to UV-C light and the concomitantly generated ozone. Treatments were segregated into four groups based on whether UV irradiation was used and the presence or absence of ozone: (-UV, -O3), (-UV, +O3), (+UV, -O3) and (+UV, +O3). The survival of CON1 and MUT1 conidia under +UV decreased as the exposure time increased, with CON1 showing greater resistance to UV irradiation than MUT1.

The role of uncoupling proteins in diabetes mellitus.

Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are anion carriers expressed in the mitochondrial inner membrane that uncouple oxygen consumption by the respiratory chain from ATP synthesis. The physiological functions of UCPs have long been debated since the new UCPs (UCP2 to 5) were discovered, and the role of UCPs in the pathogeneses of diabetes mellitus is one of the hottest topics. UCPs are thought to be activated by superoxide and then decrease mitochondrial free radicals generation; this may provide a protective effect on diabetes mellitus that is under the oxidative stress conditions.

Cytogenetic effects of low doses of energetic carbon ions on rice after exposures of dry seeds, wet seeds and seedlings.

In order to investigate the biological effects of heavy ion radiation at low doses and the different radiosensitivities of growing and non-growing plants, rice at different lift stages (dry seed, wet seed and seedling) were exposed to carbon ions at doses of 0.02, 0.2, 2 and 20 Gy.

Comparison of clonogenic assay with premature chromosome condensation assay in prediction of human cell radiosensitivity.

Aim: To determine whether the number of non-rejoining G2-chromatid breaks can predict the radiosensitivity of human cell lines.

Methods: Cell lines of human ovary carcinoma cells (HO8910), human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and liver cells (L02) were irradiated with a range of doses and assessed both of cell survival and non-rejoining G2-chromatid breaks at 24 h after irradiation. Cell survival was documented by a colony assay.

Effect of exogenous wild-type p53 on melanoma cell death pathways induced by irradiation at different linear energy transfer.

We investigated the effect of exogenous wild-type p53 on the radiation-induced cells apoptosis and necrosis at different levels of linear energy transfer (LET) to evaluate its mechanisms. The human melanoma cell line A375, which bears wild-type p53 gene status, was used, as well as the transfectant A375 cells (A375/p53) with adenoviral vector containing the wild-type p53 gene. We exposed these cells to X-rays and to accelerated carbon-ion (C-) beams.

[Effects of local carbon ion irradiation on survival and peripheral blood leukocyte and platelet counts of tumor-bearing mice].

Objective: To investigate the effects of local carbon ion irradiation on the length of survival and peripheral blood leukocyte and platelet counts of mice inoculated with pulmonary tumor cells.

Methods: Thirty tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into control group (tumor-bearing but without carbon ion irradiation, n=10), 12 Gy group (n=10) and 24 Gy group (n=10). The right hind limbs of the mice, where the tumor cells were inoculated, were irradiated with carbon-ion beams at a single dose in 12 Gy and 24 Gy groups, and those of the control group received no irradiation.

Comparative study on radiosensitivity of various tumor cells and human normal liver cells.

Aim: To investigate the radiation response of various human tumor cells and normal liver cells.

Methods: Cell lines of human hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721), liver cells (L02), melanoma cells (A375) and cervical tumor (HeLa) were irradiated with (60)Co gamma-rays. Cell survive was documented by a colony assay.