Extracellular Water Ratio and Phase Angle as Predictors of Exacerbation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by high-energy metabolism, often leads to malnutrition and is linked to exacerbations. This study investigates the association of malnutrition-related body composition and handgrip strength changes with exacerbation frequencies in COPD patients.

Methods: We analyzed 77 acute exacerbation COPD (AECOPD) patients and 82 stable COPD patients, categorized as frequent and infrequent exacerbators.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of nutrient supplements for treating sarcopenia in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prone to malnutrition and sarcopenia as a result of nutritional deficiencies and increased energy metabolism. However, the effects of nutrient supplements (NS) on treating sarcopenia in patients with COPD are not well established from systematic evidence. This meta-analysis examined the effect of NS on sarcopenia in patients with COPD.

Migraine Duration as a Potential Amplifier of Obesity.

Purpose: Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder with obesity as a notable risk factor. This study aimed to investigate an under-researched area of the association between migraine duration and body composition.

Patients And Methods: Patients with migraine from a neurology outpatient department were enrolled and were categorized into four groups based on illness duration: 1 year, 1-5 years, 5-10 years, and >10 years.

Examining the molecular mechanisms of topiramate in alleviating insulin resistance: A study on C2C12 myocytes and 3T3L-1 adipocytes.

Purpose: Migraine, a severely debilitating condition, may be effectively managed with topiramate, known for its migraine prevention and weight loss properties due to changes in body muscle and fat composition and improved insulin sensitivity. However, the mechanism of topiramate in modulating insulin response in adipocytes and myocytes remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate these molecular mechanisms, offering insights into its role in weight management for migraine sufferers and underpinning its clinical application.

Alleviative effects of α-lipoic acid on muscle atrophy via the modulation of TNF-α/JNK and PI3K/AKT pathways in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is often accompanied by clinical complications such as sarcopenia. Previous studies have indicated that oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) are highly associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic myopathy. α-lipoic acid (ALA), a potent biological antioxidant, exists abundantly in a variety of plants and vegetables.

Formation of -HO by Vacuum-UV Photolysis of O in Solid Hydrogen: Implication for Astrochemistry.

The observation that the to ratio (OPR) of interstellar HO is smaller than 3 is an important yet unresolved subject in astronomy. We irradiated O embedded in solid H at 3 K with vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) light and observed IR lines associated with -HO (denoted as HO) and nonrotating HO-(H) (where H denotes -H) but no lines associated with -HO (denoted as HO). After maintaining the matrix in darkness for ∼30 h, the amount of HO decreased, accompanied by an increase in HO-(H) via diffusion of H.

Formation and IR spectrum of monobridged SiH isolated in solid argon.

The infrared (IR) spectrum of monobridged SiH (denoted as mbr-SiH) isolated in solid Ar was recorded, and a set of lines (in the major matrix site) observed at 858.3 cm, 971.5 cm, 999.

Complications and Prevention Strategies of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Technique.

Objective: To analyze the early complications and causes of oblique lateral interbody fusion, and put forward preventive measures.

Methods: There were 235 patients (79 males and 156 females) analyzed in our study from October 2014 to May 2017. The average age was 61.

Formation of CH and CH from Reactions CH + CH and CH + CH.

The reactions of CH and CH radicals with CH were investigated for the first time. Reactants CH, CH, and CH were synthesized in two beams of CH diluted with helium by pulsed high-voltage discharge. We measured translational-energy distributions, angular distributions, and photoionization-efficiency spectra of CH and CH produced from the title reactions in a crossed molecular-beam apparatus using synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet photoionization.

Formation of Polyynes C4H2, C6H2, C8H2, and C10H2 from Reactions of C2H, C4H, C6H, and C8H Radicals with C2H2.

Some of the polyynes (HC2n+2H, 1 ≤ n ≤ 4) are observable in planetary atmospheres, interstellar space, and flames. Polyynes are proposed to play an important role in synthesis of large carbonaceous molecules. We explore the dynamics of reactions of C2nH (n = 1-4) radicals with C2H2 by interrogating time-of-flight spectra and photoionization efficiency spectra of products C2n+2H2.

Formation of C3H2, C5H2, C7H2, and C9H2 from reactions of CH, C3H, C5H, and C7H radicals with C2H2.

The Cm+2H2 family can be classified into two categories - C2n+1H2 and C2n+2H2. Cm+2H2 are important intermediates in the syntheses of large carbonaceous molecules. An understanding of the formation mechanisms of both odd and even carbon-numbered Cm+2H2 is beneficial to atmospheric, astronomical, and combustion chemistry.

Hesperidin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting HMGB1 release.

Hesperidin (HDN), a flavanone glycoside, possesses anti-inflammatory properties and has been suggested to be able to modulate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) serves as an inflammatory cytokine when released extracellularly and is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory disorders. The current study aimed to investigate the involvement of HMGB1 in HDN-induced immunoregulation of ALI.

Dynamics of the reaction of C2 with C6H2: an implication for the formation of interstellar C8H.

