Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boosting with orally aerosolised or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccine and homologous boosting with inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac) in children and adolescents: a randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority, single-centre study.

Background: Heterologous booster immunisation with orally administered aerosolised Ad5-nCoV vaccine (AAd5) has been shown to be safe and highly immunogenic in adults. Here, we aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous booster immunisation with orally administered AAd5 in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years who had received two doses of inactivated vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac).

Methods: We did a randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous booster immunisation with AAd5 (0·1 mL) or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccine (IMAd5; 0·3 mL) and homologous booster immunisation with inactivated vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac; 0·5 mL) in children (aged 6-12 years) and adolescents (aged 13-17 years) who had received two doses of inactivated vaccine at least 3 months earlier in Hunan, China.

Study on the metabolites of betulinic acid in vivo and in vitro by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Betulinic acid is a triterpenoid organic acid with remarkable antitumor properties and is naturally present in many fruits, condiments and traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, a strategy was developed for the identification of metabolites following the in vivo and in vitro biotransformation of Betulinic acid with rat intestinal bacteria utilizing ultra high performance liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry with polymeric solid-phase extraction. As a result, 46 metabolites were structurally characterized.

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-guided dereplication of Pulsatilla chinensis to identify triterpenoid saponins.

Introduction: Triterpenoid saponins are the major bioactive constituents of Pulsatilla chinensis, playing an important role in various biological activities such as anti-tumour, cognition-enhancing, anti-biosis, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and immunological adjuvant.

Objective: To establish a systematic strategy based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) for the efficient characterisation and identification of triterpenoid saponins in crude extracts from Pulsatilla chinensis.

Methodology: In this work, the strategy includes two aspects: (1) positive mode: by target screening, we can deduce the aglycone type and the composition of sugar moiety according to the fragment ions; untargeted screening includes four steps, find unknown, formula finder, ChemSpider search and MS/MS identification; (2) negative mode: according to the MS/MS spectra, the composition of sugar chain bonded to C-28 is inferred reasonably.

Simultaneous determination of 12 active components in the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis using tissue-smashing extraction with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and combining a tissue-smashing extraction technique was developed for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of 12 compounds in the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis. Among them, compound 6 was characterized and accurately quantified in this herb for the first time. The parameters of extraction condition were simultaneously optimized with a Box-Behnken design and Derringer's function.