Microglial AKAP8L: a key mediator in diabetes-associated cognitive impairment via autophagy inhibition and neuroinflammation triggering.

Background: Diabetes-associated cognitive impairment (DACI) poses a significant challenge to the self-management of diabetes, markedly elevating the risk of adverse complications. A burgeoning body of evidence implicates microglia as a central player in the pathogenesis of DACI.

Methods: We utilized proteomics to identify potential biomarkers in high glucose (HG)-treated microglia, followed by gene knockdown techniques for mechanistic validation in vitro and in vivo.

Advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy.

Aim: Limited data are available regarding ALI's clinical relevance and prognostic value in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.

Materials And Methods: HCC patients who received hepatectomy at the Meizhou People's Hospital from May 2011 to February 2022 were enrolled in the study cohort. The ALI was calculated as follows: ALI = BMI (kg/m) × ALB (g/dL)/(absolute neutrophil count/absolute lymphocyte count).

Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia and surgical site infections after liver resection.

Background: In the overall surgical population, inadvertent perioperative hypothermia has been associated with an increased incidence of surgical site infection (SSI). However, recent clinical trials did not validate this notion. This study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between inadvertent perioperative hypothermia and SSIs following liver resection.

Synthesis of three cisplatin-conjugated asymmetric porphyrin photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy.

Photodynamic therapy provides a promising solution for treating various cancer types. In this study, three distinct asymmetric porphyrin-cisplatin complex photosensitizers (ZnPt-P1, ZnPt-P2, and ZnPt-P3) were synthesized, each having unique side chains. Through a set of experiments involving singlet oxygen detection and density functional theory, ZnPt-P1 was demonstrated to have excellent efficacy, exceeding that of ZnPt-P2 and ZnPt-P3.

Methylglyoxal accumulation contributes to accelerated brain aging in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

While it is well-acknowledged that neurovascular dysfunction in hypertension is tightly associated with accelerated brain aging, we contend that the deleterious effects of hypertension may extend beyond affecting only the arteries. Methylglyoxal (MG) derived from glycolysis, is involved in the accumulation of advanced glycated end products (AGEs), which are the hallmarks of neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, the present study aims to firstly investigate the role of MG metabolism in the hypertension-accelerated brain aging process.

Analysis and validation of diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration characteristics in pediatric sepsis by integrating bioinformatics and machine learning.

Background: Pediatric sepsis is a complicated condition characterized by life-threatening organ failure resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection in children. It is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, and rapid detection and administration of antimicrobials have been emphasized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic biomarkers of pediatric sepsis and the function of immune cell infiltration in the development of this illness.

Reduced platelet 5-HT content is associated with rest tremor in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is highly heterogeneous in manifestations and pathogenesis. Serotonergic neurotransmitter system dysfunction is frequently implicated in PD tremor. Serotonin (5-HT) content in platelets is highly correlated with that in cerebrospinal fluid.

A signature of immune-related genes correlating with clinical prognosis and immune microenvironment in sepsis.

Background: Immune-related genes (IRGs) remain poorly understood in their function in the onset and progression of sepsis.

Methods: GSE65682 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The IRGs associated with survival were screened for subsequent modeling using univariate Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator in the training cohort.

ΔPCO and ΔPCO/CO Are Not Predictive of Organ Dysfunction After Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Cardiac surgery is associated with a substantial risk of major adverse events. Although carbon dioxide (CO)-derived variables such as venous-to-arterial CO difference (ΔPCO), and PCO gap to arterial-venous O content difference ratio (ΔPCO/CO) have been successfully used to predict the prognosis of non-cardiac surgery, their prognostic value after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains controversial. This hospital-based study explored the relationship between ΔPCO, ΔPCO/CO and organ dysfunction after CPB.

Association Analyses of Autonomic Dysfunction and Sympathetic Skin Response in Motor Subtypes of Parkinson's Disease.

Autonomic dysfunction is a common and disabling non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to understand autonomic dysfunction in PD motor subtypes, the pattern of sympathetic skin response (SSR) to motor asymmetry, and the association of SSR with autonomic and motor dysfunctions. A total of 101 PD patients of Han Chinese were included.

Neuroprotective effects of vitamin D and 17ß-estradiol against ovariectomy-induced neuroinflammation and depressive-like state: Role of the AMPK/NF-κB pathway.

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) has been proven to relieve menopausal-related mental disorders including depression in postmenopausal women. However, the unsafety of ERT hinders its clinical use. In this study, we would evaluate whether vitamin D (VD), a hormone with optimal safety profile, could relieve the depressive-like symptom in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.

Chronic stress causes protein kinase C epsilon-aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 signaling pathway perturbation in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, but not in the myocardium.

Chronic stress is strongly associated with the occurrence and development of depression and cardiovascular disease. Stress can induce altered mitochondrial function and activation of apoptosis in the cardio-cerebral system. However, it is unknown whether the protein kinase C ε (PKCε)-aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) pathway is altered under chronic stress, and this study sought to address this question.

