Kinetic Resolution of P-Chiral Phosphindole Oxides through Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylation.

Highly efficient kinetic resolution of P-chiral phosphindole oxides via rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric arylation under mild conditions is described. Selectivity factors of up to 569 were achieved by employing chiral as a ligand. The transformation of the enantiopure benzophosphole derivative into a useful P-chiral bisphosphine ligand is also demonstrated.

Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition to 4- or 5-Carbonyl-cycloenones through Dynamic Kinetic Resolution: Enantioselective Synthesis of (-)-Cannabidiol.

The reaction of 4/5-carbonyl-cycloalkenone or its achiral isomer with organoboronic acid in the presence of a chiral diene (,)-Fc-tfb-rhodium catalyst gave disubstituted -cycloalkanone with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity. This highly efficient dynamic kinetic resolution is achieved by fast racemization of through the formation of a dienolate followed by kinetic resolution with the chiral catalyst. The utility is demonstrated by the synthesis of key intermediates en route to (-)-cannabidiol.

Co-administration of obeticholic acid and simvastatin protects against high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has no approved therapy. The farnesoid X nuclear receptor (FXR) agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) has shown promise as a drug for NASH, but can adversely affect plasma lipid profiles. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of OCA in combination with simvastatin (SIM) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced model of NASH.

Hepatic Macrophage activation and the LPS pathway in patients with different degrees of severity and histopathological patterns of drug induced liver injury.

Background: Inflammatory activation of hepatic macrophages plays a primary role in drug-induced liver injury (DILI). However, the exact mechanism underlying DILI remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 328 DILI patients and 80 healthy individuals were prospectively enrolled in this study.

CD14 monocytes and CD163 macrophages correlate with the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Hepatic fibrosis is a crucial pathological process involved in the development of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and may progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Activated peripheral blood monocytes and intrahepatic macrophages further promote hepatic fibrogenesis by releasing proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines. The present study aimed to investigate the role of peripheral CD14 monocytes and intrahepatic CD163 macrophages in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated liver fibrosis and clarify whether serum soluble CD163 (sCD163) may serve as a fibrosis marker in patients with CHC.

Yiqi Huoxue Recipe Improves Liver Regeneration in Rats after Partial Hepatectomy via JNK Pathway.

The liver is the only visceral organ that exhibits a remarkable capability of regenerating in response to partial hepatectomy (PH) or chemical injury. Improving liver regeneration (LR) ability is the basis for the favourable treatment outcome of patients after PH, which can serve as a potential indicator for postoperative survival. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Yiqi Huoxue recipe (YQHX) on LR after PH in rats and further elucidate its underlying mechanism.

Emperipolesis mediated by CD8 T cells correlates with biliary epithelia cell injury in primary biliary cholangitis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic destruction of the bile ducts. A major unanswered question regarding the pathogenesis of PBC is the precise mechanisms of small bile duct injury. Emperipolesis is one of cell-in-cell structures that is a potential histological hallmark associated with chronic hepatitis B.

LncRNA-ATB/microRNA-200a/β-catenin regulatory axis involved in the progression of HCV-related hepatic fibrosis.

Objective(s): Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)-activated by transforming growth factor beta (lncRNA-ATB) is known to be involved in the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating target genes of miR-200a. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA-ATB/miR-200a in HCV-related liver fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of lncRNA-ATB/miR-200a, and their target gene β-Catenin in liver tissues of HCV patients and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to elucidate the possible role of lncRNA-ATB/miR-200a axis in HSC activation and development of liver fibrosis.

A Patient With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Accompanied by Wilson's Disease.

Introduction: Both primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and Wilson's disease (WD) can cause copper retention in the liver, which is an important factor for liver cellular damage. Copper chelation may preserve liver cell function. It is challenging to distinguish WD from copper accumulation in patients with PBC.

Preparative separation and purification of four cis-trans isomers of coumaroylspermidine analogs from safflower by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was successfully applied for the first time to isolate and purify four cis-trans isomers of coumaroylspermidine analogs from Safflower. HSCCC separation was achieved with a two-phase solvent system composed of chloroform-methanol-water (1:1:1, v/v/v) with the upper phase as the mobile phase. In a single run, a total of 1.

Activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ameliorates ethanol mediated liver fibrosis in mice.

Background: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) ameliorates ethanol induced hepatic steatohepatitis. However, its role in alcoholic liver fibrosis has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect and the molecular basis of PPARα in ethanol induced liver fibrosis in mice.

Fuzheng Huayu recipe prevents nutritional fibrosing steatohepatitis in mice.

Background: Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHY), a compound of Chinese herbal medicine, was reported to improve liver function and fibrosis in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. However, its effect on nutritional fibrosing steatohepatitis is unclear. We aimed to elucidate the role and molecular mechanism of FZHY on this disorder in mice.

Peginterferon alpha-based therapy for chronic hepatitis B focusing on HBsAg clearance or seroconversion: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.

Background: Interferon alpha (IFNα) therapy has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) for decades. Nucleos(t)ide analogues are also increasingly used to treat CHB recently. More and more studies are being carried out concerning the clearance or seroconversion of HBsAg, which is recognized as an ideal goal of CHB therapy.