Synthesis of 1,4,2-Diazaphospholidine-3,5-diones Using Na(OCP) as the "P" Source.

A refined synthesis of 1,4,2-diazaphospholidine-3,5-dione derivatives was achieved through a cyclization reaction involving Na(OCP) and isocyanates. Na(OCP) was demonstrated to be a relatively stable and safe source of phosphorus, enabling the production of diverse 1,4,2-diazaphospholidine-3,5-dione derivatives with high yields. The reaction proceeds efficiently under catalyst-free and mild conditions.

Effects of antibiotic and disinfectant exposure on the mouse gut microbiome and immune function.

Unlabelled: This study explores the effects of disinfectant and antibiotic exposure on gut health, focusing on gut microbiota balance and gut immune function. Our analysis indicates that disinfectants increase the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria, particularly increasing levels, while antibiotics increase the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria, especially levels. These changes disrupt microbial harmony and affect the gut microbiome's functional capacity.

Hydrazone Phosphaketene as a Synthetic Platform To Obtain Three Classes of 1,2,4-Diazaphosphol Derivatives by Switchable Chemoselectivity Strategies.

We introduce switchable chemoselectivity strategies based on the hydrazone phosphaketene intermediate to synthesize three classes of 1,2,4-diazaphosphol derivatives. First, the five-membered heterocyclic P and O anion intermediates acted as nucleophilic agents in the selective construction of C-P and C-O bonds. Second, the phosphinidene served as a phosphorus synthon, allowing for the formation of C-P and C-N bonds.

A Case of a Eustachian Tube Hairy Polyp Misdiagnosed as an Adenoid Residual in a Child.

Hairy polyps, considered a highly unusual congenital anomaly of the pharynx, are believed by many scholars to arise from the ectoderm and mesoderm during the embryonic stage. These growths often have a pear or sausage shape, are pedunculated, and their size ranges between 0.5 and 6 cm.

Comparative Analysis of the Gelsemium Alkaloids Metabolism in Human, Pig, Goat, and Rat Liver Microsomes.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolism of in human, pig, goat and rat liver microsomes and to elucidate the metabolic pathways and cleavage patterns of the Gelsemium alkaloids among different species.

Methods: A human, goat, pig and rat liver microsomes were incubated . After incubating at 37°C for 1 hour and centrifuging, the processed samples were detected by was used to detect alcohol extract of and its metabolites.

[Comparison of early clinical effects between direct superior approach and posterolateral approach in hemiarthroplasty of femoral neck fracture in the elderly].

Objective: To compare and analyze the early clinical effect of direct superior approach(DSA) and posterior lateral approach (PLA) in hemiarthroplasty for elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.

Methods: The clinical data of 72 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent hemiarthroplasty from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 36 patients were operated through minimally invasive DSA including 10 males and 26 females with an average age of (82.

Factors influencing proxy online health information seeking among the elderly: A study from the perspective of the elderly with chronic illnesses.

Background: With the ageing population in China and an increasing number of the elderly developing chronic illnesses, health services for the elderly have become a major concern. They have significant needs for health information (HI) such as online medical consultation, disease prevention, and medical insurance.

Objective: To explore the influencing factors and their relative significance in proxy online health information (OHI) seeking among the elderly with chronic illnesses so as to provide a reference for enriching theoretical research and optimizing care for the elderly with chronic illness.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Imidazole Derivatives Bearing Imidazo[2,1-b] [1,3,4]thiadiazole Moiety as Antibacterial Agents.

Background: Drug-resistant infections kill hundreds of thousands of people globally every year. In previous work, we found that tri-methoxy- and pyridine-substituted imidazoles show strong antibacterial activities.

Objective: The aim of this work was to investigate the antibacterial activities and bacterial resistances of imidazoles bearing an aromatic heterocyclic, alkoxy, or polycyclic moiety on the central ring.

Antinociceptive effect of gelsenicine, principal toxic alkaloids of gelsemium, on prostaglandin E2-induced hyperalgesia in mice: Comparison with gelsemine and koumine.

Gelsemium elegans (G.elegans) is a plant of the Loganiaceae family, known for its indole alkaloids, including gelsemine, koumine, and gelsenicine. Gelsemine and koumine are well-studied active alkaloids with low toxicity, valued for their anti-anxiety and analgesic properties.

Comprehensive analysis of JAZ family members in Ginkgo biloba reveals the regulatory role of the GbCOI1/GbJAZs/GbMYC2 module in ginkgolide biosynthesis.

Ginkgo biloba L., an ancient relict plant known as a 'living fossil', has a high medicinal and nutritional value in its kernels and leaves. Ginkgolides are unique diterpene lactone compounds in G.

Glycemic dispersion: a new index for screening high glycemic variability.