The long noncoding RNA ZFAS1 facilitates bladder cancer tumorigenesis by sponging miR-329.

The incidence and mortality rate of bladder cancer have dramatically expanded, so it's urgent to discover new biomarker and therapeutic target for bladder cancer. Recently, lncRNA has been identified as oncogene or tumor suppressor to regulate the tumorigenesis. LncRNA ZFAS1 has been confirmed as oncogene in various tumors.

Codelivery of dihydroartemisinin and doxorubicin in mannosylated liposomes for drug-resistant colon cancer therapy.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major hurdle in cancer chemotherapy and makes the treatment benefits unsustainable. Combination therapy is a commonly used method for overcoming MDR. In this study we investigated the anti-MDR effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, in combination with doxorubicin (Dox) in drug-resistant human colon tumor HCT8/ADR cells.

Morphological and physiological responses of different wheat genotypes to chilling stress: a cue to explain yield loss.

Background: The eco-physiological mechanism of wheat yield loss resulting from chilling stress is a fundamental scientific issue. However, previous studies have focused on hexaploid wheats, and few studies on the morphological and physiological plasticity of wheat plants. Six different wheat genotypes were tested under chilling stress to investigate the physio-morphological parameters as well as the loss of grain yield in growth chambers.

Nuclear-targeting TAT-PEG-Asp8-doxorubicin polymeric nanoassembly to overcome drug-resistant colon cancer.

Aim: Drug efflux-associated multidrug resistance (MDR) is a main obstacle to effective cancer chemotherapy. Large molecule drugs are not the substrates of P-glycoprotein, and can circumvent drug efflux and be retained inside cells. In this article we report a polymer-drug conjugate nanoparticulate system that can overcome MDR based on size-related exclusion effect.

A cross-sectional analysis of prescription and stakeholder surveys following essential medicine reform in Guangdong Province, China.

Background: An essential medicine (EM) system has been implemented in China to reduce patients' financial burden and to make the use of drugs more rational. This study aims to evaluate the current state of the EM system in Guangdong Province.

Methods: We conducted surveys in 21 cities in 2012, covering 98 medical institutions, 1,509 doctors, 17 medicine manufacturers, and 17 distribution companies.

Reduction of preanalytical errors in clinical laboratory through multiple aspects and whole course intervention measures.

Objective: Errors in preanalytical phase decrease the accuracy of reports from clinical laboratory department. Considering the disqualified rate of preanalytical sample in our hospital, we performed several intervention measures to improve the situation.

Methods: The disqualified sample types and major causes of errors in the preanalytical phase were investigated in clinical laboratory department from September 2008 to August 2009.

[Infrared spectra and XRD characteristics of alunite in the Zijinshan gold-copper deposit].

The structural characteristics and composition of alunite in the Zijinshan gold-copper deposit were studied by infrared absorption spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The results show that infrared spectral absorption peaks, the growth degree of crystal faces (006) and (004), and crystal cell parameters of the alunite display gradually decreasing trend from the crater to northwest along the metallogenic belt. Combined with electron probe analysis results, we go further and obtain that the alunite mainly belongs to potassium alunite, and the characteristics of infrared spectra and XRD of the alunite mainly have relation to the content of potassium of the alunite in different parts of volcanic mechanism.

Stress and vitamin D: altered vitamin D metabolism in both the hippocampus and myocardium of chronic unpredictable mild stress exposed rats.

Exposure to stressful life events is associated with the onset of major depression and increases the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality. While recent evidence has indicated the existence of an interrelationship between local vitamin D (VD) metabolism and many aspects of human physiology including brain and heart function, much is still unknown concerning the biological link between VD signaling and stress-induced depressive behavior and cardiac dysfunction. In the present study, we observed the VD intracrine system in the hippocampus and myocardium of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) exposed rats.

Repeated haloperidol administration has no effect on vitamin D signaling but increase retinoid X receptors and Nur77 expression in rat prefrontal cortex.

Both vitamin D (VD) signaling and Nur77 are implicated in dopaminergic neurotransmission and dopamine-related neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency rats exhibit schizophrenia-like behaviors and disturbance of dopamine system, which could be partly normalized by haloperidol treatment. By blocking dopamine D2 receptor, haloperidol induces Nur77 expression, suggesting a modulatory role of Nur77 in brain dopamine system.

Astragalus polysaccharides can regulate cytokine and P-glycoprotein expression in H22 tumor-bearing mice.

Aim: To investigate the adjunct anticancer effect of Astragalus polysaccharides in H22 tumor-bearing mice.

Methods: To establish a solid tumor model, 5.0 × 10(6)/mL H22 hepatoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the right armpit region of Kunming mice (6-12 wk old, 18-22 g).