The reaction C2 + C6H2 → C8H + H was investigated for the first time. Reactant C2 (C6H2) was synthesized from 1% C3F6/He (5% C2H2/He) by pulsed high-voltage discharge. We measured the translational-energy distribution, the angular distribution, and the photoionization spectrum of product C8H in a crossed molecular-beam apparatus using synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet ionization.

Dynamics of the reaction of C₃(a³Πu) radicals with C₂H₂: a new source for the formation of C₅H.

The reaction C3(a(3)Πu) + C2H2 → C5H + H was investigated at collision energy 10.9 kcal mol(-1) that is less than the enthalpy of ground-state reaction C3(X(1)Σg (+)) + C2H2 → C5H + H. C3(a(3)Πu) radicals were synthesized from 1% C4F6/He by pulsed high-voltage discharge.

Protective effects of hesperidin on concanavalin A-induced hepatic injury in mice.

Hesperidin (HDN) is a citrus bioflavonoid, which widely exists in many plants. Previous researches have proved that HDN has several functions such as anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation and so on. In the present study, we explored the protective effects of HDN on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatic injury.

Dynamics of carbon-hydrogen and carbon-methyl exchanges in the collision of 3P atomic carbon with propene.

We investigated the dynamics of the reaction of (3)P atomic carbon with propene (C3H6) at reactant collision energy 3.8 kcal mol(-1) in a crossed molecular-beam apparatus using synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet ionization. Products C4H5, C4H4, C3H3, and CH3 were observed and attributed to exit channels C4H5 + H, C4H4 + 2H, and C3H3 + CH3; their translational-energy distributions and angular distributions were derived from the measurements of product time-of-flight spectra.

Exploring the dynamics of C/H and C/Cl exchanges in the C(3P) + C2H3Cl reaction.

The dynamics of the C((3)P) + C2H3Cl reaction at collision energy 3.8 kcal mol(-1) was investigated in a crossed molecular-beam apparatus using synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet ionization. Time-of-flight spectra of products C3H2Cl, C3H3, and Cl were recorded at various laboratory scattering angles, from which translational-energy distributions and angular distributions of product channels C3H2Cl + H and C3H3 + Cl were derived.

Dynamics of the C/H and C/F exchanges in the reaction of 3P carbon atoms with vinyl fluoride.

Two product channels C3H2F + H and C3H3 + F were identified in the reaction of C((3)P) atoms with vinyl fluoride (C2H3F) at collision energy 3.7 kcal mol(-1) in a crossed molecular-beam apparatus using selective photoionization. Time-of-flight (TOF) spectra of products C3H2F and C3H3 were measured at 12-16 laboratory angles as well as a TOF spectrum of atomic F, a counter part of C3H3, was recorded at single laboratory angle.

Exploring the dynamics of reaction C(3P) + C2H4 with crossed beam/photoionization experiments and quantum chemical calculations.

We investigated the title reaction at collision energy 3.5 kcal mol(-1) in a crossed molecular beam apparatus using undulator radiation as an ionization source. Time-of-flight (TOF) spectra of product C(3)H(3) were measured in laboratory angles from 20° to 100° using two photoionization energies 9.

Exploring the dynamics of reaction N((2)D)+C2H4 with crossed molecular-beam experiments and quantum-chemical calculations.

We conducted the title reaction using a crossed molecular-beam apparatus, quantum-chemical calculations, and RRKM calculations. Synchrotron radiation from an undulator served to ionize selectively reaction products by advantage of negligibly small dissociative ionization. We observed two products with gross formula C(2)H(3)N and C(2)H(2)N associated with loss of one and two hydrogen atoms, respectively.

Exploring the dynamics of reactions of oxygen atoms in states 3P and 1D with ethene at collision energy 3 kcal mol(-1).

In a crossed molecular-beam apparatus, we reacted atomic O in states (3)P and (1)D with ethene (C(2)H(4)) at collision energy 3 kcal mol(-1). Employing two mixtures, 20% O(2) + 80% He and 3% O(2) + 12.5% Ar + 84.

Exploring the dynamics of reaction N+SiH(4) with crossed molecular-beam experiments and quantum-chemical calculations.

We investigated the reaction N((4)S,(2)D,(2)P)+SiH(4) in crossed molecular beams at a collision energy of 4.7 kcal mol(-1) with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and selective photoionization. Ion signals were observed at m/z=42-45, associated with two product channels, HSiNH/SiNH(2)+H+H and HSiN/HNSi+H(2)+H.

Dynamics of the reaction C(3P)+SiH4: experiments and calculations.

We conducted the reaction C((3)P)+SiH(4) at a collision energy of 4.0 kcal mol(-1) in a crossed molecular-beam apparatus measuring time-of-flight mass spectra and selective photoionization. Product ions with m/z=41-43 are associated with two product channels, H(2)SiCH/HSiCH(2)/SiCH(3)+H and H(2)SiC/HSiCH/SiCH(2)+H(2).