Exploring the association of physical activity on cognitive function in older adults from observational and genetic insights: a combined NHANES and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Cognitive function () deterioration is a pressing concern in geriatric research. This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity (PA) and in older adults.

Methods: This study adopted a dual approach, employing both observational and genetic approaches through data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.

Exogenous Plant gma-miR-159a, Identified by miRNA Library Functional Screening, Ameliorated Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Inflammation via Inhibiting GSK-3β-Mediated Pathways.

Purpose: Plant-derived exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate human physiological functions by blocking the translation of target mRNAs. Although several computational approaches have been developed to elucidate the interactions of cross-species miRNAs and their targets in mammals, the number of verified plant miRNAs is still limited, and the biological roles of most exogenous plant miRNAs remain unknown.

Methods: A miRNA mimic library-based phenotypic screening, which contained 8394 plant mature miRNAs published in the official database miRbase, was performed to identify more novel bioactive plant miRNAs for the prevention of hepatic fibrosis.

Effect of Radix isatidis polysaccharide on alleviating insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus cells and rats.

Objectives: The objective of this paper was to explore the effects of Radix isatidis polysaccharide (RIP) extracted from Radix isatis on alleviating insulin resistance.

Methods: The insulin resistance models of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and type 2 diabetic rats were established to evaluate the insulin resistance activity of RIP.

Key Findings: Radix isatidis polysaccharide within the concentration range of 25-100 μg/ml could reduce cell supernatant glucose and TNF-α levels (P < 0.

PDGF signaling pathway in hepatic fibrosis pathogenesis and therapeutics (Review).

The platelet‑derived growth factor (PDFG) signaling pathway exerts persistent activation in response to a variety of stimuli and facilitates the progression of hepatic fibrosis. Since this pathway modulates a broad spectrum of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, inflammation and carcinogenesis, it has emerged as a therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis and liver‑associated disorders. The present review exhibits the current knowledge of the role of the PDGF signaling pathway and its pathological profiles in hepatic fibrosis, and assesses the potential of inhibitors which have been investigated in the experimental hepatic fibrosis model, in addition to the clinical challenges associated with these inhibitors.

Studies on anti-angiogenesis of ginsenoside structure modification HRG in vitro.

This study investigates the anti-angiogenic effect of 3β, 12β, 20(S)-trihydroxy dammarane-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-β-d-glucopyranoside(HRG), a new chemical compound obtained by structure modification on Ginseng saponins Rg3, associated with the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) and its upstream signal-regulated molecule of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(b-FGF) in vitro, which plays an critical role in angiogenesis during the process of carcinoma. In our study, to investigate the anti-angiogenesis effect of HRG in HUVECs, we utilized cell proliferation assay, tube formation assay, wound-healing assay, Semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and Western blot assay. Our results demonstrated that HRG plays a major role in the regulation of proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs by suppressing the expression of VEGF and b-FGF in both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.

Baicalein attenuates vinorelbine-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and chemotherapeutic phlebitis in rabbits.

Chemotherapy is one of the major strategies for cancer treatment. Several antineoplastic drugs including vinorelbine (VRB) are commonly intravenously infused and liable to cause serious phlebitis. The therapeutic drugs for preventing this complication are limited.

Selaginella uncinata flavonoids ameliorated ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation in a rat model of asthma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring, known as "Cuiyuncao", is a perennial herb widely distributed in the Southeast Asian countries. In the folk medicine, the local minority commonly use it to treat cough and asthma for centuries.

Efficacy and safety of carbon dioxide insufflation versus air insufflation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A meta-analysis update.

Background And Objective: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is essential for visualising the biliary tree and pancreatic ducts, and carbon dioxide (CO) insufflation during ERCP is considered an alternative technique to air insufflation for relieving post-procedural abdominal discomfort (abdominal pain and distension). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CO insufflation on the remission of abdominal discomfort and the potential side effects by conducting a meta-analysis.

Methods: The method recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration was employed to conduct a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of CO insufflation versus air insufflation during ERCP.

Tolvaptan regulates aquaporin-2 and fecal water in cirrhotic rats with ascites.

Aim: To investigate the role of tolvaptan in regulating aquaporin (AQP)-2 expression and fecal water content in cirrhotic rats with ascites.

Methods: Cirrhosis with ascites was induced in rats by repetitive dorsal injection of CCl4 for 14 wk. In total, 84 cirrhotic rats with ascites divided into three groups (vehicle, 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg tolvaptan), and then further divided into five subgroups (days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5).