Objective: For patients with diabetes, high-frequency and -amplitude glycemic variability may be more harmful than continuous hyperglycemia; however, there is still a lack of screening indicators that can quickly and easily assess the level of glycemic variability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the glycemic dispersion index is effective for screening high glycemic variability.

Methods: A total of 170 diabetes patients hospitalized in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were included in this study.

Outcomes of direct superior approach and posterolateral approach for hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures: A comparative study.

Hemiarthroplasty is a surgical choice for super-aged patients with a high surgical risk and a sedentary lifestyle. The direct superior approach (DSA), a minimally invasive modification of the posterior approach, is rarely studied in hemiarthroplasty. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical outcomes in elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures undergoing hemiarthroplasty DSA with the conventional posterolateral approach (PLA).

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of Imidazole Derivatives Containing 6-Methylpyridine Moiety.

A series of 2-cyclopropyl-5-(5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-2-substituted-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles (15a-t and 16a-f) were synthesized and their antibacterial activities were evaluated. More than half of the compounds showed moderate or strong antibacterial activity. Among them, compounds 15t (MIC=1-2 μg/mL) and 16d (MIC=0.

Sex Differences in the In Vivo Exposure Process of Multiple Components of in Rats.

Asian () has a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, its strong toxicity limits its potential development and application. Interestingly, there are significant gender differences in toxicity in rats.

A Novel Early Warning Model for Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Prediction Based on a Graph Convolutional Network.

Objectives: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a widespread infectious disease that causes a significant disease burden on society. To achieve early intervention and to prevent outbreaks of disease, we propose a novel warning model that can accurately predict the incidence of HFMD.

Methods: We propose a spatial-temporal graph convolutional network (STGCN) that combines spatial factors for surrounding cities with historical incidence over a certain time period to predict the future occurrence of HFMD in Guangdong and Shandong between 2011 and 2019.

Current status of human adenovirus infection in China.

Background: Outbreaks of severe, acute hepatitis among children have recently attracted global attention. The pathogen causing the outbreak remains unknown, but there is growing evidence that it may be associated with human adenovirus (HAdV).

Data Sources: A review of adenovirus-related clinical studies, epidemiological studies, etiological studies, and case reports was conducted by reviewers independently.

SAR Analysis of Heterocyclic Compounds with Monocyclic and Bicyclic Structures as Antifungal Agents.

Infections caused by eukaryotic organisms, such as fungi, are generally more difficult to treat than bacterial infections. With the widespread use of antifungal drugs in humans and plants, resistance and toxicity have emerged. Therefore, it is desirable to develop new antifungal drugs with low toxicity that are not susceptible to the development of resistance.

MUC1 Specific Immune Responses Enhanced by Coadministration of Liposomal DDA/MPLA and Lipoglycopeptide.

Mucin 1 (MUC1), a well-known tumor-associated antigen and attractive target for tumor immunotherapy, is overexpressed in most human epithelial adenomas with aberrant glycosylation. However, its low immunogenicity impedes the development of MUC1-targeted antitumor vaccines. In this study, we investigated three liposomal adjuvant systems containing toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and auxiliary lipids of different charges: cationic lipid dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA), neutral lipid distearoylglycerophosphocholine (DSPC) or anionic lipid dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG), respectively.

Etiological and epidemiological features of acute meningitis or encephalitis in China: a nationwide active surveillance study.

Background: Acute meningitis or encephalitis (AME) results from a neurological infection causing high case fatality and severe sequelae. AME lacked comprehensive surveillance in China.

Methods: Nation-wide surveillance of all-age patients with AME syndromes was conducted in 144 sentinel hospitals of 29 provinces in China.

Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV, in people younger than 18 years: a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 1/2 trial.

Background: Although SARS-CoV-2 infection often causes milder symptoms in children and adolescents, young people might still play a key part in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. An efficacious vaccine for children and adolescents could therefore assist pandemic control. For further evaluation of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine candidate BBIBP-CorV, we assessed the safety and immunogenicity of BBIBP-CorV in participants aged 3-17 years.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Chiral Rhodanine Derivatives Bearing Quinoxalinyl Imidazole Moiety as ALK5 Inhibitors.

Background: TGF-β signaling pathway inhibition is considered an effective way to prevent the development of several diseases. In the design and synthesis of TGF-β inhibitors, a rhodanine compound containing a quinoxalinyl imidazole moiety was found to have strong antimicrobial activity.

Objective: The purpose of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of other chiral rhodanine TGF-β inhibitors synthesized.

HIF-1α aggravated traumatic brain injury by NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and activation of microglia.

Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is involved in regulating the biological functions of neuronal death after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and attaches importance in the inflammatory response, but its potential mechanism is still unknown. Our study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism between HIF-1α and NLRP3 inflammasome after TBI. Male mice underwent controlled cortical impact (CCI) or sham-operated procedures.