Deoxypodophyllotoxin Mediates Autophagy Death through Inhibition of GRP78 in Human Osteosarcoma.

Background: Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), as a chaperone protein, can protect the endoplasmic reticulum of cells and is expressed to influence chemoresistance and prognosis in cancer. Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a compound with antitumor effects on cancers. DPT inhibits the proliferation of osteosarcoma by inducing apoptosis, necrosis, or cell cycle arrest.

The role of ESM1 in the lipids metabolic reprogramming and angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the respiratory diseases with high mortality and incidence. As an important angiogenic factor, (Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1) ESM1 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of LUAD. However, the role and molecular mechanism of ESM1 on LUAD metabolic reprogramming and angiogenesis remain unclear.

ANGPTL4 accelerates ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma carcinogenesis and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and interacting with ESM1.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignant neoplasm that displays increased vascularization. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is a secreted glycoprotein that functions as a regulator of cell metabolism and angiogenesis and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. However, the precise role of ANGPTL4 in the OC microenvironment, particularly its involvement in angiogenesis, has not been fully elucidated.

BCOR-CCNB3 sarcoma with concurrent RNF213-SLC26A11 gene fusion: a rare sarcoma with altered histopathological features after chemotherapy.

Background: Chemotherapy is a common approach for cancer treatment, but intrinsic genetic mutations in different individuals may cause different responses to chemotherapy, resulting in unique histopathological changes. The genetic mutation along with the distinct histopathological features may indicate new tumor entities. BCOR-CCNB3 sarcomas is a kind of Ewing-like sarcomas (ELS) occurring mostly in bone and soft tissues.

Triple administration of osimertinib followed by chemotherapy for advanced lung adenocarcinoma: A case report.

Background: Osimertinib is the recommended first-line treatment for adult patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, primary or acquired resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) seems inevitable, and when drug-resistance occurs during treatment with osimertinib, the standard of care is to discontinue the TKI.

Case Summary: A 57-year-old female patient with lung adenocarcinoma presented with an irritating cough accompanied by chest distress of one month duration.

Effective method to study the thickness-dependent dielectric functions of nanometal thin film.

A new method for measuring the dielectric functions change with the thickness of nanometal thin films was proposed. To confirm the accuracy and reliability of the method, a nano-thin wedge-shaped gold (Au) film with continuously varied thicknesses was designed and prepared on K9 glass by direct-current-sputtering (DC-sputtering). The thicknesses and the dielectric functions in the wavelength range of 300-1100 nm of the nano-thin Au films were obtained by fitting the ellipsometric parameters with the Drude and critical points model.

Encoded error calibration for a coded aperture spectrometer based on deconvolution.

The principle of a 2D coded aperture spectrometer is described in this paper. The crosstalk of adjacent rows, which is caused by the optical system's point-spread function and the nonuniform illumination of the apertures, is the main source of the system decoded errors. Through the analysis of the effect of the crosstalk and nonuniform illumination on the decoded spectrum, the encoding matrix is modified.

Ras/ERK signaling pathway is involved in curcumin-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma AGS cells.

Curcumin, the biologically active compound from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, could inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in gastric carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanism of curcumin on gastric carcinoma cells still needs further investigation. In this study, morphological observation indicated that curcumin inhibited the proliferation of AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs combined with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted treatment has been a standard therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it is not tolerated well by all patients. In China, some studies have reported that traditional Chinese medicinal herbs (TCMHs) may increase efficacy and reduce toxicity when combined with EGFR-TKI, but outside of China few studies of this kind have been attempted.

Objective: This study is intended to systematically review the existing clinical evidence on TCMHs combined with EGFR-TKI for treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Astragaloside IV inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by blocking TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a major active ingredient from Radix astragali, which has been considered as a renoprotective agent; however, its molecular mechanisms are unclear. Thus, we designed to investigate the renoprotective effects and mechanisms of AS-IV in rat model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in vivo and TGF-β1-stimulated rat renal fibroblasts (NRK-49F) in vitro. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation, UUO, UUO/AS-IV (3.

Inherent dynamics of head domain correlates with ATP-recognition of P2X4 receptors: insights gained from molecular simulations.

P2X receptors are ATP-gated ion channels involved in many physiological functions, and determination of ATP-recognition (AR) of P2X receptors will promote the development of new therapeutic agents for pain, inflammation, bladder dysfunction and osteoporosis. Recent crystal structures of the zebrafish P2X4 (zfP2X4) receptor reveal a large ATP-binding pocket (ABP) located at the subunit interface of zfP2X4 receptors, which is occupied by a conspicuous cluster of basic residues to recognize triphosphate moiety of ATP. Using the engineered affinity labeling and molecular modeling, at least three sites (S1, S2 and S3) within ABP have been identified that are able to recognize the adenine ring of ATP, implying the existence of at least three distinct AR modes in ABP.

Astragaloside IV inhibits the up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

Methods: Rat renal interstitial fibrosis models were prepared using unilateral ureteral ligation. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, sham group with AS-IV (33mg/kg), unilateral ureteral obstruction group, and unilateral ureteral obstruction group receiving varied doses of AS-IV (3.